From the third day after Wenchuan Earthquake,the Chinese government and army dispatched 90 helicopters per day to transport the wounded to Chengdu City (about 100 km away from earthquake-hit area). From 14 May to 21 May 2008, West China Hospital of Sichuan University received totally 760 wounded mainly from Wenchuan, Yingxiu, Maoxian, Beichuan, Lixian, Mianzu. Transfering patients by helicopter is characterized by rapid,flexible and non-restriction from terrain conditions.Compared with transfer on the land,injury induced during the transfer is reduced. However, the height of helicopter cabin is low,so it's difficult for doctors to carry out related treatment works. The instability during the flight also brought a lot of difficulties for the medical care.The rapid change of speed during take-off and landing caused a series of physiological changes on patients, such as thoracic pressure. Wenchuan is located in the mountains,and this also brought difficulties for the flight. The potentially savable victims,whose lives wouldn't be threatened with bad wound and wouldn't die in a short time,should be given the priority of transfer by helicopter. During the trip of transfer,the life-threatening occurrences, such as asphyxia, persistent convulsion and shock, were well prevented. At the same time, airway management, monitoring of vital signs and necessary consolation were important. After arrival at airport, the medical staff waiting at airport should watch and evaluate the patency of airway and vital signs carefully. If the airway obstruction, vital signs unstable and some other critical events are identified, the first aid at airport is essential. When patients are stable,they can be transported to the nearest hospital where the emergency treatment is available. Besides observation of patients' condition, registration of the name, age, address and the phone number of casualties should be done in the ambulance. Stick a label of the general information and the preliminary diagnosis of the patient on bare intact skin. The selection of casualties before transfer and the first aid at the airport are very important for successful short distance trip by helicopter.

The hepatocyte growth factor ( HGF) is a multifunctional growth factor, which produces multiple biological effects by binding to the c-Met acceptor. This article reviews the biological properties of HGF, particularly those correlated with male reproduction, including its abilities to promote testis embryonic development, spermatogenesis, and testosterone synthesis of Leydig cells. HGF may provide a new insight into the treatment of male hypogonadism and infertility.
Embryonic Development ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; physiology ; Humans ; Leydig Cells ; metabolism ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ; metabolism ; Reproduction ; physiology ; Spermatogenesis ; physiology ; Testis ; embryology ; Testosterone ; biosynthesis

[Summary] Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process by which the damaged organelles and macromolecules are lysosomal dependently degraded by auto‐phagocyte under the control of autophagy‐related genes. The autophagy level in hypothalamus and adipose tissue changes in obese individuals.Autophagy participates in the regulation of food intake and energy balance ,and associates with adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. More and more attention has been paid to the relationship between autophagy and obesity w hich may guide the new research direction of pathogenesis study and therapy of obesity.

AIM: To investigate the clinical effect of one-dose multiple point scanning panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in the treatment of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).METHODS:Selected 78 patients 132 eyes with NPDR in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2016,the patients were randomly divided into observation group (42 patients of 72 eyes) and control group (36 patients of 60 eyes).The observation group was given one-dose multi-point scanning PRP.The control group was given a single point scanning,3 to 4 times to complete the PRP.To observethe therapeutic effect in two groups,the average visual field threshold,the flash electroretinogram (F-ERG) a,b wave amplitude,the laser energy and so on were observed.RESULTS:The effective rate of the observation group and the control group were 84.7% and 83.3%,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).In the observation group and the control group,at 6mo after treatment,the leakage area of retinal neovascularization was lower than that before treatment (P<0.05).The visual field threshold and F-ERG a wave amplitude differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).F-ERG b wave amplitude were 221.94±70.18mV and 219.82±69.56mV in the observation group and the control group at 6mo after treatment which were significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05).The laser energy of the observation group was 541.23 ± 56.39mW,significantly higher than the control group 326.39±78.83mW (P<0.05),while the energy density was 0.34±0.14mW·ms/mm2,significantly less than the control group 2.01±0.97mW·ms/mm2(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group and the control group were 8.3% and 15.0%,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The clinical effect of multiple point scanning PRP in the treatment of NPDR is better than single point multiple PRP with advantages of lower energy density and less laser damage.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of manipulative reduction combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) using meta-analysis method, in order to provide a reference for clinical treatment.

METHODSA systematic computer-based search (from January 1987 to April 2014) from CNKI, Wanfang database, Web of Science and PubMed were performed for the collection of controlled clinical researches on manipulative reduction combined with PVP or PKP in treating OVCF. The quality of selected researches was evaluated. Meta-analysis was adopted to evaluate visual analog scale, Cobb angle, anterior height ratio of the injured vertebra.

RESULTSA total of 7 researches of 410 patients were included in the present analysis, there were 5 RCTs and 2 non-RCTs and all come from China. Manipulative reduction combined with PVP could got better improvement in Cobb angle (WMD=-7.35; 95%CI: -12.15, -2.54) and anterior height ratio of the injured vertebra (P<0.01) than simple PVP, but no significant difference was found in improvement of visual analog scale (WMD=-0.01; 95%CI: -0.45, 0.42). There were no significant differences in the improvement of visual analog scale, Cobb angle, anterior height ratio of the injured vertebra between manipulative reduction combined with PKP and simple PKP (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared with simple PVP, manipulative reduction combined with PVP may result in more clinical efficacy on the improvement of Cobb angle and anterior ratio of the injured vertebra. And compared with simple PKP, manipulative reduction combined with PKP has no obvious advantages on the improvement of visual analog scale, Cobb angle, anterior height ratio of the injured vertebra. However, the number and quality of the literatures, may resulted in the effect of mistrust, so more large sample and high-quality RCTs are needed in future.

Combined Modality Therapy ; Fractures, Compression ; therapy ; Humans ; Manipulation, Spinal ; methods ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; therapy ; Spinal Fractures ; therapy

AIM:To observe autophagic apoptosis induced by docetaxel in cervical cancer HeLa cells in vitro,and explore its potential molecular mechanism. METHODS:Cervical cancer HeLa cells in vitro were treated with docetaxel of different concentrations (1,5,10,20,40 ?g/mL) and different time (6,12,24,48,72 h). The growth inhibiting of HeLa cells was observed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay. Inverted microscope and electron microscopy were used to observe cell morphological changes. The apoptosis ratio and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry(FCM). The expression of autophagy gene Beclin 1 was examined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) technique. RESULTS:Docetaxel inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer HeLa cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner(P

A novel strain,which could use 2-hydroxypyridine (2HP) as the sole source of carbon,nitrogen,and energy,was isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil at the Liaohe estuarine wetland.Strain 2PR was identified as Arthrobacter based on the morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequence.The optimum growth and degradation condition upon 2PR is 30℃ and pH 7.0,respectively.Under this condition,2HP degradation rate were 97.34％,94.95％,94.48％ and 89.21％ with 2,4,6 and 8 mg/ml initial concentration of 2HP at 42,96,120 and 156 h,respectively.Strain growth and 2HP degradation kinetics studies indicated that the strain followed Logisitic model,which could provide a theoretical and technical reference for the biodegradation of 2HP.The color of strain 2PR culture upon 2HP-MSN changed from colorless to blue,and then turned to brown.The blue pigment,which was observed at the culture of strain 2PR,was identified as 4,5,4',5'-tetrahydroxy-3,3'-diazadiphenoquinone-(2,2') by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis.The LC-MS signal with m/z =249.1 was observed in resting cells reaction sample with 2HP as the substrate.The degradation of 2HP might be achieved by a dioxygenase to produce 2,3,6-trihydroxypyridine,which could transformed to the blue pigment spontaneously,and then 2,3,6-trihydroxypyridine was converted with an pyridine-ring cleavage reaction.Among all the reported strains,strain 2PR has the strongest tolerance and the highest 2HP degradation efficiency at present.The strain has a promising application potential for 2HP waste treatment.

Background:The efficacy of traditional medicine on ulcerative colitis (UC) is often unsatisfactory, hence development of drug based on the pathogenic mechanism of UC becomes a hot topic in the research of UC.It has been revealed in recent studies that activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is implicated as a key regulator in the immune and inflammatory responses in UC.Aims:To explore whether bortezomib, a potent proteasome inhibitor that inhibits NF-κB activation can be used for treatment of UC.Methods:Thirty-two BALB/c mice were used to induce acute experimental colitis by drinking 3%dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) freely for 7 days, and then randomly allocated into four groups injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 (low-dose group), 0.6 (medium-dose group), 1.0 mg/kg (high-dose group) bortezomib and normal saline (model control group), respectively.On the 7th day after treatment, the disease activity index (DAI) and histopathological change of colonic tissue were observed;the colitis-related parameters including peripheral blood hemoglobin (Hb), C-reactive protein (CRP) and colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured, and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Results:Compared with the model control group, the DAI, CRP, MPO activity, and injury score of colonic tissue were decreased gradually, and the Hb was increased gradually in mice treated with low-, medium-and high-dose bortezomib (P all <0.05).The efficacy of medium-and high-dose bortezomib was notable.In mice treated with medium-and high-dose bortezomib, nuclear translocation of NF-κB was inhibited obviously.Conclusions:Bortezomib can modulate the colonic inflammation in mice with experimental colitis by inhibiting NF-κB activation and subsequently improving the clinical manifestations, colitis-related parameters and tissue damage.Increasing the dosage of bortezomib in a safety range may enhance the treatment response.

Microwave ablation(MWA) is a significant progress in tumor non-surgical treatment in the 1990s.It is characterized by high thermal efficiency,fast heating rate,high uniform temperature field,complete necrosis of coagulation area and small influencing factors.The local treatment of the tumor shows a great advantage.In recent years,with the maturity of MWA technology,it has been widely used in the treatment of liver tumors(hapatic tumor,HT),has achieved good clinical efficacy.The aim of this study is to review the progress of treatment of HT in MWA to improve its therapeutic efficiency.

Objective To investigate the application of B -Learning mode in the teaching of department of burns surgery.Methods 234 students were divided into two parts by digital table method randomly.The experimental group was applied by the means of B -learning mode,while the control group was taught by the traditional way.And the results were evaluated.Results The basic theory scores(75.39 ±12.04)points in the students of experimental group were higher than those of the control group(68.27 ±12.38)points.The practice scores(76.42 ±11.89)points in the students of experimental group were higher than those of the control group(65.36 ±12.05)points.Students'professional knowledge scores(79.92 ±12.85)points in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group(71.56 ±13.01)points.Both percentage and score were higher in the experimental group than in the control group in comprehensive ability.Conclusion Blending learning gives students a potential time,environment and recourse to learn.By integrating learning ability and nursing skills improved,B -learning mode plays an important role in improving the quality of burn department internship.