Phenytoin(DPH) has been reported to be a benefit in the cerebral ischemia. To study the effect of DPH in an experimental stroke model. We subjected 45 cats to middle cerebral artery(MCA) occlusion 4 hrs after the placement of a MCA clip by a retro-orbital approach. Infarct size was determined 2 days after MCA occlusion. 20 animals served as control and received saline 2 ml bolus. All of these animal observed 1 hour, 1 day and 2 days after the removal of clip. In 20 treated animals, DPH was administered 50 mg/kg bolus every 6 hours intravenously after removal of clip. Infarct size was not significantly different between the control and treated groups. However, in DPH treated group, CBF, CMRO2, CMRG SEP were improved in early stage of ischemia.
Animals ; Brain Ischemia* ; Cats ; Ischemia ; Phenytoin* ; Stroke

Serum thyroxine(T4), effective thyroxine index(ETI) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) were measured in 60 albino rats following laminectomy and cord injury produced by weight drop method. Thyroid hormones were measured at one and 100 minutes and, at 1, 3 and 7 days after injury by radioimmunoassay method. At 1 and 100 minutes, T4 was significantly reduced in both laminectomy and cord injured groups. TSH at 1 and 100 minutes were also elevated significantly. Gradual normalization of T4 and TSH showed at 7 days. It appeared likely that the opimal time to the administration of exogenous thyroid hormone would be before the 7th day of cord injury.
Animals ; Laminectomy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Hormones ; Thyroxine

The concepts of hydrocephalus can be applied at all conditions in which the intracranial volume of the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) is abnormally large in relation to the volume of the brain. The pathology of progressive hydrocephalus can only be understood on the basis of the anatomy of the CSF pathway, the sites of its production and absorption. Whatever are the causes, these seem to be five distinct ways in which hydrocephalus may occur 1) by an overproduction of CSF 2) by an obstruction to the out-flow of CSF 3) by obstruction in the communicating channels 4) by failure in development of or obstruction in the main absorption mechanism 5) by an increase in the protein content of the CSF. Neuroradiological investigations in the form of ventriculography and angiography are valuable before the introduction of computed tomography of brain(CSF). Nowdays, brain CT is available as a non-invasive and accurate diagaostic method.
Absorption ; Angiography ; Brain ; Hydrocephalus* ; Pathology

A study has been made of efferent single fibers in the cat whose axon is projected to the cardiac branches of the right vagus. The main objective of this experiment was to replicate some of the mechanisms involving vagal efferent discharges and to observe the effect of somatic stimulation, pain and coldness, on the discharges. Electrical activities of a single of a single fiber were recorded on the central segments of small cut strands separated from the right cervical vagus under the pentobarbital sodium anesthesia. The fiber was considered to be cardio-inhibitory in function because of the activity in inverse effect on the heart rate in almost all conditions. Pain and cold stimulation of skin reflexly excited these fibers, as did stimulation of baroreceptor in the carotid sinus. Response to the somatic stimulation applied on the skin, by the increase of impulse frequency, amplitude, discharge duration and pulse rate of electrical discharges were observed. The auther observed that efferent fibers in the cutaneous nerve excited the cardiac efferent vagal fibers in response to reflex stimulation.
Anesthesia ; Animals ; Axons ; Carotid Sinus ; Cats ; Heart Rate ; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated ; Pentobarbital ; Pressoreceptors ; Reflex ; Skin

No abstract available.
Genes, myc* ; Neuroblastoma* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Leptospirosis*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Leptospirosis*

Naloxone has been recently reported to be benefit in the treatment of CNS ischemia. To study the effect of naloxone in an experimental stroke model, we subjected 20 adult cats to middle cerebral artery clipping for 4 hours by a retro-orbital extradural approach. Cerebral blood flow(CBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen(CMRO2), cerebral metabolic rate of glucose(CMRG) and arterial pH were studied at postoperative 1 hour, 1 days, and 2 day. 10 cats were treated with nalxone 0.4mg intravenously every 2 hours for postoperative 48 hours. 10 cats were treated in a similar fashion with physiological saline(control group). The results are as follows; 1) The naloxone treated group showed increased CBF at the postoperative 1 hour. But after the 24 hours, there was not a significant difference in 2 groups. 2) The naloxone treated group showed decreased CMRO2 throughout the period when compared with control group. 3) The naloxone treated group showed decreased CMRG throughout the period when compared with control group. 4) Metabolic acidosis was improved by naloxone at the postoperative 1 hour and 24 hour when compared with control group.
Acidosis ; Adult ; Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; Cats ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Ischemia* ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Naloxone* ; Stroke

Granular cell myoblastoma is an uncommon tumor occurring on the skin as a single nodule. The tumor are generally small, the usual size being 0.5 to 2cm in diameter. Its rate of growth is usually slow. It is found in nearly equal distribution in men and women and is most common in the third to fifth decade of life. This is a case report of a 37-year-old woman with solitary nodular mass on right brachial plexus. The histopathology of the lesion revealed the pale cytoplasm filling with characteristic granules. Nerve bundles are often seen among or adjacent to the tumor cells. The histogenesis of this tumor is still disputed but the most accepted theory today is the neural derivation. The treatment of choice is surgical excision.
Adult ; Brachial Plexus* ; Cytoplasm ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Male ; Skin

The authors present a case of cervical syringomyelia associated with cerebellar mixed oligoastrocytoma in an 18-month-old boy who was normally delivered at full-term. The child presented with an increasing incidence of vomiting and irritability, and a poor truncal control. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed cerebellar vermian tumor with an obstructive hydrocephalus and a small-sized syringomyelia at the 6th cervical vertebral level. The tumor was completely removed via suboccipital craniectomy. Histologically, the tumor consisted of mixed oligo-astrocytoma. The cervical syringomyelia was conservatively managed with no specific operative treatment. At two months postoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed a remarkable reduction in size of the syringomyelic cavity.
Astrocytoma ; Brain ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; Child ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Incidence ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Spine ; Syringomyelia* ; Vomiting