Purpose: : The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of stroke and related factors and thereby to provide fundamental data for the prevention and management of stroke. Methods : This study is a secondary analysis based on the raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for the years 2011 and 2021. The subjects of the study were 5,350 people in 2011 and 4,687 people in 2021 aged 30 years and older. Analysis method was frequency analysis, complex samples Chi-square test, complex samples logistic regression analysis. Results : In 2011, the factors associated with stroke prevalence were gender, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, maternal diabetes, subjective health conditions, depressed more than 2 weeks, activity limitations, drinking, and Stress recognition. In 2021, the factors included age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, paternal hyperlipidemia, maternal stroke, paternal diabetes, subjective health conditions, depressed more than 2 weeks, activity limitations, smoking present, and Stress recognition. Conclusion : To control the factors related to stroke prevalence, it is necessary to make active interventions for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, such as medical treatment at healthcare institutions and individual treatment and preventive activities. Additionally, it is necessary to apply age-specific management programs, participate in health management programs, and receive psychological counseling to manage health related factors. Individuals, who have parental history of hypertension, stroke, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes, should receive selective screening and actively manage health behaviors and dietary habits in order to prevent stroke.

Purpose: : The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of stroke and related factors and thereby to provide fundamental data for the prevention and management of stroke. Methods : This study is a secondary analysis based on the raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for the years 2011 and 2021. The subjects of the study were 5,350 people in 2011 and 4,687 people in 2021 aged 30 years and older. Analysis method was frequency analysis, complex samples Chi-square test, complex samples logistic regression analysis. Results : In 2011, the factors associated with stroke prevalence were gender, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, maternal diabetes, subjective health conditions, depressed more than 2 weeks, activity limitations, drinking, and Stress recognition. In 2021, the factors included age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, paternal hyperlipidemia, maternal stroke, paternal diabetes, subjective health conditions, depressed more than 2 weeks, activity limitations, smoking present, and Stress recognition. Conclusion : To control the factors related to stroke prevalence, it is necessary to make active interventions for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, such as medical treatment at healthcare institutions and individual treatment and preventive activities. Additionally, it is necessary to apply age-specific management programs, participate in health management programs, and receive psychological counseling to manage health related factors. Individuals, who have parental history of hypertension, stroke, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes, should receive selective screening and actively manage health behaviors and dietary habits in order to prevent stroke.

Purpose: : The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of stroke and related factors and thereby to provide fundamental data for the prevention and management of stroke. Methods : This study is a secondary analysis based on the raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for the years 2011 and 2021. The subjects of the study were 5,350 people in 2011 and 4,687 people in 2021 aged 30 years and older. Analysis method was frequency analysis, complex samples Chi-square test, complex samples logistic regression analysis. Results : In 2011, the factors associated with stroke prevalence were gender, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, maternal diabetes, subjective health conditions, depressed more than 2 weeks, activity limitations, drinking, and Stress recognition. In 2021, the factors included age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, paternal hyperlipidemia, maternal stroke, paternal diabetes, subjective health conditions, depressed more than 2 weeks, activity limitations, smoking present, and Stress recognition. Conclusion : To control the factors related to stroke prevalence, it is necessary to make active interventions for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, such as medical treatment at healthcare institutions and individual treatment and preventive activities. Additionally, it is necessary to apply age-specific management programs, participate in health management programs, and receive psychological counseling to manage health related factors. Individuals, who have parental history of hypertension, stroke, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes, should receive selective screening and actively manage health behaviors and dietary habits in order to prevent stroke.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ego-resilience and stress coping styles on college adaptation in nursing students. METHOD: The sample for this study consisted of 1st and 2nd year students from 3 colleges of nursing, one each, in Jeolla, Chungcheong, and Gyeongsang Provinces. The data were collected from November 5 to 22, 2010. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multiple regression with SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: A positive correlation was found for college adaptation with stress coping styles and ego-resilience. The strongest predictor of college adaptation was an optimistic attitude. In addition optimistic attitude, satisfaction with nursing as a major, confidence, academic scores, age, emotional control, and gender accounted for 63.3% of variance in college adaptation. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that development of stress coping and ego-resilience in nursing students is important to college adaptation. Further research in improving ego-resilience and stress coping is warranted.
Humans ; Students, Nursing

Background: : In the case of simulation practice, if the visual information obtained through observation is described in text along with video observation learning, students will be able to reinforce their memory of the acquired content, promote the learning process, and further enhance nursing performance skills. The purpose of this study was to confirm the effectiveness of communication training through observational learning and recording of simulation practice videos and to provide basic data for developing strategies to improve learning effects. Methods: : We conducted a simulation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient nursing with fourth-year students in the department of nursing at University B in A City. The described communication contents while watching a video of a colleague’s team’s implementation in real time, were analyzed by content analysis method. Results: : In this study, nursing students have an opportunity to think critically by recording their judgments on effective or ineffective situations in therapeutic communication with patients, information transfer, and cooperative communication between professionals and used it for reflection and application. Conclusion : Creating a structured observation sheet while observing the simulation situation of a peer team in real time is a way to reinforce the memory of the learned content by allowing more focus on observational learning and elaborate processing of visual information through recording.

Purpose: : Efficiently preventing adult obesity, which is associated with various physical and psychological complications, requires identifying demographic, disease, and health-related characteristics of Korean adult males with a high prevalence of obesity. Methods: : This study conducted a secondary analysis of raw data from the 7th 3rd year of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, administered by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, utilizing a composite sample design. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of obesity among 2,716 adult males aged 19 years and older. Results: : The findings revealed that age (p=.026), diagnosed hypertension (p=.001), diagnosed dyslipidemia (p=.016), weight change over 1 year (p=.014), weight gain over 1 year (p<.001), and frequency of strength training per week (p=.006) were significant predictors of obesity in Korean adult men. The model demonstrated a good fit (Nagelkerke R2 =.198, p<.001). Conclusion : Based on the identified predictors of obesity among Korean adult males in this study, it is hoped that practical countermeasures can be implemented to reduce and prevent obesity rates. Future research should address the limitations of secondary data analysis by exploring a wider range of comorbidities, dietary and exercise habits, occupational settings, and related socioeconomic and psychological factors in adult men with obesity.

PURPOSE: The study was undertaken to investigate effects of decision making competency, nursing professionalism and job satisfaction on turnover impulse, and identify factors contributing to turnover impulse among nurses. METHODS: The study was a descriptive study with 231 nurses from 4 general tertiary hospitals participating. Data were collected during March, 2013 using a structured self-report questionnaire. Decision making competency, nursing professionalism, and job satisfaction were measured with validated instruments, and turnover impulse was measured with one question using a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. RESULTS: The significant predictors of turnover impulse among nurses were professionalism (beta=-0.18, p=.015) and job satisfaction (beta=-0.18, p=.009). These variables explained 12% of the variance in turnover impulse among nurses. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that nursing managers need to put efforts in improving nurses' job satisfaction and to develop plans to increase nursing professionalism in order to reduce nurses' turnover impulse.
Decision Making* ; Job Satisfaction* ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tertiary Care Centers

BACKGROUND: Dental caries is one of several prevalent oral diseases caused by dental plaque biofilms. This study evaluated the anti-cariogenic effects of a bamboo salt (BS) and sodium fluoride (NaF) mixture on oral bacteria.METHODS: The effects of several mixtures of NaF and BS on acid production, growth, and adhesion to glass beads of Streptococcus mutans, and their anti-cariogenic properties were investigated. The growth of S. mutans was measured according to optical density at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 hours after treatment using spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 600 nm, while pH was measured using a pH meter. Adhesion of S. mutans was measured according to the weight of glass beads from each group before and after incubation. Gene expression was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Acid production and growth patterns of S. mutans were compared using repeated measures analysis of variance, followed by Scheffe's post-hoc test. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare adhesion, followed by the Mann–Whitney test. Gene expression in the experimental and control samples was compared using the Student's t-test.RESULTS: Growth, acid production, and adhesion of S. mutans were inhibited in all experimental groups. Expression of gft and fructosyltransferase in S. mutans was inhibited in all groups. A mixture of NaF and BS significantly reduced growth, acid production, adhesion, and gene expression of S. mutans compared with the other groups.CONCLUSION: Results of the present study demonstrated that a mixture of NaF and BS was useful as a mouth rinse in preventing dental caries.
Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Dental Caries ; Dental Plaque ; Gene Expression ; Glass ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Mouth ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sodium Fluoride ; Sodium ; Spectrophotometry ; Streptococcus mutans

The present study is aimed to assess the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on Streptococcus mutans biofilm through teeth whitening light emitting diode (LED).
Planktonic and dynamic biofilm state cultures of S. mutans were used. Erythrosine 20 μM/L was used as the photosensitizer. Irradiation was performed by exposing cultures to clinic and homecare whitening LEDs for 15 minutes. The viability was measured through Colony Forming Unit counts and confocal laser scanning microscopy.
aPDT using whitening LEDs and erythrosine significantly decreased the CFU count of S. mutans compared to that in the control group. Dynamic biofilm group showed more resistant features to aPDT compared with planktonic state. Clinic and homecare whitening LED device showed similar antimicrobial effect.
The whitening LED, which could irradiate the entire oral arch, showed a significant photodynamic effect on cariogenic S. mutans biofilm. aPDT mediated by erythrosine and LEDs used for teeth whitening exhibited promising antimicrobial activity.

This study is aimed to evaluate and compare the surface roughness and microbial adhesion to alkasite restorative material (Cention N), resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), and composite resin. And to examine the correlation between bacterial adhesion and surface roughness by different finishing systems.
Specimens were fabricated in disk shapes and divided into four groups by finishing methods (control, carbide bur, fine grit diamond bur, and white stone bur). Surface roughness was tested by atomic force microscope and surface observation was performed by scanning electron microscope. Colony forming units were measured after incubating Streptococcus mutans biofilm on specimens using CDC biofilm reactor.
Cention N surface roughness was less than 0.2 μm after finishing procedure. Control specimens of resin and Cention N specimens were significantly (p = 0.01) rougher. Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC = 0.13) indicated a weak correlation between surface roughness and S. mutans adhesion to the specimens.
Compared with resin specimens, RMGI and Cention N showed lower microbial adhesion. Surface roughness and bacterial adhesion were not significantly different, regardless of the finishing systems.