Clear cell hidradenoma is a much less common primary cutaneous tumor originated from sweat gland. Clinically this tumor occurs more frequently in female than in male and in patients of any age although there is a predilection for the middle and older age groups. The lesion is solitary and represents a cutaneous nodular and cystic mass of slow expansible growth. By light microscopy the lesion has been characterized as a solid cataneous tumor composed of clear epithelial cells which are focally arranged in glandular and cystic patterns. We observed a 37-year-old housewife who had suffered from a tumor on her back for 3 years. The tumor was a pedunculated, soft, fixed mass and 3. 5 * 3 * 1. 5 cm in size. Histopathologic finding showed the tumor to be composed of two main types of cells, fusiform and clear cells.
Acrospiroma* ; Adult ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy ; Sweat Glands

Since the invasiveness and metastatic potential of the carcinoma and the proliferation of the tumor cells are the decisional factors in determining the prognosis of carcinoma, it has been a principal area of study to foresee these factors in early stage of the disease process. The purpose of the study was to propose a method to precisely determine the prognosis of tumor. The investigation was performed, using laminin, type IV collagen, and Ki-67 antibody, to reveal the invasiveness and proliferation of the squamous cell carcinoma which is the most prevalent cancer in the area of oral and maxillofacial complex. Frozen tissue sections, 6-8mum in thickness, were prepared from the surgical excision of fresh squamous cell carcinoma for the experimental group. The control group was composed of sections from the normal oral mucosa of the contralateral side. Following incubation in an appropriate primary antibody including laminin, type IV collagen and Ki-67, LSAB method was employed and the tissue sections were treated with DAB for light microscopic immurlohistochemistry. Semiquantitative analysis of the basement membrane was composed of five different positivity of laminin and type IV collagen according to the intensity of the staining. Mean number of Ki-67 positive cells per 2000 total cells in one slide were calculated along with the standard deviation. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In the basement membrane of normal oral mucosa, antibodies against laminin and type IV collagen showed regular thickened, continuous line. Positive reaction was also detected in the vascular walls. Ki-67 labelling index was 4.10+/- 0.80%, and the positive cells were distributed mainly in the basal and parabasal cell layers. 2. In basement membrane of the proliferating tumor adjacent to carcinoma, antibodies against laminin and type IV collagen showed irregular thin, discontinuous line. Ki-67 labelling index was 18.95+/-4.67%, and the parabasal cell layer exhibited increased number of positive cells. 3. In the basement membrane of the main proliferating tumor, antibodies against laminin and type IV collagen showed almost indistinct interrupted line and/or almost indistinct line. Ki-67 labelling index was 31.56+/-5.51%, and the parabasal and spinous cell layer indicated increased cell positivity. 4. Invasive islands showed almost negative reaction to the antibody against type IV collagen, and almost indistinct line of the laminin antibody was observed. Based upon these findings, the loss of laminin and type IV collagen and the Ki-67 labelling index were the highest in the basement membrane of invasive islands. Therefore, it is thought that invasive islands were more deeply involved, than main proliferating tumor, in the invasiveness and proliferation of tumor, and the more the invasiveness of the tumor, the more the cell proliferative activity.
Antibodies ; Basement Membrane ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Collagen Type IV* ; Islands ; Laminin* ; Mouth Mucosa ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate*

Generalized perforating granuloma annulare is a rare variant of granuloma. annulare, which was first described by Duncan et al 1) in 1973. A 21-year-old female had hundreds of 3 to 5mm papules over the whole body, which were mainly distributed in the extremities and trunk since three months ago. Individual papules developed a central umbilication with a peripheral collarette of scale. Histopathologic examination showed an epidermal perforation and transepidermal elimination of necrobiotic material. The epidermal perforation communicated with areas of necrobiotic collagen surrounded by palisading granulorna in the dermis. We treated her with oral prednisolone and dapsone, but there was no clinical improvement.
Collagen ; Dapsone ; Dermis ; Extremities ; Female ; Granuloma Annulare* ; Granuloma* ; Humans ; Prednisolone ; Young Adult

Progressive cribriform and zosteriform hyperpigmentaion (PCZP) is a pigmentary disorder of the skin which was first described by Rower et al in 1978. The disorder is characterized clinically by uniformalyptan cribriform macular pigmentation in a zosteriform distibution and histopathologically by absence of nevus cells and increased melanin in the basal cells. The authors have experienced a case of PCZP in 21 year old Korean man which we believe is the first documented case in Korea. The patient noted light brown macules on his left inguinal area at the age of 17 which has gradually extended to become cribriform macular pigmentation in a zosteriform distribution. Histopathologic examination of the lesion showed an increase in basal melanin pigmentation. No nevus cells were present.
Humans ; Hyperpigmentation* ; Korea ; Melanins ; Nevus ; Pigmentation ; Skin ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Norepinephrine has modulatory effects on neuronal excitability and, in some cases, has a proconvulsant effect. Intraperitoneal imipramine treatment increases norepinephrine level, and to a lesser extent, dopamine and serotonin in brain dialysate from rats. We sought to determine the effects of imipramine on pilocarpine-induced seizures in the immature rats. METHODS: Right and left cortical and hippocampal electrodes were placed in 10~15 day old Sprague-Dawley rats. The following day 3-hour video EEG recordings were obtained to monitor electrographic seizures and status epilepticus induced by intraperitoneal injection of high dose(200mg/kg : HD) and low dose (75mg/kg : LD) pilocarpine. A first group of rats received HD pilocarpine alone(n=25), or pretreatment with 0.5(n=6). 1(n=6), 2(n=6), 5(n=6), or 10(n=11)mg/kg of imipramine. A second group of rats received LD pilocarpine alone(n=6) or pretreatment with 2mg/kg of imipramine (n=6). Data were analyzed using the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Treatment with HD pilocarpine alone resulted in electrographic seizures in 76%(n=19) and status epilepticus in 44%(n=11). In the HD pilocarpine group, status epilepticus was seen in 100% of rats pretreated 1, 2, and 5mg/kg imipramine. 90.9% of the rats pretreated with 10mg/kg of imipramine developed seizures and 36.4% developed status epilepticus. Imipramine at 0.5, 1,2, and 5mg/kg increased the incidence of seizures and status epilepticus in the HD pilocarpine group, but the incidence was statistically significant only for status epilepticus(p<0.05). The latency for the occurrence of first status epilepticus was 12.3+/-1.3 min in the HD pilocarpine alone group, and it was 21+/-3.8 min and 25.3+/-5.7 min in the group pretreated with 5 and 10mg/kg imipramine, respectively(p<0.02). Treatment with LD pilocarpine alone resulted in seizures in 50% and status epilepticus in 16.7%. In the LD pilocarpine group with imipramine 2mg/kg pretreatment, 83.3% had seizures and status epilepticus. Imipramine at 2mg/kg increased the incidence of seizures and status epilepticus in the LD pilocarpine group, but the increase was statistically significant only for status epilepticus(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Imipramine exhibits a proconvulsant effect at low doses and an anticonvulsant effect at high doses in the pilocarpine seizure model in immature rats. There may be a dose-dependent effect on monoaminergic receptors which results in increased neuronal excitability.
Animals ; Brain ; Dopamine ; Electrodes ; Electroencephalography ; Imipramine* ; Incidence ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Neurons ; Norepinephrine ; Pilocarpine ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seizures* ; Serotonin ; Status Epilepticus

No abstract available.
Asthma* ; Immunotherapy*

No abstract available.
Epilepsy*

Carbon monoxide is colorless, oolorless, tasteless and non-irritating gas produced by the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous rnaterial. It combines with hemoglobin and displaces oxygen because the affinity of hemoglobin for carbon monoxide is two hundred times greater than oxygen. Symptoma and signs of carbon monoxide poisoning include headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, collapse, unconsciousness, blindness, convulsion, coma and skin lesions. Recently we have observed seven patients with carbon monoxide poisoning who expressed cutaneous syrnptoms. In this work we investigated the pathogenesis of cutaneous manifestations of carbon monoxide poisoning through clinical, histologic and electronmicroscopic study. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Mental states of the patients were comatose in two, Semicomatcse in two, stuporous in two, and drowsy in one patient. In routine laboratory tests, we observed elevated blood sugar in six, elevated sorum creatinine phosphokinase in four and abnormal findings in urinalysis in all patients. 2. Cutaneous lesions were vesicobullae, plaque or swelling, erythema, gangrene and 'ulceration in order of frequency and located in the dependent areas in six caies. 3. Histopathologically, the sites of the bullae were subepidermal in four cases and intraepidermal in. one case and there was one case with ulceration. 4. In electronmicroscopic findings, secretory and ductal cells showed degenerative
Blindness ; Blood Glucose ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning* ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Coma ; Creatinine ; Dizziness ; Erythema ; Gangrene ; Headache ; Humans ; Nausea ; Oxygen ; Seizures ; Skin ; Stupor ; Ulcer ; Unconsciousness ; Urinalysis ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Cholecystectomy* ; Common Bile Duct* ; Humans