Objective To observe the apoptosis and expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4's mRNA in ischemia-reperfusion injured rat renal tubular epithelia cells (NRK-52E) in vitro, and effect of Cordyceps Sinensis (CS) extractant.Methods Cultured NRK-52E cells were divided into a control group, a model group, and a CS preincubated group. All first removed media and incubated with antimycin A for 1 h, and then recovered the media to simulate the ischemia-reperfusion injury in vitro. We detected the apoptosis ratio of cells by flow cytometer and the mRNA expression of TLR-4, Bax, Bcl-2 gene by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction at different time points.Results In ischemia-reperfusion injured NRK-52E, the apoptosis ratio rose as time passed (P＜0.05). We also observed increased mRNA expression of TLR-4, Bax (P＜0.05) and deceased expression of Bcl-2 (P＜0.05). Compared with the model grpup, the CS preincubated NRK-52E cells showed apparent tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury, which manifestated lower apoptosis ratio (P＜0.05), decreased expression of mRNA of TLR-4, Bax and increased expression of Bcl-2 (All Ps＜0.05). Conclusion The number of apoptosis cells and the expression of TLR-4 mRNA inceased with ischemia-reperfusion injury of NRK-52E in vitro. CS can prevent the NRK-52E cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury by downregulating TLR-4 gene.

Objective To study the correlation of heart rate variability(HRV) and autonomic nervous function in patients with anxiety neurosis, and provide evidence for prevention and treatment of anxiety disorder. Methods 90 patients with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) and panic disorder(PD) and 90 healthy persons were tested by psychological questionnaire,the anxiety and depression were assessed by HAMA and HAMD. The average heart rate and HRV index were monitored by 24-hour ambulatory ECG. Results The average heart rate of the anxiety group was higher than the control group, compared with the control group the difference was significant ( P < 0. 05 ); The HRV parameters of the anxiety group were lower than the control group, compared with the control group the difference was significant( P < 0. 05 ) ;The HRV parameters of the GAD group were lower than the control group, the HRV parameters of the PD group were lower than the GAD group, the difference was significant ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion The patients with anxiety neurosis had high sympathetic nerve activity function and autonomic dysfunction, the PD patients had higher sympathetic nerve activity function and autonomic dysfunction than the GAD patients.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs) construct a family of ligand-gated ion channels. nAChRs distribute extensively in central nerve system, neuromuscular junctions and surface of other cells. The differences on subunits and tissue location determinate the diversity of receptor functions. Early research has found that nerve signal transmission is its main function and recent research found it also the key receptor of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. To illuminate the physiological mechanism of these functions has great clinical significance for the treatment of correlated diseases such as myasthenia gravis, epilepsy and multiple organ failure.

OBJECTIVE To investigate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and clinical symptoms among hospitalized children by detection of EBV in their throat swabs. METHODS During from Oct 2004 to Apr 2006, EBV-DNA was detected from throat swabs of inpatients in pediatric ward by the technology of fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Totally 3429 cases were detected, 738 cases were positive. The positive rate was 21.5%. In different age groups, the rate of EBV infection was 18.8% for ≤3 years old, 26.5% for 4-7 years old, 29.0% for 8-11 years old, and 31.7% for 12-15 years old, respectively. The rate of EBV infection increased significantly with age increasing (P

Objective In order to optimize patient's medical treatment processes, and to improve the working efficiency of health care professionals and the quality of medical services. Methods The design and application of the electronic prescription module were introduced, and its advantages and existing problems were discussed. Results The electronic prescription module were applied generally. Orthodox patient's medical treatment processes were changed and the prescription management was normalized. Conclusion The electronic prescription module is one of the core components of the workstation system for the out-patient physicians. It optimizes the patient's medical treatment processes and improves the efficiency and the quality of medical services.

Mammals have three genes with homology to the hh gene.These comprise Sonic hedgehog(Shh),Indian hedgehog(Ihh),and Desert hedgehog(Dhh).Shh has been shown to play a crucial role in embryogenesis and the development of ectoderm.Shh has the great relationship with the forming all the system.Shh-Patched-Smoothened signal pathway will lead the embryogenesis in the normal way.Otherwise,the abnormal embryogenesis,malformation,and tumor will be happened.

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive drug largely used in organ transplantation.It is characterized by a narrow therapeutic index and wide interindividual variability in its pharmacokinetics. Cyclosporine is metabolized primarily by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in the liver and small intestine and also substrate for P-gp, encoded by MDR1. The interindividual heterogeneity in enzymatic activity of small intestine and liver CYP3A4 and CYP3A5, and intestine P-gp have contributed to oral cyclosporine pharmacokinetics in kidney, heart,liver and lung transplant patients. The differences in enzymatic activity of CYP3A and P-gp are believed to be due to CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and MDR1 genetic mutation. Therefore, a investigation which the effect of sequence variants in gene encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporter to cyclosporine disposition may lead to individualized drug dosing and improved therapeutics.

Objective:To examine the effect of acid etching time on the bonding interface of non-carious cervical sclerotic dentin. Methods: Twenty extracted premolars with non-carious cervical lesions were randomly divided into two groups, the lesion surface was conditioned with Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus dentin bonding system. The etching time was 15 s and 30 s respectively. The bonding interface ultra-structures were compared with SEM. Results:In sclerotic dentin (15 s) , the hybrid layer was visible, with minimal resin tags in the dentinal tubules and, when presented, they were shorter. Doubling the etching time (30s) resulted in more resin tags with an hybrid layer formation on peritubular dentin. Conclusion: Doubling the etching time improved the ultrastructure of sclerotic dentin-resin bonding interface, and could be an efficient way to improve the bonding effect.

Objective: To discuss the risk factors, subtypes and prognosis of cerebral infarction in hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients. Methods: A total of 976 patients with cerebral infarction were divided into hypertension (n=516) and non-hypertension (n=460) according to their history of hypertension. Single and multiple factor analysis in the risk factors, subtypes of cerebral infarct, and prognosis were performed. Results: The incidence of previous cerebral infarction, lacunar infarction, and posterior circulation infarction in the hypertension group was significantly higher than those in the non-hypertension group. Advanced age, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus in the non-hypertension group were significantly more frequent than those in the hypertension group, and there were significant difference. Conclusions: Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and advanced age are the main risk factors of cerebral infarction. Hypertension is the major causes of lacunar infarction and posterior circulation infarction.

Pseudomonas aeroginosa exotoxin A(PEA) was purified from the strain PA103 and labelled with Ⅰ~(125).Then autoradiographic tracing,histopathological observations with light and electron microscopes,and antiserum protestion test were carried out on inbred mice BALB/C.The results indicate that the liver is the target organ of PEA,and both the hepatocytes and kupffer cells the target cells,on which the severe damage may be responsible for the acute death of the toxicated animals.