Objective: To develop an UPLC method for simultaneous determination the contents of 10 active constituents [neochlorogenic acid (NCA), chlorogenic acid (CA), cryptochlorogenic acid (CCA), isochlorogenic acid A (ICAA), isochlorogenic acid B (ICAB), isochlorogenic acid C (ICAC); bacicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, and wogonin] in Yinhuang preparations. Methods: Analysis was performed on an Acquiyt UPLC BEH C18 chromatographic column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) eluted with acetonitrile- 0.4% phosphoric acid, gradient elution, and the flow rate was 0.4 mL/min, the detection wavelength was set at 326 nm, the column temperature was 40℃, and the injection volume was 1.0 μL. Results: All calibration curves were linear (r ≥ 0.999 6) over the tested ranges. The average recoveries (n = 9) ranged from 97.43% to 99.94% with RSD value below 2.0%. The contents of 11 batches of NCA, CA, CCA, ICAA, ICAB, ICAC, bacicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, and wogonin were 0.236-3.419, 5.279-26.220, 0.495-4.714, 0.130-2.702, 0.310-3.210, 0.363-5.036, 35.209-133.289, 1.493-6.635, 1.546-5.393, and 0.254-0.823 mg/g. Conclusion: This method is rapid, simple, sensitive, accurate, and reproducible, which can be used for quality control of Yinhuang preparation, and provide a reference for the formulation of quality standards to enhance in the future.

This experiment aimed to explore and research the process of preparing baicalein and wogonin through liquid fermentation with Bacillus natto. Active enzymes of produced by B. natto was used for the biological transformation of baclin and wogonoside, in order to increase the content of the haicalein and wogonin in the scutellaria. With the content of the baicalein and wogonin as evaluating indexes, the effects of carbon source, nitrogen source, the types and suitable concentration of inorganic salt, medium pH, granularities of medical materials, liquid volume in flask, shaking speed, liquid-to-solid ratio, fermentation time on the fermentation process were studied. The optimal process conditions for liquid fermentation of scutellaria were 1.0% of peptone, 0.05% of NaCl, pH at 6, the granularities of medical materials of the scutellaria screened through 40-mesh sifter, 33% of liquid, shaker incubator speed at 200 r x min(-1), liquid-to-solid ratio of 5:1, temperature at 37 degrees C, fermentation for 6 days, baclin's conversion rate at 97.6% and wogonoside's conversion rate at 97% in the scutellaria. According to the verification test, the process was stable and feasible, and could provide data reference for the industrial production.
Bacillus subtilis ; metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Fermentation ; Flavanones ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; metabolism ; Soy Foods ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after total hip and knee arthroplasty in Chinese patients who received prophylactic treatment for DVT.

METHODSWe evaluated 128 total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in 95 patients performed at our center from April 2004 to August 2004, which included 48 THAs in 43 patients and 80 TKAs in 52 patients. There were 27 men and 68 women with a mean age of 59.77 years (range, 23-78 years). All patients had been given low-molecular-weight heparin before operation and for 7-10 days post-operation to prevent DVT. Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to detect DVT of bilateral lower extremities in all patients before operation and at 7-10 days after operation. Nineteen clinical factors were examined preoperation and 7-10 days post-operation in order to analyze their influences on DVT formation after surgery.

RESULTSThere were 45 patients who developed DVT after operation. The incidence of DVT in all patients was 47.4% (45/95) and the incidence of proximal DVT was 3.2%. There were more asymptomatic DVT (57.8%, 26/45) than symptomatic ones, and some patients without DVT (14%, 7/50) presented some of the DVT symptoms. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a definite association of female, obesity (representative by BMI), cement usage and diagnosed RA with DVT with odds ratio of 10.008, 3.094, 8.887, and 0.194 respectively. Other clinical factors had no statistically significant association with DVT.

CONCLUSIONSFemale, obesity, and cement usage were the risk factors for DVT after THA and TKA, and diagnosed RA was the protecting factors for DVT after THA and TKA. Other clinical factors such as age, OA, type of implant, monolateral or bilateral operation, duration of anesthesia, surgery and bandage usage for blood control, time for immobilization et al were not the risk factors for DVT.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; adverse effects ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; adverse effects ; Bone Cements ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Thrombophlebitis ; etiology ; prevention & control

Biomarkers, Tumor ; Bronchi ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Mucous Membrane ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDRecent studies suggest that circulating DNA may be a potential tumor marker for lung cancer, but most of these studies are conducted between healthy controls and lung cancer patients, with few or no benign lung disease patients included. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of plasma DNA quantification in discriminating lung cancer from the healthy and benign lung disease.

METHODSPlasma DNA was extracted with a QIAamp DNA Blood Midi kit and quantified by a PicoGreen dsDNA quantitation kit in 44 healthy individuals, 36 benign lung disease patients and 67 lung cancer patients. Discrimination power was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTSPlasma DNA values were significantly increased in lung cancer patients, especially in those with metastases, and in benign lung disease patients compared with that in the healthy individuals (P < 0.001, respectively). The values in lung cancer patients were significantly increased compared with that in the benign lung disease patients (P < 0.001). The area under the curve was 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92 - 0.99] for the healthy versus lung cancer, 0.73 (95% CI 0.64 - 0.83) for lung cancer versus benign lung disease, and 0.86 (95% CI 0.80 - 0.91) for lung cancer versus the healthy and benign lung disease.

CONCLUSIONSPlasma DNA quantification has a strong power to discriminate lung cancer from the healthy and from the healthy and benign lung disease, less power to discriminate lung cancer from benign lung disease. Plasma DNA quantification may be useful as a screening tool for lung cancer.

DNA ; blood ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of two methods of pigmentation on the flexural strength of dental Y-TZP/porcelain layered structure.

METHODSKaVo zirconia substructures were pigmented by dipping presintered blocks in the coloring solution VITA LL1 and LL5, and colored TZ-3YS zirconia substructures were fabricated by adding pigments before isostatic pressing. The colors No.1 and No.5 were used for the test. The specimens were made in monolithic or bilayered forms, and the flexural strength was tested. XRD and SEM with EDX were used to analyze the characteristics of the surface structure.

RESULTSIn KaVo group, no significant differences were found in the flexural strength between white and LL1 and LL5 colored monoclinic materials, nor in bilayered structures. While in TZ-3YS group, significant differences were noted in the flexural strength between color No.5 white and color No.1 monoclinic materials, but not between the latter two subgroups. The flexural strength was significantly lowered by veneering with porcelain in both zirconia groups, and similar findings were observed with the monoclinic materials. Only the tetragonal phase was detected in both of the zirconia groups.

CONCLUSIONPigmentation has no apparent effects on the bonding strength between the veneering porcelain and zirconia. Both coloring methods are appropriate when the concentration of the pigments is under deliberate control.

Dental Bonding ; Dental Materials ; Dental Porcelain ; chemistry ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dental Veneers ; Materials Testing ; Pigmentation ; Tensile Strength ; Yttrium ; chemistry ; Zirconium ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the design and blood supply type of the reverse narrow pedicle lateral maxillocervical fasciocutaneous flap.

METHODSThe reverse narrow pedicle lateral maxillocervical fasciocutaneous flap with its pedicle locate in front of auricle was designed to repair the defect caused by removing the malignant tumor in aged patients. The largest size is about 10 cm x 6 cm, the width of pedicle ranged from 2.5-3.0 cm, 2-4 cm in length.

RESULTSThe flaps were used in 4 patients, age from 57 to 83 years old and the flap was designed as lateral maxillocervical fasciocutaneous flap. The flap was survived well in all patients, donor site can be closed without strain, no tumor relapsed.

CONCLUSIONThe flap should be included to be a reverse axial flap and it should be designed from jaw edge to chin. The pedicle couldn't be too narrow, in this way, donor site can be closed directly, and less surgical operation time needed. The patients can accept synthesize treatment early, for example actinotheraphy. It is an ideal choice for repair the defect caused by removing the malignant tumor in aged patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Face ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of clinical application of the thoracodorsal artery musculocutaneous perforator flap (TAMPF).

METHODS(1) The morphosis and blood supply of TAP flap on 15 formalized adult cadavers(30 sides) were examined by microsurgery anatomy. (2) An imitative operation of the TAMP flap and latissimus dorsi flap on 1 formalized adult cadavers (2 sides) was conducted.

RESULTS(1) A total of 102 musculocutaneous perforators larger than 0.5 mm were found in 16 specimens(32 sides). 56 perforators (55%) were originated from the medial branch and 46 (45%) originated from the lateral branch. The biggest perforator is (0.82 +/- 0.11) mm (0.68 - 1.08 mm). There was an average of 1.9 perforators (range, 1 - 3 perforators) of the medial branch and an average of 1.8 perforators (range, 1 - 3 perforators) of the lateral branch. Additionally, there were 24 perforators samller than 0.5 mm, and 76 perforators originated from intercostal artery and lumbar artery. (2) Musculocutaneous perforators over 0.5 mm were found only in proximity of the medial and lateral branches within a distance of 8.5 cm (6.4 cm - 9.2 cm) distal to the neurovascular hilus.

CONCLUSIONSWith the characteristics of constant position, large caliber, long pedicle, the thoracodorsal artery musculocutaneous perforator was suitable to be musclocutaneous perforator flaps and "fan-shaped" flaps.

Adult ; Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; Back ; blood supply ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Thorax ; blood supply

OBJECTIVETo explore a new method and estimate its outcome to repair deep heel tissue injuries with local tissue flap.

METHODSAt lower cnemis, a fat fascial flap combined with perineal tendofascial flap were designed and elevated between the lateral malleolars blank, the largest area is 6 cm x 13 cm, which were transplanted to cover naked calcaneal tendon and calcaneal bone, full-thickness free skin graft or middle-thickness free skin graft were grafted on flap.

RESULTS6 patients suffered from heel tissue defects had been treated from January 2004 to November 2005. The smallest area was 3.5 cm x 4.0 cm and the largest was 4 cm x 6 cm. All fascial flaps and free skin grafts were successfully survived after operations. All patients were followed up 3-23 months, the operation areas were healed, the functions and configurations were satisfied.

CONCLUSIONSPerineal tendofascial flap conjoined with adipofasical flap and free skin graft are used to repair heel deep tissue defects, which is a handy, dependable way for repairing of the small tissue defects of the lower third of leg and heel.

Achilles Tendon ; injuries ; surgery ; Adult ; Fascia ; transplantation ; Female ; Fibula ; surgery ; Heel ; injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Transplantation ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps

Background: and Purpose Intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic stenosis (IVBAS) is a major cause of posterior circulation stroke. Some patients suffer from stroke recurrence despite receiving medical treatment. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of a new score for the posterior communicating artery and the P1 segment of the posterior cerebral artery (PCoA-P1) for predicting stroke recurrence in IVBAS. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients with severe IVBAS (70%–99%). According to the number of stroke recurrences, patients were divided into no-recurrence, single-recurrence, and multiple-recurrences groups. We developed a new 5-point grading scale, with the PCoA-P1 score ranging from 0 to 4 based on magnetic resonance angiography, in which primary collaterals were dichotomized into good (2–4 points) and poor (0 or 1 point). Stroke recurrences after the index stroke were recorded. Patients who did not experience stroke recurrence were compared with those who experienced single or multiple stroke recurrences. Results: From January 2012 to December 2019, 176 patients were enrolled, of which 116 (65.9%) had no stroke recurrence, 35 (19.9%) had a single stroke recurrence, and 25 (14.2%) had multiple stroke recurrences. Patients with single stroke recurrence (odds ratio [OR]= 4.134, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.822–9.380, p=0.001) and multiple stroke recurrences (OR=6.894, 95% CI=2.489–19.092, p<0.001) were more likely to have poor primary collaterals than those with no stroke recurrence. Conclusions The new PCoA-P1 score appears to provide improve predictions of stroke recurrence in patients with IVBAS.