Viral encephalitis is a common pediatric infectious disease of the nervous system,the correct diagnosis, treatment and quality control has always been a challenge;America, British, European, Australia had issued guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of encephalitis in 2008-2015 ,which had important reference value for guiding clinicians dealing with viral encephalitis, this article integrated above guides and introduced the definition, classification, etiology, accessory examination, handling procedures and treatment of viral encephalitis in children, and the quality control program in the diagnosis and treatment of viral encephalitis in children was preliminarily discussed.

Bone remains the predominant site of metastasis in advanced breast cancer. Bone metastases dramatically decrease the quality of life. Moreover, pathologic fractures and other skeletal-related events (SREs) caused by bone metastases could result in higher mortality risk in patients with breast cancer. Palliative radiotherapy is a crucial element in bone metastases treatment. The present review discusses the emerging evidence in bone metastases of breast cancer, focusing on optimized radiotherapy strategies and multidisciplinary management.

Objective To explere the curative effects of L-carnitine on neonates with myocardial injury caused by asphyxia.Methods Ninety-one neonates with myocardial injury caused by asphyxia were randomly divided into L-carnitine treatment group(48 cases) and control group(43 cases).The patients in control group were received routine treatment;the patients in treatment group were given L-carnitine 0.1 g/(kg?d) on the basis of routine treatment for 10 days.Symptoms and physical signs were observed pretreatment and during the time of therapy.Before and after the treatment,serum MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were mea-sured with immunosuppression and enzyme rate respectively,and serum albumin and prealbumin were detected with the method of bromcresol green chromatometry and immunoturbidimetry,respectively.Results Clinical effective rate of the treatment group(91.67%)was higher than that of control group(74.42%)(P

Objective:To draw a mapping knowledge domains of research status and trend in counseling and psychotherapy field from 2001 to 2014 by Bicomb software.Methods:CNKI,Wan Fang,VIP were searched and re-trieval time ranged from January 1,2001 to December 31,2014.Bicomb and SPSS20.0 software were applied to conduct co-word matrix,similarity matrix and multidimensional scaling.Results:Setting 30 and more as the fre-quency standard,60 high frequency keywords were abstracted after analyzing 6546 articles.Cluster analysis showed that studies about counseling and psychotherapy mainly focus on seven categories including the effectiveness of counseling and psychotherapy,children and adolescents'mental health and counseling,the localization of counseling and psychotherapy,the process of counseling and psychotherapy,counseling and treatment principles,relationships of psychotherapy and ideological work in colleges as well as theories and practices in counseling and psychotherapy field.The mapping knowledge domain showed that four aspects of high frequency keywords in counseling and psy-chotherapy field basically correspond to the 7 categories made by cluster analysis.Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that psychological counseling and treatment development of our country is still in the stage of investi-gating effect.Future researches should attach importance to the integration research of psychological counseling and ideological and political education in colleges,the rise and development of internet psychological counseling and the development of children and adolescent mental health.

Objective To investigate the results of laparoscopy and small incision splenectomy in the treatment of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP). Methods Under CO2 pneumoperitoneum, laparoscopy and small incision splenectomy was performed in 13 patients . After freeing of the spleen with laparoscopy , we performed a small incision under the left costal margin. The splenic pedicle was 1-igated under direct vision, and the spleen was excised and extracted. Analysis was made of the pre-and post-operative platelet counts, and the complication rate and recovery condition of the patients. Results No complications occurred in the 13 palients, and the effect-iveness of ITP treatment was 100%.Conclusions Laparoscopy and small incision splenectomy is a safe and effective method to treat ITP.

A new, convenient, and rapid method for kinetic measurement of human fibrinolysis was established. The alteration of absorbance (A) in the process of blood coagulation and lyses was automatically scanned and recorded using a UV2000 spectrophotometer connected to a computer. The parameters of human fibrinolysis kinetics were established. Urokinase at 20 U/mL was the optimal concentration used. There was significant difference in fibrinolysis kinetics and plasma plasminogen concentration between 22 normal subjects and 27 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (P<0.05 and <0.01 respectively). The coefficience of variation was (5.24+/-1.51)%. This method could also be used to measure the plasma fibrinogen concentration at the same time. It was concluded that this method was stable and was capable of providing dynamic, direct experimental data and multiparemeters for clinicians. It was also valuable in evaluating the anti-and pro-fibrinolytic capcity of patients' plasmas, allowing for monitoring of therapy, choice of drugs and adjustment of drug concentrations.

AIM:To explore the roles of Akt ( also called protein kinase B ) and active caspase-3 in the leptin-mediated chronic morphine antinociceptive tolerance in rats .METHODS: A model of chronic morphine antinociceptive tolerance was established in the SD rats .The protein levels of spinal Akt and cleaved caspase-3 were tested by Western blotting.The technique of immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the immunoreactivity positive cells of phospho -rylated ( p)-Akt and cleaved caspase-3 in the spinal cord .Double staining of immunohistochemistry was used to examine the cellular location of the p-Akt and cleaved caspase-3 positive cells.RESULTS: The chronic intrathecal injection of morphine (15 μg) for 7 d markedly upregulated the spinal protein levels of p-Akt and cleaved caspase-3 in the rats.Thirty min before injection of morphine , intrathecal injection of leptin antagonist (3μg) for 7 d significantly attenuated the upreg-ulation of the protein levels of p-Akt and cleaved caspase-3 induced by chronic morphine treatment .The p-Akt was exclu-sively observed in the spinal neurons .The cleaved caspase-3 was only localized with the spinal astrocytes .Intrathecal injec-ting the inhibitors of leptin , Akt and caspase-3 ameliorated the chronic antinociceptive tolerance .CONCLUSION: The spinal Akt pathway and active caspase-3 are involved in the leptin-mediated chronic morphine antinociceptive tolerance in rats.

Objective To detect amniotic fluid ABH blood group substances and ABO blood group genotype by the polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers(PCR-SSP) to increase the prenatal diagnosis of fetal ABO blood group .Methods 53 pregnant women with gestational age 16 -25 weeks were selected .Amniotic fluid was extracted for detecting ABH blood group substances by the serological indirect agglutinating reaction ;the amniotic fluid cells were separated for extracting DNA .Then the PCR-SSP technique was adopted to analyze the ABO blood group genotypes .Results 16 specimens of amniotic fluid were non-se-creting type phenotype(30 .2% ) and 37 specimens of amniotic fluid were secreting type phenotype (69 .8% );48 specimens of amni-otic fluid were detected out the ABO blood group genotype by the PCR-SSP method .ABO blood group of fetal amniotic fluid cells by the gene identification was consistent to the detection results of amniotic fluid secreting type ABH blood group substances .Con-clusion The PCR-SSP technique can accurately detect the fetal amniotic fluid cells ABO blood group .

Objective To establish an expression system of TCR?9/?2-Fc protein by baculovirus vector expression system and identify biological function of expressed TCR?9/?2-Fc protein.Methods ?9Fc and ?2(OT3)Fc gene fragments were amplified by overlap PCR and inserted into expression vector pBACp10ph.The recombinant plasmid pBACp10ph-?9/?2(OT3)-Fc and the baculovirus DNA were co-transfected into sf9 cells.The expression position of TCR?9/?2(OT3)-Fc was identified by Western blot and the expression efficiency of ?9Fc and ?2(OT3)Fc was tested by flow cytometry(FCM).Furthermore,the binding activity of TCR?9/?2(OT3)-Fc protein with SKOV3 cells and MNS protein was evaluated with laser scanning confocal microslopy and surface plasmon resonance(SPR).Results The recombinant vector pBACp10ph-?9/?2(OT3)-Fc was constructed and TCR?9/?2(OT3)-Fc protein was expressed in sf9 cells.However,the expression efficiency of ?9Fc and ?2(OT3)Fc was quite different.It was proved that purified TCR?9/?2(OT3)-Fc protein can bind with SKOV3 cell and MNS protein.Conclusion TCR?9/?2-Fc protein is successfully expressed in baculovirus vector expression system and TCR?9/?2-Fc protein can simulate the binding activity of TCR in vitro.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the hs-c-reactive protein and the severity of coronary artery disease.Methods All the 67 patients underwent coronary angiography and measured risk factors,the Gensini score was used to determine the results of the coronary angiography.The t test,One-Way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis were used to predict hs-CRP.Results Coronary artery disease group hs-CRP levels were significantly higher than those in non-coronary artery disease group(P