C-fos,one of the immediate-early genes,encodes Fos,which appears to modulate the express of more “downstream” genes and attribute to long-term changes in cellular function.Recently,c-fos has been researched on extensively and progress has been acquired greatly.This article summarizes c-fos on structure,function and the relationship to epilepsy.

Minimal residual disease (MRD) is the cause of relapse in leukemia,and its dynamic monitoring has been a hotspot yet proven to be difficult.MRD in acute B-lineage lymphoblastic leukemia has its own characteristics,normal bone marrow produces a large number of B precursor cells,easily mistaken for leukemia cells,and there were no specific gene alterations that can be conveniently detected.This paper summarizes the antibody combinations in flow cytometry,timing for surveillance and polymerase chain reaction for gene detection,and provide a reference for B lymphocytic leukemia MRD monitoring.

Apolipoprotein M-sphingosine-1-phosphate axis ( apoM-S1P axis ) signaling pathway consists of apolipoproteinM (apoM), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR).Plasma apoM belongs to lipocalinsuperfamily members , and is mainly associated to high density lipoprotein( HDL), whereas HDL-cholesterol correlates inversely with cardiovascular risk .The ability of apoM to bind S1P is due to a lipophilic binding pocket within the lipocalin structure of the apoM molecule . S1P, a bioactive mediator of phospholipid metabolism , predominantly abound in HDL among all lipoproteins.S1P can not only be used as intracellular second messengers , but also as intercellular signal molecules, activating of G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR) to mediate various physiological functions.It′s clear that apoM protects human beings from atherosclerosis .Furthermore, recent studies showed that S1P has a significant impact on atherosclerosis , and ApoM-S1P axis may play a important role in the pathogenesis or progression of atherosclerosis .

Objective To detect the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) at varied levels in pregnancy maternal serum and cord serum of patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on pregnancy outcomes, and explore whether IGF-1 could be used as a diagnostic marker for PCOS. Methods From January 2012 to December 2013, pregnancy maternal and cord serums were collected from 120 PCOS patients and 120 normal pregnant women in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of our hospital. ELISA was used to detect the levels of IGF-1, and analyze the levels of IGF-1 in different pregnancy outcomes between normal pregnant women and PCOS patients. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of IGF-1 in pregnancy maternal and cord blood were increased significantly in patients with PCOS (P< 0.05). The incidence of stillbirth, premature delivery and macrosomia was significantly higher in PCOS patients. The levels of IGF-1 in pregnancy maternal and cord serum were significantly higher in all PCOS patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion IGF-1 could be used as a risk prediction marker for pregnancy outcome in patients with PCOS.

PRDI-BFI and RIZ homology domain containing proteins (PRDM) play a key role in cell differentiation and proliferation.Most members of the PRDM gene family are tumor suppressor genes which involved in tumorigenesis and abnormal expression in a variety of tumors.Aberrant DNA methylation often silences these genes,which may occur in the early stage of tumor,Cancer can be reversed by demethylation,which provides a new way for cancer treatment.

Bone Transplantation ; Humans ; Mandible ; transplantation ; Transplantation, Homologous

As an internal environment of tumor occurrence, tumor microenvironment is composed of a variety of cells and extracellular matrix, and plays a crucial role in tumor formation, transfer and resistance to drugs. The regulation of tumor microenvironment will be a potential target to control the cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of 21 to 25 nucleotides single-stranded RNA, and are mainly involved in regulating gene expression. Recently, with the suggestion of cellular auton-omous tumor inhibition mechanism, the regulation of tumor microenvironment by miRNAs has received great attention. This review summarizes recent findings on the non-cell-autonomous mechanisms of miRNAs-mediated regulation of tumor micro-environments, which provides foundations and perspective on the design of therapeutic interventions.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the WHO gradeⅣmalignancies, which is an acentral nervous system cancer with poor prognosis unless the lesion is in the brain stem. The incidence of GBM accounts for 80%of human primary malignant tumors in brain. Only 5%GBM can survive up to 5-years. Many researches showed that Sox2 is a pluripotent regulator, and muta?tion or abnormal function of Sox2 are closely related to the development of GBM. There are studies demonstrated the possibil?ity of using Sox2 gene as apotential target for GBM therapy. This paper reviewed recent progress in GBM.

Objective On the basis of the lasted clinical experience,our group will discuss the treatmented mechanism of Chinese herb kang-xian-er-hao(KXEH) ameliorate hepatic cirrhosis. Methods Male wistar rats were divided into five groups,excepted for normal group N,the remnant four groups were all given intraperitoneal injection of porcine serum((0.5) ml/time,2 times/week,total 12 weeks).In KXEH early treatment group B,the rats were fed with KXEH by gavage,1 g/100 g,once a day at the third week.In KXRH late treatment group C,the rats were fed with KXEH by gavage,1 g/100 g,once a day at the ninth week.In ?-interferon treated group D the rats were subcutaneous injection ?-interferon((0.1) million) every day at the ninth week.The model group A and normal group N were fed with the same amount of saline by gavage.The rats were killed at the end of the twelfth weeks,the formation of liver fibrosis was observed with HE stain and Masson stain.The expression of Smooth muscle actin(SMA) was observed by immunohistochemistry.As well as SMA,collagen Ⅰ、Ⅲ mRNA and Smad3 mRNA,which is TGF-?1 downstream signal,were detected in liver samples with RT-PCR assay. Results In KXEH treated group B and C,the body weight was heavier,the size of liver and spleen was smaller and the ratio of liver weight/body weight and spleen weight/body weight was decreased compared with the model group A(P