Objective To study the association between adults'respiratory health and elements concentrations in aerometric particulate matters and provide information about the effect of air pollution sources on human health. Methods Health question nairs were administered to 7 661 male and 7 673 female adults in 4 Chinese cities. 42 elements in particulate matters of both urban and rural areas were analyzed by XRF. The data were analyzed by using two-stage regression, the Logistic regression for the first stage and weighted linear regression for the other. Adult's respiratory health parameters were obtained by 1st stage analysis. The association of the elements in PM and adults'respiratory health parameters of 8 sites in the 4 cities was established. Odds ratios were given using the weighted linear regression model. Results Positive associations between adults'respiratory health and crust elements (Al, Ca, Fe, Si, Ti) and pollution elements (As, Ni, Cd, Pb) in PM2.5-10 or PM2.5 were found (OR=1.00-1.12). Associations of respiratory health parameters with elements in fine particle (OR=1.03-1.61) were stronger than those with elements in coarse particle (OR=1.03-1.12) in the case of the equal element concentrations. Conclusion An assumption of 'crust particle groups' was brought forward to give an explanation to the relation between crust elements and respiratory health. It assumed that the relation is an indirect one, since 'crust particle groups' in PM act as carrier of toxic matters and/or bacteria. The result points out that it should pay much attention to controlling of PM from soil as well as controlling of industrial pollution.

Several of the genetic models and environmental risk factor models were used in the animal model study in autism.The BTBR T+ Itpr3tf(BTBR) mice are an inbred strain and have emerged as strong candidates to serve as models of a range of autism-relevant behaviors, showing deficiencies in social behaviors and reduced or unusual ultrasonic vocalizations as well as increased repetitive self-grooming.There are increasing investigations targeted to ameliorating the behavioral phenotypes of autism in BTBR mice.This review briefly summarizes the advance in the research on the BTBR mice model of autism.

Objective: To analyze the relation of physical self with self-worth of university students.Methods: 1173 college students were measured by the Adolescence Physical Self Scale and Self-worth Scale.Results: On the whole university students were generally satisfied of their bodies(5.11?1.26),but there were significant difference between male and female university students in physical self,the male students had more satisfaction of physical self than female.There were significant positive correlations between physical self and self-worth,especially,the relation between appearance and self-worth was the closest;there were significant differences between higher self-worth students and lower self-worth students.Conclusion: There are significant positive correlations between physical self and self-worth,and improving college students' physical self-cognition was benefiicial to college students' self-worth.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of sitagliptin combined with metformin in treating patients with type 2 diabetes with non-alcoholic fatty liver diease (NAFLD).Methods Sixty-five patients with type 2 diabetes with non-alcoholic fatty liver admitted into our hospital from June 2012 to June 2015 were randomly divided into two groups.Thirty-three patients in control group were treated with metformin only,and thirty-two patients in observation were treated with sitagliptin combined with metformin.The changes in body mass index (BMI),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG),Hemoglobin Ale (HbAlc),homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),and liver function index including that aminopherase of alanine acid (ALT),aminopherase of aspartic acid (AST),gamma-glutamyl transterase (GGT),triglyceride (TG),and total cholesterol (TC) were detected before and after 16 weeks of treatment.And the total effective rate and safety were analyzed and compared.Results After treatment,HOMA-IR,FPG,2hPG,HbA1c,ALT,AST,GGT,TG,and TC were remarkable improvement (P ＜ 0.05),and HOMA-IR,HbA1c,AST,ALT,GGT,and TG were significantly better than those of control (P ＜ 0.05).Additionally,the total effective rate in observation group with 90.9％ was significantly higher than that of control group with 42.4％ (P ＜ 0.05).And difference in incidences of adverse effect between observation group with 15.6％ and control group with 9.1％ were not significant.Conclusion Sitagliptin combined with metformin treatment had a good ability on treating patients with type 2 diabetes with NAFLD by improvement of metabolic syndrome and liver function.

Digital subtraction angiography has long been recognized as a gold standard for detecting cerebrovascular lesions.With the development of CT techniques,CT angiography(CTA)has been widely used in intracranial and extracranial vascular evaluation.This article reviews the development of CTA technique and its application in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular lesions.

Objective To compare the curative effect of several surgical treatments for closed urethral injury.Methods A retrospective study was done on 200 cases of closed urethral injury treated with various methods from June 2002 to June 2012,including 44 cases of anterior urethral injury treated with endoscopic transurethral realignment (anterior endoscopic group),32 cases of anterior urethral injury with transperineal urethral repair (repair group),42 cases of posterior urethral injury with transperineal urethral termino-terminal anastomosis (anastomosis group),35 cases of posterior urethral injury with endoscopic transurethral realignment (posterior endoscopic group),and 47 cases of posterior urethral injury with endoscopic transurethral and transvesical realignment (combined endoscopic group).Amount of bleeding,operation time,hospital stay as well as expense,and rate of urethral stricture and erectile dysfunction (ED) in treatment of anterior and posterior urethral injury were compared respectively.Curativeeffect and merits and faults of each treatment were observed.Results Anterior endoscopic group achieved less bleeding [(10 ± 5) ml∶ (100 ± 20) ml,P ＜ 0.05],shorter operation time and hospital stay [(15 ± 6) min∶ (40 ± 15) min,(14.2 ± 1.8) min∶ (28.5 ± 1.5) min respectively,P ＜ 0.05],lower hospital expense and urethral stricture rate[(4 715.42 ± 225.43) RMB∶ (6 886.46 ± 246.78) RMB,39％ ∶ 63％ respectively,P ＜ 0.05] as compared with repair group,but there was no statistical difference in ED rate between the two groups.Whereas in anastomosis group,the most bleeding [(200 ± 30) ml],longest operation time [(60 ± 20) minutes] and hospital stay [(28.7 ± 2.3) days],and highest hospital expense [(6 964.27 ± 275.69) RMB] and urethral stricture rate (95 ％) were detected (P ＜ 0.05).Posterior endoscopic group presented less bleeding [(15 ± 6) ml∶ (50 ± 12) ml,P ＜ 0.05] and shorter operation time [(21.4 ± 1.7) min∶ (21.2 ± 1.5) min,P ＜ 0.05] as compared with combined endoscopic group,but there were no statistical differences in hospital stay as well as expense and urethral stricture rate between the two groups.Moreover,ED rate was not statistically different among anastomosis group,posterior endoscopic group and combined endoscopic group.Conclusions Endoscopic surgery is superior to traditional surgery in terms of blood loss,operation time,hospital stay,and hospital cost.Besides,urethral stricture and ED rates are closely related to the location and severity of injury.

Objective To study the clinical effect of surgery combined with antifungal drug in treatment of fungal nose-sinusitis.Methods The clinical data of 108 cases with fungal nose-sinusitis were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with nasal endoscopic sinus surgery.According to whether the patients received antifungal drugs after low-temperature plasma-assisted surgery,the patients were divided into the treatment group and the control group.The treatment group(56 cases) was given antifungal fluconazole after low-temperature plasma-assisted endoscopic sinus surgery.52 cases in the control group were washed by 0.9％ sodium chloride solution after conventional endoscopic sinus surgery.The patients were followed up for 6 months to 2 years,the therapeutic effect and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results 56 patients of the treatment group,49 cases were cured,7 cases improved,no recurrence.52 cases in the control group,47 cases were cured,improved in 4 cases,ineffective in 1 case,3 cases of recurrence.The recurrence rate of the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group (x2 =4.82,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The low-temperature plasma-assisted surgery combined with antifungal drug.in the treatment of fungal nose-sinusitis has exact efficacy,and has significant effect on the prevention and reduce the relapse rate,which worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of EUS-guided aspiration biopsy for wall-thickened gastric lesions. Methods A retrospective study was performed in 45 patients who were diagnosed as having thickened gastric wall by EUS examination.Pathological and follow-up results of routine endoscopy and EUS-guided aspiration biopsy were analyzed,with the surgical results and follow-up outcome as the golden standard.The positive rate of routine endoscopy and EUS-guided aspiration biopsy were compared. Results In routine biopsy,gastric cancer was confirmed in 6,lymphoma in 3,dysplasia in 6,Menetrier′s disease in 2 and inflammatory changes in 28.EUS-guided aspiration biopsy was conducted in 45 patients,and gastric cancer was confirmed in 18,lymphoma in 5,dysplasia in 4,Menetrier′s disease in 2 and inflammatory changes in 16.The final pathological and follow-up results confirmed 21 gastric cancer,6 lymphoma,2 dys-plasia,2 Menetrier′s disease,other tumors in 4 and inflammatory changes in 10. The accuracy rate of routine biopsy and EUS-guided aspiration biopsy was 51. 11%( 23/ 45 ) and 82. 22%( 37/ 45 )respectively. Conclusion EUS-guided aspiration biopsy can yield a higher positive rate than endoscopic biopsy.

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized with arthritis in one or more joints,fever,rash and serositis.Due to the atypical symptoms and poor prognosis,it's a great challenge in the clinical diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation in sJIA.These challenges could be addressed by the identification of clinical biomarkers,aiming at evaluating the disease severity,predicting the activity and prognosis of sJIA.This review will be focus on genetics,serum and cellular markers in sJIA and summarize the relative application on diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and sucralfate on healing of experimental gastic ulcer in rats. Methods Thirty-two famale Sprage-Dawley rats were divide into 4 groups,averagely.bFGF 100 ng?100 g -1 ?d -1 , sucralfate 40 mg?100 g -1 ?d -1 , bFGF 100 ng?100 g -1 ?d -1 + sucralfate 40 mg?100 g -1 ?d -1 and normal saline were used in experimental gastric ulcer rats induced by acetic acid for 21 days. Contents of gastric acid and pepsin were measured,and the healing rate and quality of gastric ulcer and the number of capillaries in ulcer bed were evaluated. Results The amount of gastric acid and pepsin in bFGF group had no different from those of normal saline group. The ulcer areas in bFGF group and sucralfate group were (2.9 ?0.8) mm 2 and (3.2?1.2) mm 2 respectively,which were significantly smaller than that of normal saline group (6.8? 1.4 ) mm 2, P