Objective:To study the surface enhanced Raman scattering ( SERS) of safflower and identify safflower injections by SERS quickly and effectively. Methods:Through comparative analysis of the Raman spectroscopy of safflower injections and the corre-sponding control herbs, the rapid identification of safflower injections was realized. Results:The results showed that several character-istic peaks of safflower were enhanced obviously in SERS, which could be used to identify safflower injections. Conclusion:The meth-od is reliable, rapid, accurate and specific, which can be applied as a method to identify safflower and its injections.

Animals ; Cattle ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Formula ; Milk Hypersensitivity ; Milk Proteins ; adverse effects

Objective To describe the Evidence-based Nursing Competences of nurses who have received Evidence-based Nursing training in tertiary hospitals in Shanghai and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Use the Evidence-based Nursing Competency Rating Scale made by Wang Yilei to investigate 428 nurses who have received Evidence-based Nursing training in 9 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai. Results The average score was (54.39±16.77), the 3-scoring rate was 25.1%-64.3%and the 4-scoring rate was 2.8%-23.1%which indicates the nurses had moderate-low level of EBNP competence after training project including in service training, seminar, lecture, workshop and so on, but still at a low level. Educational background and training time were the main influencing factors (P<0.05). Conclusions Nurses in tertiary hospitals in Shanghai have a moderate-low level of evidence-based nursing practice competence after education project. Comprehensive evidence-based nursing training system is expected.

Biliary tract infection is the most commonly seen severe complication of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ)with a high mortality rate. Bile bacterial infection in MOJ patients is related with a variety of clinical factors and the therapeutic approaches including surgical operation,ERCP and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage( PTCD). Bile bacterial culture combined with drug sensitivity test is of great importance for selection of optimal antibacterial agents. In this article,the related factors,current status of therapeutics,biliary bacterial spectrum and drug sensitivity in MOJ with biliary tract infection were reviewed for defining the clinical indicators and guiding the use of antibacterial agents.

0.05);and in combined test,the combined ORe=0.989 7 and ORs=0.565 7 with the combined ORe and ORs(at 95% confidence interval)stood at 0.783 6～1.248 4 and 0.418 8～0.764 1,respectively.In OR combined test:?2=13.790 9(P

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of treating periarthritis of shoulder with manipulation through evaluating clinical reports with the theory of evidence-based medicine (EMB). METHODS: By retrieval of some main medical literature databases in the past 5 years, 242 articles on treating periarthritis of shoulder with manipulation were available. Selected by admission standard, 10 of them were evaluated with EBM theory. RESULTS: Both single-application and union-application of manipulation were effective to periarthritis of shoulder, but the evaluated articles were all low-quality articles. CONCLUSION: Because of low quality clinic test and larvaceous publication bias, the extant evidence is not enough to recommend replacing other therapeutic methods by manipulation. The low quality of evaluated articles suggests that there exist some methodology problems in the clinic test on treating periarthritis of shoulder with manipulation.

Objective Statistics and analyze the effect of comprehensive prevention measures for the ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) morbidity and mortality,and investigate its actual applicate situation in the clinical.Methods Statistics and analyze the clinical date of 183 cases of our ICU mechanical ventilation patients in 2012 (group A),including morbidity,mortality,time of endotracheal intubation,length of stay and the primary pathogenic bacteria,and to compared with the relevant clinical data of 192 cases of our ICU mechanical ventilation patients in 2011 (group B),summarize and analysis the actual applicate situation of the comprehensive prevention measures in the clinical through the data contrast.Results The incidence of VAP in group A was lower than that in group B [31.7％(58/183) vs.58.3％(112/192)] (P ＜ 0.05),but the mortality was no statistical difference in both groups (P ＞ 0.05) ; the endotracheal intubation time and the average length of stay in group A were less than those in group B [6.3 d vs.10.6 d,7.6 d vs.11.9 d](P＜0.05); the main pathogenic bacterium of VAP with mainly gram-negative bacilh.Conclusions Comprehensive prevention measures can effectively reduce the incidence of VAP,but the mortality rate has no significant effect,need further clinical research;comprehensive prevention measures to reduce patients with tube time also confirm its effectiveness.Comprehensive prevention measures are economical and practical,is worth in clinical promotion.

Objective To understand the difference of Demodex prevalence among medical students living and studying together with different classes, sexes and nationalities. \ Methods\ Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis were detected by using cellophane tape on the nasolabial grooves. \ Results\ The overall prevalence was 51\^5% in 2 248 medical students. Prevalence in different classes and sexes was: freshman 42\^6%, sophomore 49\^6% and third year students 66\^8%; 55\^7% in males and 48\^7% in females. Prevalence in students with different nationalities was: Mongolian 49\^8%, Han 52\^8% and other minorities 64\^3%. \ Conclusion\ The Demodex prevalence in students of senior classes was higher than those from junior ones (P

Objective To explore the relationship between calcium channel ?1 subunit (Cav1.1) gene intron 26 -67 A/G polymorphism and thyrotoxic periodic paralysis(TPP). Methods Cav1.1 gene polymorphism at position -67 was determined by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) in 46 male patients with TPP, 68 male Graves’ disease (GD) patients without TPP and 72 healthy male controls. The difference of genotype and the variation of allele frequencies were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results (1) Frequencies distribution of AG+GG genotype in TPP, GD and control groups were 47.83%, 14.71% and 29.17% respectively, and those of allele G were 44.57%, 13.24% and 27.78% for the three groups respectively. (2) Frequencies of -67 AG+GG genotype in TPP group were significantly higher than those in GD and CON group(OR=5.32, P

Objective To investigate the changes of protein C and fibrinolytic system in patients with acute cerebrovasculer disease and the influence of intervened treatments on acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods Determinations of protein C(PC),protein S (PS),thrombomodulin(TM),Tissue-type plasminogen activater(t-PA),plasminogen activator inhabitor(PAI) were performed in patiens with acute cerebrovasculer disease and normal control(NC),then redeterminated these items after treatments in patients with ACI.Results PC,PS:The levels in patients with ACI were significantly lower than that in other groups.After dreatments,the levels in patients with ACI increased.There were no significantly discrepancy in acute cerebral hemorrhage(ACH) and lacunar cerebral infarct(LCI) compared with NC;TM:The levels in patients with ACH,ACI were significantly higher than that with LCI and NC.After dreatments,the levels in patients with ACI decreased;t-PA:The levels in patients with ACI were lower than NC,whereas the levels in patients with ACH increased.After dreatments,the levels in patients with ACI increased;PAI:The levels in patients with ACI were significantly higher than NC,and also found that the levels in patients with ACH and LCH were higher compared with NC.The levels in patients with ACI decreased after dreatments.Conclusions There are obviously abnormalities in plasma coagulative and fibrinlytic parameters in acute cerebrovasculer disease;To check the levels of PC,PS,TM,t-PA,PAI are important to predict the type of stroke,the seriousness of disease,the effect of treatment,prognosis of the cases and suggest that earlier treatments be important.