Gastrins ; metabolism ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; metabolism ; Growth Hormone ; metabolism ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; metabolism ; Thyroid Hormones ; metabolism

There exists a complex relationship between liver and thyroid hormones. Liver plays an important role in the activation, inactivation, transportation, and metabolism of thyroid hormones. At the same time, thyroid hormones also affect hepatocytes activity and liver metabolism, such as lipid and bilirubin metabolism. Importantly, thyroid hormone levels often change abnormally in patients with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, studying the change of thyroid hormone levels in patients with liver cirrhosis has a certain clinical value for assessing the severity, prognosis, diagnosis and treatment. This paper reviews the research progress on the relationship between liver cirrhosis and thyroid hormone.
Bilirubin ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism* ; Liver Cirrhosis/metabolism* ; Thyroid Hormones/metabolism*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the postburn dynamic changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal hormones in severely burned patients.

METHODSFifty burn patients were enrolled in the study. The plasma contents of total GC (cortisol), ACTH and aldosterone (ALDO) and urinary contents of 17-OHO and 17-KS were determined with radio-immunological assay (RIA) method after burn injury to compare with the normal values which were well established clinically.

RESULTSThe postburn plasma and urinary contents of the above indices were increased evidently with two peak values in shock and infectious stages, whilst the majority of he indices were lower than the normal values after 6 postburn weeks (PBWs). The values of these hormones were the lowest in dying patients. On the other hand, the values approached normal levels in those patients whose burn wounds were healing.

CONCLUSIONIncreases of the plasma and urinary levels of hypothalamus-pituitary -adrenal hormones in severely burned patients were constantly seen. Burn shock and infection seemed to be the two major factors in inducing postburn stress reaction in burn victims. Abrupt decrease of the hormone levels in plasma and or urine indicated adrenal failure predicting a poor prognosis of the burn patients.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; metabolism ; Adult ; Burns ; metabolism ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hypothalamic Hormones ; metabolism ; Male ; Pituitary Hormones ; metabolism ; Shock, Traumatic ; metabolism ; surgery ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo test the serum sexual hormone and sperm cytology in aspermia patients.

METHODSRadioimmunoassay (RIA) and Wright-Giemsa stain were used to detect serum sexual hormone and sperm cytology in 45 aspermia patients.

RESULTSAmong the 45 patients, spermatogenetic cells were detected in 16 patients(35.6%). The level of serum testerone were decreased in 16 patients, and FSH, LH were increased in 13 cases as well as that of PRL in 4 cases.

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggested that the testis function was demaged, the ratio of T/LH could further reflect the function of Leydig cells, the detection of PRL were significant only in diagnosis of aspermia induced by hypermia. It is an important index in identifying obstructive and non-obstructive aspermia and has important significance in estimating the extention of testis demage and commanding the clinical treatment of serum hormone detection and sperm cell analysis.

Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Oligospermia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Spermatogenesis

Sustained activation of sympathetic nervous system in response to stimulation of a wide variety of stress factors is an independent risk factor for the development of essential hypertension. Adrenal hormone biosynthesis pathway as an important part of the sympathetic nervous system consists of hormones, neurotransmitters, receptors, and a variety of synthases and invertases. In this article, we have systematically reviewed research progresses made in elucidating the interactions between genes of the adrenal hormone biosynthesis pathway and stress factors in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.
Animals ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVEThrough analysis of variation and function of five endogenous hormones (IAA, GA3, ABA, ZR and JA) in the formation of microtubers of Pinellia ternata in vitro to explore the physiological and biochemical mechanism of tubers' development.

METHODThe endogenous hormones of microtubers were isolated in different stages of tubers expansion when the leaf stalks of P. ternata were cultured on MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg x L(-1) + NAA 0.1 mg x L(-1) + sucrose 5% medium to induce the formation of microtubers, then them and stems were detected with Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).

RESULTThe results showed that the content of IAA, ABA, JA and ZR in the intumescentia period of microtubers were rapidly rising. The curve of GA3 appeared the type of anti-S.

CONCLUSIONIAA, ABA, JA, ZR and GA3 played an important role in controlling formation of microtubers in P. ternata.

Analysis of Variance ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Pinellia ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Tubers ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Time Factors

Cytokines ; immunology ; Embolism ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometriosis ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans

Endometriosis ; etiology ; metabolism ; Environmental Pollution ; Female ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Receptors, CCR ; metabolism

Neuronomodulation refers to the modulation of neural conduction and synaptic transmission (i.e., the conduction process involved in synaptic transmission) of excitable neurons via changes in the membrane potential in response to chemical substances, from spillover neurotransmitters to paracrine or endocrine hormones circulating in the blood. Neuronomodulation can be direct or indirect, depending on the transduction pathways from the ligand binding site to the ion pore, either on the same molecule, i.e. the ion channel, or through an intermediate step on different molecules. The major players in direct neuronomodulation are ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels. The key process of direct neuronomodulation is the binding and chemoactivation of ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels, either orthosterically or allosterically, by various ligands. Indirect neuronomodulation involves metabotropic receptor-mediated slow potentials, where steroid hormones, cytokines, and chemokines can implement these actions. Elucidating neuronomodulation is of great significance for understanding the physiological mechanisms of brain function, and the occurrence and treatment of diseases.
Ligands ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Synaptic Transmission/physiology* ; Ion Channels/metabolism* ; Hormones/metabolism*

The central nervous system (CNS) plays a key regulatory role in glucose homeostasis. In particular, the brain is important in initiating and coordinating protective counterregulatory responses when blood glucose levels fall. This may due to the metabolic dependency of the CNS on glucose, and protection of food supply to the brain. In healthy subjects, blood glucose is normally maintained within a relatively narrow range. Hypoglycemia in diabetic patients can increase the risk of complications, such as heart disease and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The clinical research finds that the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a positive effect on the treatment of hypoglycemia. Here the authors reviewed the current understanding of sensing and counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia, and discuss combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine and the theory of iatrogenic hypoglycemia in diabetes treatment. Furthermore, the authors clarify the feasibility of treating hypoglycemia on the basis of TCM theory and CNS and have an insight on its clinical practice.
Brain ; metabolism ; Central Nervous System ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus ; metabolism ; therapy ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; metabolism ; therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional