Objective:To summarize the characteristics of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging in adult patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM). Methods:18F-FDG PET/CT imaging data and clinical data of 5 IM patients (all males, age 18-77 years) detected in the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from July 2015 to July 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Distribution of lymphatic tissues in the lesions (lymph nodes, tonsils, bone marrow, liver, etc) and 18F-FDG radioactive uptake in the lesions were analyzed semiquantitatively. Results:In 5 patients with IM, the volume of superficial lymph nodes (mainly distributed in the neck, axilla, and groin lymph nodes) and deep lymph nodes (mainly distributed in the mediastinum, hilum of lung, abdominal cavity and posterior abdominal cavity) increased to varying degrees, as well as the FDG uptake. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) of superficial lymph nodes were 1.2-7.3, and those of deep lymph nodes were 3.5-9.7. All patients showed diffuse uptake of FDG in bone marrow, with SUV max of 3.0-7.9. All patients had pharyngeal tonsillar enlargement and FDG uptake increasing, with SUV max of 1.7-13.4. Compared with patients with lymphoma, IM patients had more organ involvement and relatively lower radioactive uptake. Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features of IM can help the diagnosis of IM.

ObjectiveTo explore the application law of compound prescriptions containing Coptidis Rhizoma to diabetes and its complications based on data mining. MethodA total of 288 records on formulas containing Coptidis Rhizoma in the treatment of diabetes and its complications and the corresponding syndromes and symptoms were retrieved from the medical records of modern physicians， with 218 on the treatment of diabetes and 70 on the treatment of diabetes complications. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform （V3.0） was used or data mining on the compositions of the formulas. Moreover， it was employed for the frequency statistics， formula analysis， symptom analysis， association rules analysis， network visualization， and cluster analysis. ResultThe 218 formulas containing Coptidis Rhizoma for the treatment of diabetes involved 190 Chinese medicinals. A total of 12 syndromes showed the occurrence frequency ≥ 6， and the one with the highest frequency was deficiency of both qi and yin， followed by the syndrome of excessive heat in lung and stomach， syndrome of Yin deficiency and effulgent fire， and syndrome of excessive heat and fluid consumption. The dose of Coptidis Rhizoma for the treatment of diabetes ranged from 1.5-30 g， and the most frequently used doses were 10， 6， and 5 g. The medicinal was frequently applied for the traditional Chinese medicine symptoms of dry stool， dry mouth and tongue， and swift digestion with rapid hungering. Moreover， 26 core medicinal pairs， 17 association rules， 3 diagrams on medicinal relationship， and 3 core combinations were yielded. The 70 formulas containing Coptidis Rhizoma for the treatment of diabetes complications involved 184 Chinese medicinals， and the top 3 complications were diabetic nephropathy， diabetic peripheral neuropathy， and diabetic gastroenteropathy. The dose of Coptidis Rhizoma in the treatment of diabetes complications fell in the range of 2-15 g， and 10， 6， and 5 g were most frequently used. ConclusionFormulas containing Coptidis Rhizoma for the treatment of diabetes and its complications mainly target the syndrome of dampness-heat transforming into fire and the syndrome of excessive heat damaging yin. This study can serve as a reference for standard use of Coptidis Rhizoma in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications.

The combination of the immunotherapy (i.e., the use of monoclonal antibodies) and the conventional chemotherapy increases the long-term survival of patients with lymphoma. However, for patients with relapsed or treatment-resistant lymphoma, a novel treatment approach is urgently needed. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells were introduced as a treatment for these patients. Based on recent clinical data, approximately 50% of patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma achieved complete remission after receiving the CD19 CAR-T cell therapy. Moreover, clinical data revealed that some patients remained in remission for more than two years after the CAR-T cell therapy. Other than the CD19-targeted CAR-T, the novel target antigens, such as CD20, CD22, CD30, and CD37, which were greatly expressed on lymphoma cells, were studied under preclinical and clinical evaluations for use in the treatment of lymphoma. Nonetheless, the CAR-T therapy was usually associated with potentially lethal adverse effects, such as the cytokine release syndrome and the neurotoxicity. Therefore, optimizing the structure of CAR, creating new drugs, and combining CAR-T cell therapy with stem cell transplantation are potential solutions to increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the toxicity in patients with lymphoma after the CAR-T cell therapy.
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; Lymphoma/therapy* ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen