Adult ; Cartilage ; surgery ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; surgery ; Ear Auricle ; surgery ; Esthetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; surgery ; Tympanoplasty ; methods

Antimicrobial peptides, a cluster of small peptides secreted by the majority of creatures, have been demonstrated with activity against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells. These peptides have some features such as broad spectrum , high effi-cacy and stability, little drug resistance. A lack of new antibiotics combined with emerging multi-drug resis-tance issues demands that new antimicrobial strategies be explored for treating these infections. It has been proposed that the antimicrobial peptides might form the foundation for a new class of clinically useful an-timicrobials. We review the advantages of these molecules in construction features and bioactivity, with the focus on the mechanism and clinical applications.

The prognostic value of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase,catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is controversial.We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutation in patients with ESCC.EMBASE,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception through Oct.3,2016.The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95％ confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random effects model for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).Seven studies enrolling 1505 patients were eligible for inclusion of the current meta-analysis.Results revealed that PIK3CA mutation was not significantly associated with OS (HR:0.90,95％ CI:0.63-1.30,P=0.591),with a significant heterogeneity (I2=65.7％,P=0.012).Additionally,subgroup analyses were further conducted according to various variables,such as types of specimen,the sample size,technique and statistical methodology.All results suggested that no significant relationship was found between PIK3CA mutation and OS in patients with ESCC.For DFS,there was no significant association between PIK3CA mutation and DFS in patients with ESCC (HR:1.00,95％ CI=0.47-2.11,P=0.993,I2=73.7％).Publication bias was not present and the results of sensitivity analysis were very stable in the current meta-analysis.Our findings suggest that PIK3CA mutation has no significant effects on OS and DFS in ESCC patients.More well-designed prospective studies with better methodology for PIK3CA assessment are required to clarify the prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutation in ESCC patients.

OBJECTIVETo assess protein and mRNA expression levels of heparanase and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) genes in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their roles in tumor invasion, metastasis and prognosis.

METHODSA total of 115 paraffin-embedded and 45 fresh-frozen tissue specimens of NSCLC were studied by immunohistochemistry, Western Blot and in situ hybridization to evaluate the protein and mRNA expression status of heparanase and bFGF genes. The data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software.

RESULTSBoth human heparanase and bFGF were highly expressed in NSCLC cells, in contrast to none or a low expression in normal lung tissue. Expression of heparanase also showed a significantly higher than that in the normal tissue by Western blot (P = 0.041). Immunohistochemistry showed that heparanase expression was both cytoplasmic and membranous. The agreement between heparanase and bFGF was significant. A significant correlation was found between the expression of either protein and TNM stage, vascular invasion, lymphatic metastasis and microvascular density (MVD). Co-expression of the two proteins demonstrated an even higher correlation with the tumor stage and MVD. In addition, expression of bFGF correlated with tumor cell differentiation. Data of a multivariate analysis indicated that tumor cell differentiation, vascular invasion, lymphatic metastasis and expression of bFGF were identified as significant prognostic parameters.

CONCLUSIONSBoth heparanase and bFGF may play important roles in tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and prognosis of NSCLC.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Glucuronidase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Microcirculation ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVEIn this study, human bronchial epithelial cells were inoculated with positive sputum specimens of HBoV. After four days' infection, cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed by inverted microscopy. These viruses all cause typical cell damages such as rounded and shrivelled, fusion and fallout. These damages got quick following increased future degenerations. The other assay result of CPE within the infected cells were observed by inverted microscopy, have typical "owl's eye" plaque and above 90 percent hemadsorption within the infected cells by erythrocytes for hemadsorption technique. The typical fluorescence lump of nucleus within the infected cells was found by indirect immunofluorescence technique.

CONCLUSIONIsolation and identification of HBoV could be done in the human bronchial epithelial cell, and we found some characterizing CPE in the human bronchial epithelial cell after HBoV infection. The above studies pave a way for studying pathogenicity of human bocavirus.

Bocavirus ; physiology ; Bronchi ; cytology ; Cell Death ; physiology ; Cell Survival ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; virology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Microscopy, Fluorescence

OBJECTIVETo investigate the seroprevalence of anti-HAV IgG in adults of 4 cities in China.

METHODSSerum samples were collected from 2390 local residents aged between 20 to 88 years from Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Guangzhou. The anti-HAV IgG in sera was detected with a microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA).

RESULTSThe anti-HAV IgG seroprevalence in female of 30 to 39 years in Beijing (64.58%, 62/96) was higher than that in male (45.57% 36/79)) (x(2) = 6.358, P = 0.012). It increased with age in adults of Beijing and Guangzhou. The rates were 54.22 % (90/166), 56.00% (98/175) and 67.18% (88/131) for the 20-, 30- and 40-49 age groups in Beijing (x(2) = 4.76, P = 0.03); and 52.83% (56/106), 52.50% (63/120), 82.46% (94/114), 89.80% (88/98) and 96.77% (60/62) for the 20-, 30-, 40-, 50- and 60-88 age groups in Guangzhou, respectively (x(2) = 72.58, P less than 0.01). This trend was not found in Shanghai and Wuhan (x2 = 0.96, 2.99; P = 0.33, 0.08 respectively). The seroprevalence rates of anti-HAV IgG in the 20 to 39 age group of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Wuhan were 55.13% (188/341), 63.93% (429/671), 52.65% (119/226) and 78.37% (308/393), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe seroprevalence rates of anti-HAV IgG in young adults aged 20 to 39 years of the four cities are relatively low, and HAV vaccination should be suggested for the susceptible population of this age group in China.

Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepatitis A ; epidemiology ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis A Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis A Virus, Human ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate pave a way for studying pathogenicty of HBoV.

METHODSIsolation and cell culture of HBoV by human bronchial epithelial cell line, which was founded in our laboratory. The morphology of the virus were primarily studied with a transmission electron microscope. In addition, transcript mRNA was detected in human bronchial epithelial cells, which was passaged and infected within HBoV, using the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The amplified products nucleotide sequence of HBoV were sequencing and sequence analysis.

RESULTSCytopathic effect (CPE) was observed after the aseptic residue of filtration of 2 case sputum specimens with HBoV, which was inoculated to the human bronchial epithelial cell line. The virus particles were observed in the cytoplasm, which were hexagonal or spherical in shape and 18-26 nm in diameter,bulk was 20 nm. cDNA amplicon obtained 295 bp fragment results of electrophoresis bands as same as NS1 region of the conserved matrix gene of publish sequence of HboV. PCR products nucleotide sequence of HboV were compared with corresponding HboV GeneBank sequences. The comparison/alignment and construction of phylogenetic trees also point to an affiliation of the parvovirus to the species HBoV.

CONCLUSIONIsolation and identification of HBoV could be done in the human bronchial epithelial cell, and we found some characterizing CPE in the human bronchial epithelial cell after HBoV infection. The above studies pave a way for studying pathogenicty of human bocavirus.

Bronchi ; cytology ; virology ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epithelial Cells ; virology ; Human bocavirus ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Parvoviridae Infections ; virology ; Phylogeny ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; virology ; Virus Cultivation

OBJECTIVETo clone and express VP, gene from HBoV, and the expressed VP, protein was as the antigen in order to detect serum from children in Wenling area with lower respiratory tract infections.

METHODSThe VP, gene was recombined with the genome of Baculovirus, which infected the insect cell. The fusion protein with HA tag was applied to confirm the specificity of expressed protein. Furthermore, the recombinant protein was observed using electron microscopy. The 176 serum from children in Wenling area with lower respiratory tract infections was screened using Western blot.

RESULTSThe expressed VP2 protein was more than 60% in total proteins from insect cell, and MWt about 60 x 10(3). The virus-like particle (VLP) was observed using electron microscopy, and size about 20 nm. The 176 serum from children in wenling area with lower respiratory tract infections was screened using Western blot. The HBoV positive rate was 2.28% (4/176).

CONCLUSIONThe VP2 protein from human bocavirus was expressed in insect cell successfully. Through HA tag the VP2 protein was specific, and then the assay using SDS-PAGE with Western blot could detect and screen the antibody in serum from children with lower respiratory tract infections rapidly and accurately.

Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Bocavirus ; genetics ; immunology ; Capsid Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Parvoviridae Infections ; blood ; diagnosis ; immunology ; virology ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Spodoptera

Objective Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have potential value in the clinical application of various tumors. This study was to investigate the role of CTCs and their chemokine receptor CCR9 in the invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods From May 2018 to June 2019, a total of 62 patients with NSCLC in the clinical oncology center of The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were enrolled in this study. The CanpatrolTM CTC technique was used to detected the expressions of CTCs and CCR9 in CTCs in peripheral blood of patients. Furthermore, the relationships between expression levels of CTCs, CCR9 and clinical, pathological characteristics of NSCLC patients were analyzed. Results CTCs were detected in 56 of 62 (90.3%) NSCLC patients. CTCs counts were associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of NSCLC (P<0.05). In the analysis of clinical correlation between CTC subtypes and NSCLC, epithelial CTCs counts were related to TNM stage and distant metastasis of NSCLC (r=0.296 and r=0.273, P<0.05). Additionally, counts of mixed type CTCs were also correlative with NSCLC tumor metastasis (r =0.253, P =0.047). Finally, we found that the positive rate of CCR9 in mixed type CTCs was associated with distant metastasis of NSCLC (r=0.353, P=0.038). Conclusion CTCs counts and subtypes were correlated with TNM stage and metastasis of NSCLC. The expression level of CCR9 on CTC was expected to be a biomarker to evaluate the risk of tumor metastasis in NSCLC.

OBJECTIVETo study how to perform the hearing screening on the infants in the rural area.

METHODSThree thousand nine hundreds and twenty-two infants, about 84% of them from rural, were born in the People Hospital of LaiZhou City from January to December in 2004. The infants were performed fast hearing screening by transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) after the birth in 2-7 days. The fail cases were checked again after 4-6 weeks, and then were diagnosed if they still failed after following-up.

RESULTSThe infants (3612/3922, 92.1%) have been checked by TEOAE, and the examination was free in the poverty cases. The rate passed on the first check was 69.96% (2527/3922), but 1085 infants failed (30.4%), while 310 infants have not been checked (7.9%). In the 1085 cases that should be rechecked, there was only 633 cases (58.34%) accepted the check on time, while 452 cases (41.66%) missed. In the 163 cases with high-risk infants in 2004, 114 infants (69.96%) were checked, but 49 infants (29.04%) were not checked. Fourteen cases failed in the recheck, and 11 of them were checked by ABR. Two cases were found to be moderate and severe hearing loss in binaural respectively and 4 cases with mild hearing loss in monaural while 3 cases were normal.

CONCLUSIONSIt is necessary and viable for the infants on hearing screening in the rural area It should be set up and perfected the model for infants on hearing screening in rural area as soon as possible; it should be free for the poor infants to make sure everyone enjoy the health care.

China ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatal Screening ; methods ; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous ; Rural Population