Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics in 55 patients with Acute Viral Diarrhea caused by Norovirus.And provide basis for preventing and controlling the spread of the disease.Methods A total of 5 1 3 fe-cal samples of diarrhea cases from 3 surveillance hospitals in 2013 from January to December were collected,analyzed the clinical date and detected Norovirus useing RT-PCR.Results The number of Norovirus positive was 55,positive rate was 10.7%.There were significant differences between Norovirus infection and not infected patients for age (χ2=4.27,P<0.05),then there were no significant differences between Norovirus infection and not infected patients for gender,employ-ment,whether food pathogenic diseases (χ2=0.086~3.21,P>0.05).The clinical symptoms of acute gastroenteritis pa-tients caused by Norovirus infection was fever (χ2=4.6,P<0.05),there were no significant differences for diarrhea (≥5 times/day),bellgache,vomiting,nausea (χ2=0.139~3.636,P>0.05).Conclusion Norovirus is common pathogens of a-cute diarrhoea,which incidence is higher.Clinical symptoms alone is difficult to differentiate with other diarrheaphases.The confirmed diagnosis is depended on the etiology.

Objective To investigate the risk actors of postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section,in order to provide the basis for the prevention of hemorrhage after cesarean section.Methods A case-control study was conducted in 100 cases with postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section and 200 cases without bleeding of cesarean section.The clinical data were compared and analyzed.The single factor and multiple factors of the Logistic analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section.Results Fetal macrosomia (OR =3.678,95％ CI:1.456-5.345),placenta adhesion (OR =4.264,95％ CI:1.556-5.646),placenta praevia (OR =2.754,95％ CI:1.754-5.456),multifetal pregnancy (OR =3.964,95％ CI:1.274-4.453) were the risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section.Conclusion Evaluation of the above risk factors before cesarean section was important for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.

AIM:To explore the characteristics of hepatitis B virus S gene mutation in the vertical transmission after active and passive vaccination .METHODS:Fifteen cases of immunoprophylaxis failure were enrolled in the study . HBV S gene (including pres-S and S) from the mothers, newborns before active and passive vaccination and 7-month-old infants with immunoprophylaxis failure were detected by PCR amplification .The characteristics of HBV S gene mutation were compared among the 3 groups.RESULTS: The genotype of HBV in the newborns and the infants was the same as that in the mothers .The frequencies of mutation in the 2 fragments of the HBV S gene had no significant difference between the 3 groups.The homology tree model based on HBV S gene was analyzed in the 3 groups, in which every group had their own cluster.There were 15 different mutation sites between 7 pairs of mothers and newborns .There were 3 different muta-tion sites between 3 pairs of newborns and infants (nt273A→A/G, nt512C→C/T and nt1139C→A), among which the first 2 were located in the S gene region but not in the “a” determinant , and the latter was located in the overlap region of S and X genes .There were 25 different mutation sites between 9 pairs of mothers and infants , but only 1 case had a differ-ent mutation site between the mother , newborn and infant .CONCLUSION: The HBV species in newborns and infants with immunoprophylaxis failure were transmitted from the mothers .The mutations in the HBV S gene with immunoprophy-laxis failure happened before and after active and passive vaccination , mainly before vaccination .The relationship between HBV S gene mutations and immunoprophylaxis failure should be further explored .

Female ; Humans ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; therapy

Objective To investigate the significance of XAGE-1bmRNA expression in the blood specimens of patients with primary liver cancer, cirrhosis and benign liver diseases and in healthy individuals. Methods Venous blood specimens of patients with primary liver cancer (n= 125), cirrhosis (n= 23), benign liver diseases (n= 34) and healthy individuals (n = 41 ) were collected. XAGE-1b mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results The expression levels of XAGE-1b mRNA in patients with primary liver cancer, cirrhosis, benign liver diseases and healthy in dividuals were 3.72 (0.93, 10.2) ×10-5, 0 (0, 0. 56) ×10-5, 0 (0, 0)×10-5, 0 (0, 0) ×10-5, respectively. The XAGE-1b mRNA expression in patients with primary liver cancer was obviously higher than the patients with cirrhosis, benign liver diseases and in healthy individuals. The expression levels for patients with cirrhosis was higher than patients with benign liver diseases and in healthy individuals. The expression levels for patients with benign liver diseases and healthy individuals were similar. With a optimal cut-off value of 8. 385 × 10-7 , the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of XAGE-lb mRNA for diagnosing primary liver cancer were 80. 0%, 89.8%, 90.9% and 77.9% respectively. The positive rates for patients with primary liver cancer and cirrhosis were 80.0% and 30.4% respectively. Conclusion XAGE-lb mRNA can be used as a tumor marker for primary liver cancer. It contributes to the differentiation between primary liver cancer, cirrhosis and benign liver diseases.

Immobilization of the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens UP-3 was studied in this paper. The results showed that the immobilized cells with the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) as the immobilizing carrier had good biodesulfurization characteristics; The optimum operation immobilization conditions were 4℃, the total concentration of PVA and SA being 7%(wt), and the concentration of cells being 0.05 g/mL. When DBT addition was 2.7 mmol/L, the DBT degradation of immobilized cells was above 60% while that of resting cells is 13%. The optimum degradation time and temperature of immobilized cells were 5d and 28℃～32℃, respectively.

Objective To investigate the impact of high intra-abdominal pressure on intracranial pressure in patients with traumatic brain injury and discuss the clinical significance of abdominal decom-pression. Methods Intra-abdominal pressure and intracranial pressure of 15 patients with abdominal trauma and brain injury were observed to discuss changes of intracranial pressure after abdominal decom-pression. Results After abdominal decompression, all patients got lower intracranial pressure, with decrease of (15.2±3.6) mm Hg. Conclusion Intra-abdominal pressure does affect intracranial pres-sure for patients with abdominal trauma and brain injury. Abdominal decompression may be effective for high intracranial pressure.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of retinoie acid on B16 marina mel-anoma cells and human melanocytes in vitro. Methods B16F10 murine melanoma cells and human mela-noeytes were cultured in culture medium which contains different concentration of components, including retinoic acid. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) mRNA expression of the tyrosinase was detected. Tyrosinase activity, melanin content and cell proliferation rate were also deter-mined. Results Retinoieacid exhibited an inhibitory effect on the expression of tyrosinase mRNA. As the concentration of retinoic acid was 100 μmol/L, treating for 72 h, the expression of tyrosinase mRNA de-creased 30.13 %, retinoic acid exhibited an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and melanin production at high concentration (>500 μmol/L), and it could promote the cell proliferation. Retinoic acid and hy-droqninone could be cooperative at high concentration (1 000 μmol/L), and enhanced the down regulation of tyrosinase activity and melanin content. Retinoic acid could also mitigate the inhibitory effect of hydro-quinone on cell proliferation, so as to protect the cells from injury. Hydroquinone had no effect on tyrosi-nase gene expression at mRNA level. Conclusion Retinoic acid inhibits the synthesis of melanin by the genetic regulation at mRNA level.

Objective To investigate the muhilineage differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymM stem eels (MSCs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Density gradient centrifugation and plastic adherence methods were used for isolation of marrow-derived MSCs.Then tIIeir differentiation potentiality to lipoblasts and osteoblasts waft tested.MSCs loading on hydroxyapatite were elnbedded in the nude mouse's subcutaneous tissues.Eight weeks later.osteogenesis was evaluated by HE staining.PPA Rγ2,LPL,Runx2/CBFA1,osteocalcin gene expression in MSCs after differentiation were examined by RT-PCR.Results The positive rates of lipoblasts stained by oil red O and optical density in SLE were decreased than in the control group[(35±7)% vs (80±5)%] (0.14±0.04 vs 0.27±0.04),and the positive rates of osteoblasts stained by Alizarin Red S in SLE were decreased than those in the control group [(35±4)% vs (45±4)%].Osteoblast differentiation in the SLE group was less than that of the contro]group.The mRNA expression of LPL (0.369±0.020 vs 0.481±0.038).Runx2/CBFA1 (0.371±0.000 vs 0.563±0.069).osteoealcin (0.819±0.023 vs 0.962±0.049) of MSCs after difierentiation in the SLE group was decreased than that of the control group.There was no significant difference in the expression of PPARγ2 mRNA between SLE and controI group (0.421±0.052 vs 0.441±0.012).Conelusion MSCs from SLE have abnormalities in osteogenie and adipogenic differentiation potential.