This paper reports the methods of preparation of ?-BT-HRP conjugates. In the conditions of our laboratory we got this conjugate using the periodate method. Nevertheless, the conjugates were not able to be synthesized by the classical one-step and two-step glutaraldehyde methods. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that for the preparation of ?-BT-HRP the periodate method is very simple and effective

There are many causes of children cerebral infarction, including cerebrovascular malformation,autoimmune cerebrovascular phlogistic, infection, trauma and the high state of blood coagulation. Because the brain development is not mature, the children is the high-risk group of traumatic cerebral infarction. The early diagnosis of traumatic cerebral infarctions relies on the dynamic performance of the clinical observation, taking head CT or MRI quickly, especially diffusion-weighted imaging, which is more sensitive on the judgement of acute cerebral infarction period. Common sites of traumatic cerebral infarction are basal ganglia. The infarcts are usually small. Treatment on traumatic cerebral infarction must give priority to non-operation. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can provide better prognosis than adults.

General biology is a preclinical course for seven-year program students.It is important for students to grasp the fundamental ideas in the course.Holding contests of lecturing on biomedicine in postgenome era is a good application of the teaching-and-learning-through-interest technique.It aims at broadening students’vision,making students familiar with cutting-edge technologies in biology and enhancing their ability to search and read literatures,and so on.

Objective To study the effect of Nurrl gene on the differentiation of rats' marrow stromal cells(MSCs) into neurous under the co-inducement of total panax notoginserg saponins(tPNS) and all-trans-retineic acid(ATRA) by coloning the Nurrl gene and transfecting it into MSCs. Methods Expressing plasmids pcDNA3.1-hygro-Nurrl were cloned,then transfected into MSCs with lipofectamine 2000.To begin with,MSCs were subcultured into 6-wells cultured plate at about 5?10~5 cells/well density and the wells were divided into four groups randomly which were Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group,tPNS/ATRA group,Nurrl group and control group.Secondly,the plasmids were introduced to the MSCs in Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group and Nurrl group,then protein expression of Nurrl was identified with immunocytochemistry.Thirdly,after the MSCs and plasmids had been co-cultured for 48 hours,cells in Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group and tPNS/ATRA group were induced with BME in advance then with tPNS/ATRA in due form.For cells in Nurrl and control group,the only difference was that tPNS/ATRA was replaced with the culture.Finally we compared the different percentage of positive cells in four groups with TH,AChE and GABA antibodies by immunocytochemistry method. Results The immunocytochemical test showed that the MSCs transfected with Nurrl gene expressed Nurrl protein.The percentage of positive cells of TH antibody in Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group was(38.4?4.6)% distinctly higher than that of tPNS/ATRA group,which was(5.9?3.4)%.Conclusion With tPNS/ATRA induced and immunocytochemistry of TH,positive cells percentage in Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group was higher than that in tPNS/ATRA group,which showed a statistic difference.And the inducing function of tPNS and ATRA in MSCs differentiating into neurons was definite.

Thirteen albino rats with body weight approximately from 0.4～0.6 kg were used in the experiment. Each was injected with 0.1 ?l of 30％ HRP (Sigma Type Ⅵ) solution into one of several portions of the cingulate gyrus. Two days after the injection, the animals were sacrificed and processed with Nauta's DAB and Edward's O-D methods. The results were as follows:1. Area 25 and 32 receive the fibers from areas 3, 1, 2 and globus pallidus on the ipsilateral side, and from areas 10, and 24, caudoputamen nucleus, lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus, intercavernous nucleus of the stria terminalis on both sides. The labeled cells were also found in areas 25 and 32 on contralateral side.2. Area 24 receives fibers from area 32 and the lateral part of the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus on the ipsilateral side, and from area 10, the anterior olfactory nucleus, caudoputamen nucleus, and septal nucleus on both sides and from areas 4 and 24 on the contralateral side.3. Areas 23 and 29 receive the fibers from areas 24,17, and 18 on the ipsilateral side, and from areas 23,29,32,25 and rostral part of the linear nucleus on the contralateral side.The results prove that the cingulate area widely receives the afferent fibers from cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and midbrain.

Objective To understand AIDS related knowledge and behaviors among female sex workers(FSWs) and their male clients from the same community.Methods One hundred and seventy seven FSWs and one hundred and fifty four male clients were recruited from entertainment venues in the same community by random sampling,and anonymous questionnaires were administered separately.Results(1)Over 80% of FSWs and their male clients understood the basic routes of HIV transmission,but many of them were unclear about non-HIV transmission routes.(2)97.7% of FSWs and 84.2% of the male clients used condoms during their commericial sexual intercourse.The frequency of using condoms during sex with casual or regular sex partners was lower than that during the commercial sexual intercourse(P

Objective To explore the role of Hippo pathway in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD),and find potential targets for drug therapy.Methods By means of immunofluorescence staining,Western blotting,Real-time PCR,the differences of sublocalization,expression and phosphorylation level about Hippo pathway molecules in Han:SPRD (cy/+) and ADPKD patients compared with the control were observed.Knockdown Yes kinaseassociated protein (YAP),transcriptional coactivator with PDZ binding motif (TAZ) and large tumor suppressor kinase1 (LATS1) in cystic lining epithelium cell line WT9-12 were took by siRNA interference,and then their effects on cell proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed.Results In cystic lining epithelium of Han:SPRD(cy/+),decreased expression of LATS1 and increased expression of YAP were found compared with the control,and the immunofluorescence of YAP was distributed both in cytoplasm and nucleus,while distribution and expression level of TAZ were without significant variance.Abnormal mRNA expressions of Hippo pathway components in ADPKD patients were found (P ＜ 0.05).Down-regulation of LATS1 in WT9-12 cells could prohibit phosphorylation of YAP,and prompted proliferation and cell division.Knockdown YAP in WT9-12 cells could inhibited cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle in G0/G1 phase,but down-regulating TAZ showed no significant differences in proliferation and cell cycle.Conclusions Altered Hippo signaling exists in ADPKD,and YAP activation may be one leading cause of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease onset.In vitro,knockdown YAP in WT9-12 cells can inhibit cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle and depressing cell division,suggesting the expression level and activity of YAP are potential targets for ADPKD treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effects of Yiweikang(YWK)capsule on gastric mucosa of the model rats with gastritis and gastric ulcer.METHODS:The experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups:YWK high-dosage group,YWK moderate-dosage group,YWK low-dosage group,positive control group(treated with drenched cime?tidine capsule,0.1g/kg),and negative control group(provided with drenched isovolumic distilled water or sodium chloride)in order to observe the effects of YWK for excitable gastric ulcer in mice and gastric ulcer in rats induced by alcohol and pylorus-ligature.RESULTS:Compared with the negative controls,gastric acid,gastric juice and ulcer indices in YWK group declined,most significantly in high-dosage group.CONCLUSION:YWK in oral administration has preventive effects for excitable ulc_ er,alcohol induced ulcer and pylorus-ligature induced ulcer.It also can help the recovery of gastric mucosa of ulcer model rats.

Aging changes in acetylcholinesterase positive (AChE-P) neurons of the globus pallidus were investigated histochemically and morphometrically in young (3 months old) and old (24 months old) Spragur-Dawley male rats. The number of the positive neurons in the old group is decreased by 11.8％ in comparison with the young group. The total process length of the AChE-P neurons in the young rat is approximately 1.4 times as that in the old rat. The length of about 8.6％ of the positive neurons in the old group, however, exceeds the average length of AChE-P cellls in the young group (232.1 ?m). In the old rat, the gray value of AChE-P neurons of the globus pallidus is notably higher than that in the young rat, but the value of nearly 6.8％ of the positive cells in 24-month-old rat is inferior to the average value in 3-month-old rat (117.8). The transverse dimensions of AChE-P cell bodies in the old group are increased by 9.2％ as compared to those in the young group. Morphological observations show that most of AChE-P neurons in the old rat globus pallidus represent a typical degenerative alterations, while a substantial number of the positive neurons in the old animal are characterized by enlarged bodies, strong histochemical reaction as well as dense processes and their branches. The above findings indicate that, in the old rat, a decline of AChE histochemical reactivity and the morphological degeneraton of AChE-P neurons with the advanced age do not occur synchronously in all the AChE-P neurons of the globus pallidus. Therefore, it is suggested that there probably exist a compensative mechanism in senescence of the globus pallidus.

To study on the four natures (cold, hot, warm, and cool) of Chinese materia medica (CMM) is a central and knotty issue in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and no substantial progress has been made so far, which is an obstacle in the course for the modernization of TCM. By application of apoptosis for researching the four natures of CMM, the relationship between the biological efficiency and apoptosis has been explained in a qualitative and quantitative way. A pattern recognition system for the four natures of CMM has been set up in a molecular level. That is a breakthrough to measure the four natures of CMM. Based on the abundant literatures at home and abroad, and the study done as well, the original thinking and fresh viewpoint on the orientation and development for the four natures of CMM have been put forward and then the explanation and prospective analysis on them have been carried out.