Objective:To make an ideal model for liver transplantation. Methods:On the basis of cuff technique,we carried out 62 cases of orthotopic liver transplantation in 3 months. In the transplantation,we anastomosed the portal vein and subhepatic vena cava with cuff and conneted the suprahepatic vena cava to the recipient's diaphragm with 9-0 running suture. Results:The average time of acquiring donor liver was 32 minutes, reqairing liver was 12 minutes,unhepatic phase was 18 minutes.62 liver transplantation operations were carried out ,in which the operation success rate in late 30 cases was 90%. Conclusion:The results show that the model is stable and can be used in the experiment of liver transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo establish a mouse model of hypospadias induced by flutamide to further studying molecular mechanisms of hypospadias etiology.

METHODSEighty timed pregnant ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups. Flutamide was injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with mixture sesame oil at 0 (Group A), 25 (Group B), 50 (Group C), 100 (Group D) mg.kg-1.d-1 from GD (gestation days) 12 to 16, respectively. The fetuses of two pregnants from each group were anatomized to observe the position of testes and the development of prostates on the day of delivery. Urethras and the position of testes were examined on postnatal day 28.

RESULTSHypospadias was seen in Group A (0), B (44.2%), C (92.7%) and D (100%), and cryptorchidism in Group A (0), B (4.8%), C (23.2%) and D (32.4%), respectively. Flutamide caused 100% incidence of prostate agenesis in Group C and D and 19.2% in Group B, and 100% incidence of female-like anogenital distance in Group B, C, and D.

CONCLUSIONThe experimental model of hypospadias induced by flutamide is steadier and more suitable for popularization.

Androgen Antagonists ; toxicity ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fetus ; drug effects ; Flutamide ; toxicity ; Hypospadias ; chemically induced ; Male ; Mice ; Pregnancy

Objective:To explore the changes of immune microenvironment and prognosis of bladder cancer patients with positive urinary nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22).Methods:Retrospective analysis was made on 86 patients who were diagnosed with bladder cancer in Xuzhou Central Hospital from January 2019 to September 2020. All patients were tested for urinary NMP22 by colloidal gold method. The patients with positive test results were NMP22 positive group, and the patients with negative test results were NMP22 negative group. The expression of CD8, programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and PanCK were detected by multiple fluorescent immunohistochemical method on the pathological tissue sections of all enrolled patients with bladder cancer after surgery. Follow-up data of enrolled patients were collected after discharge, and univariate and multivariate Cox analysis was performed on the follow-up data.Results:There were 69 patients in the NMP22 positive group and 17 patients in the NMP22 negative group. The percentage of CD8 and PD-L1 positive cells in NMP22 positive group was significantly higher than that in NMP22 negative group, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that tumor stage was correlated with bladder cancer progression ( HR=2.67, P=0.017). Multivariate analysis showed that positive NMP22 was significantly correlated with bladder cancer recurrence and disease progression (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The density of CD8 + T cells and PD-L1 in tumor parenchyma of urinary NMP22 positive bladder cancer patients was higher than that of NMP22 negative patients. Urinary NMP22 positive can be one of the bad prognostic factors of bladder cancer, and the patients with NMP22 positive should strengthen reexamination.