A study on 15 private hospitals has shown that total number of health staffs was 2057, average staff/bed was 2.18, and this figure in the public hospital was 0.9. Number of private hospital as time were in 1995 (1 hospital), 1997 (3 hospitals), 1999 (2 hospital), 2000 (6 hospitals) and 2001 (3 hospitals) 6/61 provinces and cities had private hospitals. Most of them located from §µ N½ng to Southern Vietnam. The deep professions were developed perfectly more and more
Hospitals, Private ; Growth & development

Background: Many nurses are leaving for various destinations and leaving intention was found to be the immediate precursor for actual turnover, but studies examining the different forms of leaving intention (unit, hospital, country, and profession) and exit destinations are scarce. Objectives: To determine the different forms of nurses’ leaving intention (i.e., leaving the unit, hospital, country, and profession), exit destinations and associations of demographic variables on the different forms of leaving intention and exit destinations. Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional survey. Private hospital nurses in the Peninsular Malaysia were the study population and a total of 942 (73% response rate) nurses participated in the study. A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: The results revealed that intention of leaving the organisation (M = 2.81, SD = 1.33) was the highest and followed by intention of leaving the unit (M = 2.54, SD = 1.31). In terms of exit destinations, advancing nursing qualification (M = 2.95, SD = 1.31) and practising nursing in another country (M = 2.55, SD = 1.31) were the most preferred exit destinations among the nurses. Conclusions: Nursing managers play a significant role in retaining nurses within the units and organisations. The findings on nurses’ exit destinations are crucial because they serve as the direction for nurses’ retention strategies which include professional development opportunities through training, education and staff mobility.
Hospitals, Private ; Education, Nursing ; Nurses

BACKGROUND: We measured productivity changes of regional public hospitals using both global Malmquist productivity index-based on global production possibility set over all the periods-and the traditional Malmquist productivity index and analyzed the factors of productivity change. METHODS: The data used in this study is two annual inputs and two annual outputs of 32 regional public hospitals in Korea from 2005 to 2009 and the results such as distances and Malmquist productivity index and global Malmquist productivity index are obtained by an R program written for this study RESULTS: The results can be summarized as follows. Firstly, technical efficiencies of regional public hospitals are affected largely by scale efficiency than pure technical efficiency. Second, productivity progressed and technological change has more significant influence on productivity advance over the period between 2005 and 2009. Third, the circularity problem of the traditional Malmquist index is confirmed, and so the global Malmquist index without this problem are valid for the analysis. CONCLUSION: Though this study also has some limitations with the data of regional public hospitals with a short time span, it is the first study of hospitals using global Malmquist productivity index and later it can be expanded to private hospitals and longer time periods.
Efficiency* ; Hospitals, Private ; Hospitals, Public ; Korea

An investigation of patient's service by the patient's compliance in public and private hospitals in An Giang province has shown that: quality of patient's service in private hospital was higher, even more predominant than this in public hospital, including health staff's attitude, materials and medical equipment, and hygiene. The private hospitals served subjects who had income and can pay the health and medical services. The private hospitals will develop because of increasingly requirement of consultation and treatment and increase of a paying ability of people.
Ambulatory Care ; Hospitals, Public ; Hospitals, Private

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to surmise appropriate level of medical manpower of mental hospital from the perspectives of clinical experts, psychiatrist and psychiatric nurse. METHODS: First, we wlleded data on medical manpower of domestic mental hospitals and foreign mental hospitals. Next, psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses were asked to complete a survey. We estimated the optimal level of medical manpower examining appropriate volume of medical services that should be provided for psychiatric patients, and analizying the survey carried out by direct questions. RESULTS: The number of psychiatrists of group A of private mental hospitals was 1.7 times more than that of public mental hospitals; when the number of psychiatrists in public mental hospitals was regarded as 1.0, and group B of private mental hospitals was 0.5 times, and the university hospitals 8.2 times. The number of psychiatric of group A of private hospitals was 1.5 times more than that of public mental hospitals; when the number of psychiatric nurses in public mental hospitals was regarded as 1.0, the group B of private mental hospitals was 0.6 times and university hospitals was 2.6 times. The foreign mental hospitals had more medical manpowers in all occupations than domestic mental hospitals. The number of psychiatrists estimated according to the first method was 11.1 persons and the number of psychiatric nurses was 26.3 persons per 100 beds, and the number of psychiatrists estimated according to the second method was 4.3 persons per and the number of psychiatric nurses was 20.8 persons per 100 beds. CONCLUSION: The estimated optimal number of psychiatrists for mental hospital is 4.3 persons and of psychiatric nurses was 20.8 persons per 100 beds. However, these numbers can be flexible depending on the ratio of short-term acute patients and long term chronic patients.
Hospitals, Private ; Hospitals, Psychiatric* ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Occupations ; Psychiatry

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to surmise appropriate level of medical manpower of mental hospital from the perspectives of clinical experts, psychiatrist and psychiatric nurse. METHODS: First, we wlleded data on medical manpower of domestic mental hospitals and foreign mental hospitals. Next, psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses were asked to complete a survey. We estimated the optimal level of medical manpower examining appropriate volume of medical services that should be provided for psychiatric patients, and analizying the survey carried out by direct questions. RESULTS: The number of psychiatrists of group A of private mental hospitals was 1.7 times more than that of public mental hospitals; when the number of psychiatrists in public mental hospitals was regarded as 1.0, and group B of private mental hospitals was 0.5 times, and the university hospitals 8.2 times. The number of psychiatric of group A of private hospitals was 1.5 times more than that of public mental hospitals; when the number of psychiatric nurses in public mental hospitals was regarded as 1.0, the group B of private mental hospitals was 0.6 times and university hospitals was 2.6 times. The foreign mental hospitals had more medical manpowers in all occupations than domestic mental hospitals. The number of psychiatrists estimated according to the first method was 11.1 persons and the number of psychiatric nurses was 26.3 persons per 100 beds, and the number of psychiatrists estimated according to the second method was 4.3 persons per and the number of psychiatric nurses was 20.8 persons per 100 beds. CONCLUSION: The estimated optimal number of psychiatrists for mental hospital is 4.3 persons and of psychiatric nurses was 20.8 persons per 100 beds. However, these numbers can be flexible depending on the ratio of short-term acute patients and long term chronic patients.
Hospitals, Private ; Hospitals, Psychiatric* ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Occupations ; Psychiatry

Studying on 646 private medical service branchs at 4 suburban and urban districts of Hanoi city showed that: The private medical services are developing about quantity but were in simple level with invest inexpensive, rapid recovery of capital, avoiding risks, most of them were synthetize inner surgery. Now, private hospital form only has a hospital due to lack of fund, hasn’t legal lobby to guarantee for private doctors when get risks. So, the Government must have assisted the branches in structures and fund as well as legal written texts for private medical service like the development countries or members of Asean
Delivery of Health Care ; Health Services ; Hospitals, Private

RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the profiles and the degree of burnout among resident physicians in private tertiary hospitals in Bacolod City? BACKGROUND: Exhaustion from work may result into negative effects not only to the medical staff and patients. Systematic reviews revealed an association in physician burnout and suboptimal quality of care, patient safety and patient satisfaction. However, the prevalence of burnout among resident physicians in Bacolod City has not been established. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to determine the profiles and the degree of burnout among resident physicians in private tertiary hospitals in Bacolod City. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey PARTICIPANTS: We invited all resident physicians in private hospitals in Bacolod City. OUTCOME MEASURE: This study used the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey. ANALYSIS: IBM SPSS version 22 was used in the data analysis. Mean and frequency distribution were utilized. Analysis of percentage of distribution was used to determine their difference. RESULTS: From December 2019 to January 2020, ninety-three resident physicians consented to participate in the study. The majority of the participants were young adults, females and single. Only a minority of the residents exercised regularly. The majority were practicing their religion. Most of the residents are in their early years of training. Residents in Internal Medicine comprised the majority of the respondents. Among the respondents, in the Emotional Exhaustion (EE) domain: 24.7% were low, 37.6% were moderate, and 37.6% were high. While in the Depersonalization (DP) domain: 43% were low, 34.4% were moderate, and 22.6% were high. Lastly, in the Personal Achievement (PA) domain: 33.3% were low, 35.5% were moderate, and 31.2% were high. High burnout was present in 22.6% among the respondents. CONCLUSIONS: High burn out was seen among young adults, male, single, and more senior resident physicians. Furthermore, residents who exercise regularly and practice their religion have lower burnout. And Internal Medicine residents were seen to have high burnout compared to other training specialization. Organizational- and physician-directed interventions have an essential role in preventing and reducing burnout in training institutions.
Burnout, Professional ; Burnout, Psychological ; Hospitals, Private ; Physicians

Introduction: The scarce local data on the etiology of childhood pneumonia admitted in a hospital has come from a few urban and rural government hospitals. There is no data from private hospitals. Knowing the most likely etiology of pneumonia is of outmost importance as this has implications on the diagnostic modalities requested and the institution of therapy. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify clinical and microbiologic diagnoses of clinically- and radiographically-confirmed pediatric pneumonia cases admitted in a private hospital. Secondarily, a discussion of specific etiologies is made. Methodology: Each consecutive, inpatient, pneumonia referral/admission in either one of two private, urban, tertiary hospitals, of a child 18 years and below from 1993 to 2021 was logged into a computer daily by a single pediatric infectious disease specialist. Clinical, epidemiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic data were recorded. All pneumonia cases, except those seen in newborns before their discharge from the nursery, were included. Results: Of the 496 cases, there was a clinical and/or microbiologic etiology in 43% of cases. The bacteremia rate was 6.3%. The most common identifiable etiologies were Mycoplasma pneumoniae (11.9%), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (5.2%), and Staphylococcus aureus (4.2%), while bronchiolitis (5.5%) and measles (4.8%) were the most common clinical diagnoses. There were several cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Conclusions Mycoplasma pneumoniae, tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pneumocystis jirovecii are important pneumonia etiologies that have not been widely considered locally. The data presented here mirrors the practice of one pediatric infectious disease doctor in two hospitals where diagnostic and treatment options are readily available and utilized.
Child ; Inpatients ; Hospitals, Private ; Communicable Diseases ; Pneumonia

BACKGROUND: Vaporizers convert liquid anesthetics into measured amount of vapor that are added to the fresh gas mixture to produce known concentrations of anesthetics. As with anesthesia machines, mordern precision vaporizers require regular checks with respect to technical safety by experts. Some private hospitals in Korea do not have had a anesthesiologist belong exclusively to hospital. Therefore it is difficult to perform a regular checks of anesthesia machine especially vaporizers. We had a question about the accuracy of vaporizer output which used in the private hospitals. METHODS: We investigated outputs of 47 vaporizers which used in 23 private hospitals and 5 general hospitals around Kangdong Gu and Kangnam Gu in Seoul, Korea. Anesthetic agent monitor(Biochem anesthetic agent monitor 8100, Waukesha, Wisc, USA) was used and its analysis value was 0.1 vo1%. 50 vo1% O2 and 50 vol% N2O were used as a carrier gas. The flow rates of the carrier gas were 4 1/min. Dial settings were 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 vo1%. RESULTS: The result was that vaporizers which had the inaccuracy ranges of concentration less than +/-0.5 vo1% was 76.6% of 47 vaporizers, +/-1 vo1% was 93.6%. And above +/-1 vol% was 6.4% of all. CONCLUSIONS: This research concludes that great care needed when the anesthesiologist strange to the vaporizers in the private hospitals operates the vaporizers.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Hospitals, General ; Hospitals, Private* ; Korea ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers* ; Seoul