Objective To investigate the effect of astragalus polysaccharide,a component of an aqueous extract of Astragalus Membranaceus roots,on differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells in vitro. Methods 30 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups,normal control group,100,200 mg/kg APS intraperitoneal injection groups. After one week,weight the mouse spleen,account the splenetic index. Collect the mouse bone marrow cell,induced and cultured with rmGM-CSF and rmIL-4. With inverted microscope to investigate the morphous of DC cell. The phenotypes of DC were detected by flow cytometry and the expression of the GM-CSF protein in serum was tested by ELISA. Results Astragalus polysaccharide injection had obvious effects on the spleen weight of mice. The degree of CD11c and MHC-Ⅱ expression in 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups on flow cytometry were advanced significantly compared with that in normal control group,but the degree of CD80 and CD86 was not increased. And the expression of the GM-CSF protein in serum in 100 mg/kg group and 200 mg/kg group were both not increased significantly compared with nomal control group. Conclusion The intraperitoneal injection of astragalus polysaccharide could stimulate the proliferation of the pre DC in bone marrow. The angtigen presentation of DC might be enhanced,but this effects was not positive correlation with concentration of GM-CSF.

BACKGROUND:Impact mechanics properties of thoracic vertebra cancellous bone should be understood in treating osteoporosis,bone remodeling,bone reconstruction,as well as fixator selection for thoracic vertebral fracture.Most of previous studies concerning youth and the elderly bodies alone,reports regarding impact of thoracic vertebra cancellous bone mechanical properties are few.OBJECTIVE:To perform impact experiment to the normal people youth and the elderly fresh corpse thoracic vertebra cancellous bone to survey the impact mechanical properties,and to definite whether the impact mechanical properties of thoracic vertebra trabecular bone have difference between youth and the elderly people.METHODS:Experimental samples were from 4 normal fresh corpse,aged 20,25,70 and 75 years,were provided by Department of Anatomy,Norman Bethune Medical University.Spinal column thoracic vertebra T_(3-12) specimen were obtained from corpse within 1 hours and cut into 40 mm×6 mm×6 mm pieces,with 20 test pieces in each group.The impact experiment was performed using energy liberation method at room temperature under 28 ℃.After experiment,the impact energy was displayed automatic on testing machine,and the impact toughness was calculated by mechanical formula,and the morphology of fracture surface was observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The impact energy and impact toughness of the youth group was obviously greater than that of the elderly group (P＜0.05).Majority of the fracture surfaces were comminuted,minority were transverse or oblique fracture.The macroscopic observation showed that trabecular arranged compact in the thoracic vertebra cancellous bone of the youth group,which was sparse arrangement and presented with senile osteoporosis in the elderly group.It demonstrated that the impact mechanics properties of thoracic vertebra cancellous bone are different between the youth and elderly groups,and osteoporosis changes impact mechanics properties in the elderly people.

Objective To compare the mechanical properties of animal knee lateral collateral ligament tensile between the normal and atherosclerotic animal model of osteoarthritis,and to identify if there are effects of osteoarthritis on the animal knee lateral collateral ligament tensile mechanical properties.Methods The experimental rats were provided by the Changchun High Medical Center for animal experiments.The 6-month-old male rats were the copying model of osteoarthritis.The tensile experiments at electron Shimadzu universal testing machine was carried out on ten of normal and pathological specimens.The speed of the tensile experiments was 5mm/min.Experimental data were processed by polynomial least square method.Results The tensile maximum load of normal control group was(26.12?4.00)N,maximum stress was(40.93?6.71)MPa,maximum displacement was(3.08?0.77)mm,and maximum strain was(9.51?2.36)%.The tensile maximum load of model group was(12.05?2.07)N,maximum stress was(21.28?4.17)MPa,maximum displacement was(2.32?0.56)mm,and maximum strain was(7.04?1.79)%.Conclusion The tensile performance of normal control group was significantly greater than that of the model group(P

Objective To investigate the clinical value of hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (HyCoSy) with high-pressure syringe injection and time-intensity curve analysis in the diagnosis of women infertility due to tube obstruction.Methods Fifty-six women with infertility underwent HyCoSy with compressive injection of SonoVue with a balloon catheter and high-pressure syringe.Time-intensity curve based on Autotracking Contrast Quatification (ACQ) software was analyzed in all patients.The arrival time (AT) of microbubbles from uterine cavity to tube fimbria was analyzed between partially obstructed tube group and control group.Results The AT in the group of partially obstructed tubes was (3.49 ± 1.70) s,while the AT in the group of freely patent tubes was (1.14-± 0.37)s,there was statistical difference of AT between the group of partially obstructed tubes and the group of freely patent tubes (P =0.000).According to ROC results,the optimization point of AT was 1.65 s,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92.6％,93.3％,96.2％ and 87.5％,respectively.Conclusions High-pressure syringe injection in HyCoSy is useful for regular administration and high image quality.The AT could be considered as the diagnostic indices in the evaluation of fallopian tube patency for infertile women.

Objective To study the characteristics of microscopic spread of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the influence of clinicopathological features on it to help define the clinical target volume (CTV) margin in radiotherapy.Methods Sixty-four surgical specimens of ESCC were observed for longitudinal microscopic spread per centimeter both proximally and distally from the tumor.The shrinkage ratio of each specimen was calculated and used for tissue incision.Results The further the distance beyond the tumor, the lower the incidence there was of microscopic spread.Positive rates of microscopic spread in group 3 cm of proximal and distal were 4.8% and 6.9%, respectively, and in group 4 cm were both 3.6%.Tumors longer than 5 cm in length,with poorer differentiation, lymph nodes metastasis and more aggressive phase had higher positive rates (79.3% vs 45.7%,77.4% vs 45.5%,76.0% vs 51.2%,70.5% vs 40.0%,χ2=7.52,6.86,3.91,5.36;P=0.006,0.009,0.042,0.021).Differentiation and tumor length were main factors contributing to microscopic spread (χ2=0.19,4.82;P=0.020,0.017).Conclusions To cover 95% of the microscopic spread,a margin of 3.0 cm proximal and 4.0 cm distal beyond gross tumor volume is needed and as to 90%, a margin of 3.0 cm both proximal and distal is needed.Moreover, the influence of pathological features should be taken into account.

Objective To evaluate the effect of lung cancer bone metastasis on serum osteocalcin(OC)in Chinese population using me-ta-analysis.Methods Searched the date of PubMed,Web of science,Embase,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,VIP database and Wanfang da-tabase to identify potentially studies which involved the correlation between bone metastasis and serum OC in Chinese patients with lung canc-er.Standardized mean difference(SMD)and 95%CI was used to access the results.Results 8 studies were included.The study showed that the OC in serum would increase significantly when bone metastases happened in Chinese lung cancer patients.SMD(95%)CI was 0.58 [0.15,1.01]and 0.776[0.20,1.34]compared with controls and BM-,respectively.SMD and 95%CI of BM-compared with controls was -0.15[-0.54,0.23],insignificantly.Conclusion Lung cancer bone metastases may raise serum osteocalcin levels in Chinese popu-lation meanwhile this phenomenon will not happen without bone metastasis.

ObjectiveTo find out if the immune system derived thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) β splice variant(TSHβ-Ⅴ) would be regulated by circulating thyroid hormone levels to get a further understanding of the function and mechanism of this TSHβ-Ⅴ in thyroid homeostasis.MethodsA total of 20 weaning Balb/c mice (half male and half female) were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to their body mass and gender(n =10).Mice of control group were fed with common diet and deionized water.Mice of the low-iodine(LI) group were fed with low-iodine diet(containing iodine 20 - 40 μg/kg,iodine-intake about 0.25 μg/d) and deionized water.The experimental period was 3 months.At the end of the experiment,mice were executed and the blood was collected to observe the levels of TSH and thyroid hormone by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA) ; bone marrow (BM),peripheral blood(PBL),thyroid gland and pituitary were collected to assay the TSHβ-Ⅴ mRNA expression by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsThe serum free thyroxine(FT4) and total thyroxine(TT4) levels in LI group of mice[(0.47 ± 0.70)nmol/L,(2.41 ± 0.28)pmol/L] were significantly lower than that of the control group of mice [(55.2 ± 3.68) nmol/L, (32.72 ± 1.02) pmol/L,t =43.81,86.04 、all P ＜ 0.01 ] and the serum total triiodothyronine(TT3) and free triiodothyronine(FT3) reduction in LI group of mice[ (0.76 ± 0.08)nmol/L,(4.01 ± 0.40)pmol/L] were significantly lower than that of the control group of mice [ (1.10 ± 0.06)nmol/L,(5.40 ± 0.38)pmol/L,t =9.81,7.5 1,P ＜ 0.01 ].Iodine insufficiency strongly elevated the serum TSH in LI group of mice[ (35.67 ± 17.39)mU/L] than that in control group of mice[ (0.24 ± 0.10)mU/L,t =- 6.11,P ＜ 0.01 ].The mRNA levels of TSH β-Ⅴ in BM (9.62 ± 0.60) and in PBL( 9.25 ± 0.83 ) of LI group of mice were lower than those in control group of mice (7.69 ± 0.36,7.11 ± 0.41,t =6.77,5.64,P ＜ 0.01),while the mRNA level of TSH β-Ⅴ in pituitary of LI group of mice (1.99 ± 0.61) was increased compared with that in control group of mice (5.75 ± 0.98,t =- 8.02,P＜ 0.01).Compared with control group of mice(9.12 ± 0.62),the level of thyroid TSH β-Ⅴ mRNA in LI group of mice (9.32 ± 0.91 ) was not significantly changed (t =0.45,P ＞ 0.05).There was no detectable native TSHβ in BM,PBL and thyroid.The mRNA level of native TSHβ in pituitary in LI group of mice( - 7.17 ± 1.78) was dramatically elevated compared to that in control group of mice( - 1.43 ± 0.51,t =- 7.60,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThe mRNA levels of TSHβ-Ⅴ are suppressed in BM and PBL in low iodinediet induced hypothyroidism mice,which suggest that immune system derived TSHβ-Ⅴ may be more important thannative TSHβ in immune-thyroid regulation.

Objective To observe the effects of atorvastatin calcium on serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI), so as to approach the mechanism of atorvastatin calcium inhibiting ACI inflammatory injury. Methods Eighty-four patients with ACI were randomly divided into 2 groups: group B (42 cases, treated with antiplatelet therapy and improving cerebral circulation), group A(42 cases, treated with atorvastatin calcium 20 mg/d after the onset of ACI for 28 days on the base of group B). TNF- α and CRP were detected before treatment and in the 3rd,7th day after treatment. The European stroke scale (ESS) was evaluated on the same time. A healthy control group (group C, 16 cases) was also included in the study. Results The peak of CRP and TNF-α levels were observed in the 3rd and 7th day after treatment respectively, and the levels of group A were lower than those of group B [(13.00 ± 2.45) mg/L vs (19.21 ± 3.67) mg/L,(19.79 ± 11.01) ng/L vs (30.69 ± 18.47) ng/L, P < 0.05]. In the 7th day after treatment, the scores of ESS was higher in group A than that in group B [(79.19 ± 30.59) scores vs (63.91 ± 27.87) scores, P < 0.05]. Conclusions Atorvastatin calcium can prevent the increase of serum TNF-α and CRP, and it has anti-inflammatory effect. Atorvastatin calcium may have the role of neuroprotection besides lipid-lowering.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo compare the differences of aerodynamic characteristics of pharyngeal cavity between normal subjects and OSAHS patients, and to study the nasal obstruction in the pathogenesis of the OSAHS.METHODSA total of 60 normal subjects and 60 OSAHS patients were enrolled in this study. Numerical simulation was performed to calculate the airflow dynamic indexes of three sections of pharyngeal cavity. Correlation analysis of the nasal resistance and negative pressure were studied.RESULTSThe average pharyngeal negative pressure and airflow velocity in OSAHS patients were significantly increased than that in normal subjects. The total nasal airway resistance significantly correlated with the average negative pressure of pharyngeal cavity. CONCLUSIONAirflow dynamic indexes of OSAHS patients had significant different pharyngeal aerodynamic characteristics from normal subjects. The increased average negative pressure in pharynx might contribute to the severity of pharyngeal collapse for OSAHS patients. Higher total nasal resistance might play a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of OSAHS.

Objective To assess any differences in brain activation during active,passive and imaginary movement of the hands using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI),and to provide references for the cortical reorganization in patients with brain injuries.Methods Twenty healthy,righthanded,adult volunteers were studied,fMRI was performed during active,passive and imaginary fist clutching.Whole brain analysis and group analysis were applied to get the voxels,the volume of activation,the peak t-score and its coordinates.Results Active and passive movement both produced significant activation in the contralateral sensorimotor cortex,the contralateral supplementary motor area and the ipsilateral cerebellum.The sensorimotor cortex was the most frequently and most strongly activated brain area.Imaginary movement produced significant bilateral activation in the supplementary motor area.Conclusions Active and passive movement induce similar brain activation patterns.This indicates that passive might replace active movement when observing activation of the brain's cortex during the rehabilitation of patients with hemiplegia.