Hospitals, Pediatric ; United States

PURPOSE: This study was performed to develop the Fever Education Program (FEP) and evaluate its effects on the knowledge, attitudes, and nursing practice of pediatric nurses. METHODS: The quasi-experimental research strategy used a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. Recruited participants were forty-seven nurses at two pediatric hospitals in G city. The research was conducted from September 1 to October 10, 2015. To test the effects of the FEP, the participants were divided into two groups, an experimental group (n=27) and a control group (n=20). Data were collected prior to and six weeks after the intervention using self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, the χ²-test, t–test, Mann-Whitney U test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. RESULTS: Following the FEP intervention, no significant differences were found in nursing practice, but significant differences were found in knowledge (t=3.62, p=0.001) and attitudes (t=4.26, p=0.000) between the experimental group and the control group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the FEP could provide an effective nursing intervention to improve knowledge and attitudes toward fever care in pediatric nurses.
Education* ; Fever* ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Nursing* ; Polytetrafluoroethylene

We assessed the pediatric emergency care system of our hospital. A total of about 11,714 children were carried into the emergency room during 1998. Their age was young, 33.6% being less than 4 years old and 54.5% less than 7 years old. About half a number of them (50.8%) were received between 5 p.m. and midnight and 75.3% at night. They came to our hospital from two or three secondary medical care areas, the population of which was estimated at 800,000 including 120,000 children. Twenty-six percent of outpatients and 43% of inpatients were those who had first visited the emergency unit. During the year 110 persons entered into our pediatric ICU, 45 persons underwent mechanical ventilation therapy, and an average of 7.4 patients stayed in hospital per day.We also reviewed the changes of the pediatric emergency care system of our hospital for 20 years. This system has gradually developed. Chronologically, the neonatal intensive care unit was set up in 1983, followed by the opening of the pediatric intensive care unit in 1986, the start of the 24-hour emergency medical care by pediatricians in 1993, the home mechanical ventilation therapy in 1996 and the respite care since 1997. In other words, our system developed from intensive care to primary care and home care—from in-hospital to out-hospital. These changes were the result of our effort to cope with regional features and meet demands : increase of younger children, insufficiency of pediatricians, expansion of medical area in our change and parents’ request for rediatrician’s examination at any time.In summary, an increasing number of patients who need pediatric emergency care tend to concentrate into one central hospital in a large region. Pediatric emergency care developed into general pediatric medicine including primary care and intensive care and home care.
Hospitals ; Emergency Care ; Pediatric ; seconds ; Child

Objective: To investigate the differences in clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric septic shock in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) among hospitals of different levels. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 368 children with septic shock treated in the PICU of Beijing Children's Hospital, Henan Children's Hospital, and Baoding Children's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021. Their clinical data were collected, including the general information, location of onset (community or hospital-acquired), severity, pathogen positivity, consistence of guideline (the rate of standard attainment at 6 h after resuscitation and the rate of anti-infective drug administration within 1 h after diagnosis), treatment, and in-hospital mortality. The 3 hospitals were national, provincial, and municipal, respectively. Furthermore, the patients were divided into the tumor group and the non-tumor group, and into the in-hospital referral group and the outpatient or emergency admission group. Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data. Results: The 368 patients aged 32 (11, 98) months, of whom 223 were males and 145 females. There were 215, 107, and 46 patients with septic shock, with males of 141, 51, and 31 cases, from the national, provincial, and municipal hospitals, respectively. The difference in pediatric risk of mortality Ⅲ (PRISM Ⅲ) scores among the national,provincial and municipal group was statistically significant (26(19, 32) vs.19(12, 26) vs. 12(6, 19), Z=60.25,P<0.001). The difference in community acquired septic shock among the national,provincial and municipal group was statistically significant (31.6%(68/215) vs. 84.1%(90/107) vs. 91.3%(42/46), χ²=108.26,P<0.001). There were no significant differences in compliance with guidelines among the 3 groups (P>0.05). The main bacteria detected in the national group were Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.4% (12/78)) and Staphylococcus aureus (15.4% (12/78)); in the provincial group were Staphylococcus aureus (19.0% (12/63)) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.7% (8/63)), and in the municipal group were Streptococcus pneumoniae (40.0% (10/25)) and Enteric bacilli (16.0% (4/25)). The difference in the proportion of virus and the proportion of 3 or more initial antimicrobials used among the national,provincial and municipal group was statistically significant (27.7% (43/155) vs. 14.9% (13/87) vs. 9.1% (3/33), 22.8%(49/215) vs. 11.2%(12/107) vs. 6.5%(3/46), χ²=8.82, 10.99, both P<0.05). There was no difference in the in-hospital mortality among the 3 groups (P>0.05). Regarding the subgroups of tumor and non-tumor, the national group had higher PRISM Ⅲ (31(24, 38) vs. 22 (21, 28) vs.16 (9, 22), 24 (18, 30) vs. 17(8, 24) vs. 10 (5, 16), Z=30.34, 10.45, both P<0.001), and it was the same for the subgroups of in-hospital referral and out-patient or emergency admission (29 (21, 39) vs. 23 (17, 30) vs. 15 (10, 29), 23 (17, 29) vs. 18 (10, 24) vs. 11 (5, 16), Z=20.33, 14.25, both P<0.001) as compared to the provincial and municipal group. There was no significant difference in the in-hospital mortality among the 2 pairs of subgroups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: There are differences in the severity, location of onset, pathogen composition, and initial antibiotics of pediatric septic shock in children's hospitals of different levels, but no differences in compliance with guidelines and in-hospital survival rate.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Septic/therapy* ; Hospitalization ; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ; Hospitals, Pediatric

Child ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Mass Screening

Child ; Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Hospitals, Pediatric

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and problems of Web sites for management of childhood and adolescent obesity. METHODS: We evaluated 203 Web sites identified from the search engine, Korean Yahoo, using the word of 'childhood and adolescent obesity'. 203 Web sites were classified according to medical institutions, health information Web sites, beauty shops. etc. We surveyed whether childhood and adolescent obesity distinguished with adult obesity was considered, or not. and researched the unique managements of childhood and adolescent obesity including the cardinal treatment. RESULTS: Of the 203 Web sites, 157(77.3%) provided detailed information about treatment of obesity, 46(22.7%) provided only simple information about one. The sites providing detailed information were composed of 52.2% of oriental medicine clinics, 35.0% of clinic and hospitals including pediatric hospitals. Distribution of the sites about management of childhood and adolescent obesity distinguished with adult's one was only 23% of oriental medicine clinics, but 93% of childrens hospitals. CONCLUSION: Without considering the speciality of childhood obesity, inaccurate information are distributing on internet web sites. It is necessary for concern and development of advertizing system on the internet distributing accurate information about treatment of childhood obesity.
Adolescent* ; Adult ; Beauty ; Child ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Internet ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Obesity ; Pediatric Obesity* ; Search Engine

PURPOSE: Acute diarrhea in young children is a major problem in pediatric hospitals worldwide. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of orally administered Lactobacillus acidophilus in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children. METHODS: From September 2002 to July 2003 at National Police Hospital 41 children aged 3 months to 5 years with acute diarrhea were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomized to one of two groups to receive either 0.5 x 10(8) colony forming unit (CFU) of L. acidophilus or matching placebo on admission and every 8 hours during hospitalization. RESULTS: The mean duration of diarrhea in all 41 children was decreased (p=0.001) in the L. acidophilus (40.5 hours) group compared to the placebo (56.6 hours) group. Stool frequency was also reduced (p=0.01) on the 3rd day in the L. acidophilus group. Rotavirus was identified in 58% of the patients. The decrease of duration of diarrhea was more significant in rotavirus-negative patients (p=0.002) compared to the rotavirus-positive patients (p=0.027). CONCLUSION: L. acidophilus shows to be an effective therapeutic agent in acute diarrhea in children. Further studies are needed to confirm the present findings.
Child* ; Diarrhea* ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Lactobacillus acidophilus* ; Lactobacillus* ; Police ; Probiotics ; Rotavirus ; Stem Cells

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify differences between the degree of nursing need and nursing performance as perceived by caregivers of hospitalized children. METHODS: Participants included 200 main caregivers from two pediatric hospitals where their children had been hospitalized for at least 2 days. Data were collected from October 30 to December 10, 2014. RESULTS: The degree (2.64+/-0.40) of nursing performance perceived by caregivers with hospitalized children was found to be significantly lower than that (3.39+/-0.21) of nursing needs of caregivers. Of nursing needs, direct nursing had the highest score at 3.59, and nursing assessment, the lowest at 3.23. For nursing performance, nursing assessment had the highest score at 2.76, and education and counseling, the lowest at 2.35. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that performance of nursing activities by nurses caring for hospitalized children do not meet the nursing needs of the caregivers. Therefore it is necessary to develop nursing strategies to reduce the gap between nursing needs and nursing performance.
Caregivers* ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized* ; Counseling ; Education ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Nursing Assessment ; Nursing*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of informational intervention delivered by electronic patient information board in the OR waiting room for reduction of anxiety of mothers with child having operation. METHOD: Nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used in this study. The subjects was 52 mothers whose children underwent elective surgery in one Pediatric Hospital. Informational intervention in this study consisted of four critical stages. State anxiety by Spielberger, mean arterial pressure, and heart rates at preoperative and postoperative period were measured. The data were analyzed by using Chi-Square test and t-test with SPSS/PC 10.0 program. RESULTS: 1) There was a significant difference in the state anxiety between the control and the experimental groups. 2) There was no significant difference in the mean arterial pressure between the two groups. 3) There was no significant difference in the heart rate between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that informational intervention delivered by electronic patient information board would be an effective intervention during the operation in reducing anxiety of mothers with child having operation.
Anxiety* ; Arterial Pressure ; Child* ; Data Display ; Heart Rate ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Postoperative Period