The recent data on drinking water contamination suggest that pollutions caused by various treatments and consumption behaviors have been a universal public health problem. Contaminants come from materials for supply disinfections purifications secondary water supply system containers for preparation and storage. Overall management and control should be taken to prevent drinking water pollutions including replacement of hazard materials for water supply application of qualified disinfectors and purificants consumption of safety health container. The government should constitute and revise the related laws and regulations to supervise the whole process of water supply and treatment productions and distributions of disinfectors,purificants and drinking water containers.

ObjectiveToinvestigatethecorrelationbetweentheetiologicsubtypeandoutcomein patients w ith non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events (NICE). Methods The consecutive patients w ith NICE admitted to hospital within 7 days after onset were enroled prospectively and folowed for 90 days. Etiologic subtypes w ere classified according to the Chinese Ischemic Stroke Subclassification (CISS). Good outcome w as defined as modified Rankin Scale score 0-2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis w as used to identify the independent risk factors for stroke recurrence and poor outcomes. Results A total of 162 patients with NICE were enroled. According to CISS, 76 (46.9%) were classified into large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), 54 (33.3%) into penetrating artery disease (PAD), 15 (9.3%) into cardiogenic stroke (CS), 11 (6.8%) into undetermined etiology (UE), and 6 (3.7%) into other etiology (OE). A total of 30 patients (18.5%) had recurrent stroke w ithin 90 days and 42 (25.9%) had poor outcomes. The proportions of patients w ith diabetes (46.7%vs.20.5%;χ2 =8.885, P=0.003), previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (46.7%vs.25.0%;χ2 =5.572, P=0.018), CS (20.0%vs.6.8%;Fisher exact test:P=0.036) in the stroke recurrence group w ere significantly higher than those in the non-stroke recurrence group, and the proportion of PAD patients in the stroke recurrence group w as significantly low er than that in the non -stroke recurrence group ( 16.7%vs.37.1%; χ2 =4.602, P=0.032 ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis show ed that diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 2.137, 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.359-4.187;P=0.004) and CS (OR 5.236, 95%CI 2.326-10.256; P<0.001) w ere the independent risk factors for recurrent stroke of NICE. The proportions of patients w ith hypertension ( 83.3%vs.61.7%; χ2 =6.635, P=0.010 ), diabetes (40.5%vs.20.0%;χ2 =6.900, P=0.009), atrial fibrilation (35.7%vs.14.2%;χ2 =9.113, P=0.003) and CS ( 19.0%vs.5.8%; Fisher exact test: P= 0.017 ) in the poor outcome group w ere significantly higher than those in the good outcome group, and the proportion of PAD patients ( 16.7%vs. 39.2%;χ2 =7.088, P=0.008) in the poor outcome group w as significantly low er than that in the good outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis show ed that diabetes ( OR 2.257, 95%CI 1.209-3.687; P=0.010), atrial fibrilation (OR 3.137, 95%CI 1.359-6.107, P=0.002), and CS (OR 6.123, 95%CI 2.026-12.256, P<0.001) w ere the independent risk factors for poor outcomes in patient w ith NICE. Conclusions The etiologic subtype is associated w ith the poor outcomes and recurrent stroke, and can provide reference for recurrence and clinical outcome assessment in patients w ith NICE.

Objective To explore the clinical guiding value of spiral computed tomography(SCT)with three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction(3-DCT)in percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP).Methods 24 patients prepared to be treated with PKP were examined under 3-DCT before the treatment.Results According to the contra-indications shown by 3-DCT,11 patients' operation were cancelled;the others were treated with PKP and got good outcomes due to the accurate data provided by 3-DCT.Conclusion SCT plays an important role in PKP.

Lipoxygenase ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Teratogens

Purpose:To study the therapeutic effects of beta-ultrasound guided percutaneous alternating cryogenic- heating therapy(ACHT) through liver puncture combined with other regional therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods:68 patients with advanced hepatocelluar carcinomas were divided into 4 groups.Group A,17 patients are treated with ACHT plus transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE).Group B,16 patients were treated with ACHT plus intravenous chemotherapy;GroupC,19 patients were treated with TACE only;GroupD,16 patients were treated with in- travenous chemotherapy only.Results:In ACHT+TACE group,the rate of complete response(CR) plus partial response (PR) was 88.2%,the 0.5-,1-year survival rates were 94.1%,94.1%,the rate of AFP decreased was 84.6%.In ACHT+ ICT group,the rate of complete response(CR) plus partial response(PR) was 87.5%,the 0.5-,1-year survival rates were 87.5%,68.8%,the rate of AFP decreased was 78.6%.In the TACE group,the rate of complete response(CR) plus par- tial response(PR) was 57.6%,the 0.5-,1-year survival rates were78.9%,42.1%,the rate of AFP decreased was 69.2%. In ICT group,the rate of complete response(CR) plus partial response(PR) was 25.0%,the 0.5-,1-year survival rates were 50.0%,18.8%,the rate of AFP decreased was 41.7%.For CR+PR,ACHT+TACE group and ACHT+ICT group were significantly higher than TACE group and ICT group,but significant changes between ACHT+TACE group and ACHT +ICT group were not found.For survival rates,ACHT+TACE group was significantly higher than the other 3 groups, ACHT+ICT group was significantly higher than ICT group.There were no serious side effects after chemotherapy except that 5 patients' leucocytes decreased to degree Ⅲ.The postoperative complications after ACHT included bleeding,hemoglo- binuria and reactive thoracic,which disappeared after short term treated.Conclusions:Alternating cryogenic-heating therapy (ACHT) through liver puncture combined with other regional therapy is effective in treating advanced hepatocellular carci- noma and its side effects and postoperative complications are mild.

OBJECTIVE To understand the status quo for hospital infection hospital infection to provide a scientific basis. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was taken combined with the hospital bedside investigation and records investigation. RESULTS In 1033 cases,the prevalence rate was 3.87%,and the infected sites were the respiratory site,superficial incision,skin and soft tissue. Utilization rate of anti-bacterial drugs was 60.31%,the pathagen detection rate before treatment was low only 7.73%. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence rate survey method is simple and reliable,it may be the basic reflect of hospital infection. Further strengthening the management of invasive operations,regulateing the rational use of antibiotics status quo,improving the detection rate of pathogens and reduceing preventive medication and antibiotic usage are all evitable.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.24.014

In recent years,traditional English teaching has been greatly affected by network platform.As SMMU has been trying to perfect the Online English Writing Course,the questionnaire completed by the students taking the course shows that the course designs have proved effective in the improvement of research-based learning.

Objective In order to improve the diagnostic level of Crohn's disease( CD),the relevant literatures with CD in China were reviewed and the causes of misdiagnosis about CD were analyzed. Methods Papers on CD published in medical journals from 1989 to 2003 in CMCC and VIP are collected and reviewed one by one, and then the characteristics of the misdiagnosed and missed CD were recorded and the causes of these cases were analyzed. Results From 1989 to 2003, there are 428 papers about CD, of which 261 papers are about clinical studies(60.9%); In these papers, total of 3397 CD cases were reported. In these cases there are 2357 cases missed, clinical symptoms are various and complex including abdomen pain (62.5%),diarrhea(51.5%), abdomenal lumps(16.6%) and so on. The most commonly involved sites of CD are terminal ileum (62.5%), colon (26.9%) and ileum combining with colon (38.9%). Cranulomas were identified in 61.2% of operative specimens and in 27.6% of biopsy specimens. The most common missed diagnosed diseases are intestinal tuberculosis(32. 2% ), simplex intestinal block (23.2%) and intestinal block caused by tumor(6.4%) and acute appenditis(27. 9% ). There are 389 cases misdiagnosed as CD, the most common diseases are tuberculosis(53.5%), small intestinal lymphoma(14.4%) and colonal cancer (17.0%). Conclusion Papers on CD are increased gradually during the periods from 1989 to 2003 with rather high missed or misdiagnosis. As a result, it is necessary for us to improve the cognitzability on CD and to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

The strain Streptomyces sp.,nominated IMB-14,was isolated from the soil sample of WuDang Mountain by the method of cellulose ester membrane filter.The studies on antibiotic activities,morphological characteristics,cultural characteristics,physiological characteristics,16S rDNA sequence analysis and the metabolite of strain IMB-14 showed that the strain IMB-14 was accordance with Streptomyces xanthoci-dicus.The study on the isolation and identification of strain Streptomyces xanthocidicus establishes a foundation on screening of novel antibacterial and antitumor agents.