Objective:Colorectal cancer is related to antioxidative ability and oxidative stress level.The aim of the study was to evaluate the oxidative stress in colorectal cancer patients and to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and colorectal cancer.Methods:A total of 60 subjects(30 colorectal cancer patients,30 normal healthy controls) were examined in the study and estimated the protein oxidation,DNA damage,lipid peroxidation and antioxidants-vitamin C,vitamin E,glutathione(GSH) and antioxidative enzymes in serum,respectively.Results:Statistically significantly higher values of protein carbonyl and advanced oxidation protein products(AOPP) were observed in colorectal cancer patients(P

Objective To establish MSP (methylation-specific PCR) method for detecting bcl-2 gene, to study bcl-2 methylation in the development of breast cancer and the relationship between bcl-2 methylation and expression. Methods Designing the MSP primer of bcl-2 gene, the methylations in CpG island of bcl-2 gene 5'-regulatory region in 30 cases of normal, 25 cases of atypical hyperplasia(precancerous condition), 40 cases of lymphnode(-)(low-stage) and 45 cases of lymphnode(+)(high-stage) breast tissue were detected by using MSP. The expressions of bcl-2 were detected by using SP immunohistochemical technique. Results The positive rates of bcl-2 methylation in normal, atypical hyperplasia, lymphnode(-) and lymphnode(+) breast tissue were 10.0%,32.0%,40.0% and 53.3% respectively. The methylation of bcl-2 was increased and the expression of bcl-2 was decreased in the development of breast cancer(P

Objective To discuss the application of implantation temporary cardiac pacing by balloon-tipped floating catheter for peroperative period patients. Method Thirty-three patients with severe bradyarrhythmia were received the balloon-tipped floating catheter to RV by Seldinger puncture technique.Meantime, the pacing signals of ECG were observed. The threshold and QRS waves to ensure the electrode position were determined. Result All of 33 cases were successfully punctured and 32 cases get paced, except 1 case had the electro - mechanical dissociation (EMD). Pacing threshold was less than 0. 9V, and mean remaining time was 12.47 ～ 161 (67. 05 ±34. 48) hours. Apical pacing was operated in 23 patients,and right ventricular outflow tract pacing in 10 patients. No severe complications were occurred. Conclusion The implantation method of temporary cardiac pacing by balloon-tipped floating catheter was convenient and safe. It could help the patients get safety in anesthesia and peroperative period.

BACKGROUND:As an important industrial solvent,benzene can cause DNA damage,chromosome aberrence,formation of DNA adducts and gene mutation. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of benzene on DNA and the mechanism,as well as the changes of antioxidase system it caused. DESIGN:Randomized case control study. SETTING:The Department of Clinical Laboratory of First Affiliated Hospital and Public Health College of Harbin Medical University. PARTICIPANTS:The experiment was completed in the Animal Centre in Public Health College,Harbin Medical University.Twenty-four healthy male mice of Kunming species weighed between 18 g to 22 g were chosen.The mice were provided by Experimental Animal Centre of Second Affiliated Hospital,Harbin Medical University. INTERVENTIONS:The mice were divided into control group,low dose benzene group and high dose benzene group.Inhaling benzene smoke method was used 4 hours per day to cause benzene poisoning to mice except those of the control group.The mice were executed two months later to separate marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes and remove liver,spleen and brain to make homogenate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was used to assay the DNA damages of marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes.Meanwhile,the contents of superoxide dismulase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in liver,spleen and brain tissues were also detected. RESULTS:The comet percentage of marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes in two benzene poisoning groups were(83.56± 10.28),(92.54± 15.93)% ,and(41.27± 6.03)% ,(65.79± 11.62)% respectively which were much higher than those in control group[(4.13± 0.52)% ,(2.21± 0.31)% ](P< 0.01) and represented dose-response relationship.The SOD activity of liver homogenate and GSH-Px activity of high dose and low dose groups were (11 573.31± 1 938.72),(12 574.68± 1 938.72) nkat/g and (309.40± 82.85),(375.41± 55.18) nkat/g respectively which were much lower than those in control group [(16 668.67± 3 137.96),(588.62± 110.52) nkat/g] (P< 0.05).However, there was no significant difference between different dose groups. The GSH-Px activity in spleen homogenate in two experimental groups was(421.75± 124.02) and(523.10± 45.18) nkat/g respectively which was much lower than that of control group [(618.42± 57.01) nkat/g](P< 0.05) and there was significant difference between two groups (P< 0.05).In the brain homogenate of both benzene groups,the GSH-Px activity was(87.35± 19.84) and(95.02± 14.00) nkat/g respectively which was much lower than that of control group[(118.36± 7.67) nkat/g] (P< 0.05) and without difference between two groups.The MDA content in brain homogenate of high dose group was(3.99± 1.15) μ mol/mg which was much higher than that of control group [(2.58± 0.53) μ mol/g] (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION:Chronic benzene poisoning can cause DNA impairment of marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes and reduce the activity of antioxidase.

Objective To evaluate the association between hyperglycaemia at admission and in-hospital outcomes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Three hundreds and fifty-four patients with AMI and underwent PCI were divided into 3 groups according to the glucose level on admission: group A (n=132), ＜7.80 mmol/L;group B (n=120), 7.80-11.00 mmol/L;group C (n=102), ≥11.00 mmol/L. Results Patients in group C had higher cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides levels than those in group A. Compared with group A, there were higher incidence of multi-vascular diseases and higher corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) in angiography in group B and group C. Cardiac events and in-hospital mortality in group B and group C were higher than those of group A, while statistical difference was found between group C and group A. Conclusion Elevated admission glucose level in AMI patients with primary PCI is associated with worse prognosis, increased major adverse cardiac events and higher in-hospital mortality.

We applied Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) combined with brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) to study the change of alertness under sleep deprivation in our research. Ten subjects were involved in 36 hours sleep deprivation (SD), during which spontaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) experiments and auditory evoked EEG experiments-Oddball were recorded once every 6 hours. Spontaneous and evoked EEG data were calculated and BEAMs were structured. Results showed that during the 36 hours of SD, alertness could be divided into three stages, i. e. the first 12 hours as the high stage, the middle 12 hours as the rapid decline stage and the last 12 hours as the low stage. During the period SD, LZC of Spontaneous EEG decreased over the whole brain to some extent, but remained consistent with the subjective scales. By BEAMs of event related potential, LZC on frontal cortex decreased, but kept consistent with the behavioral responses. Therefore, LZC can be effective to reflect the change of brain alertness. At the same time LZC could be used as a practical index to monitor real-time alertness because of its simple computation and fast calculation.
Attention ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Sleep Deprivation

Objective To evaluate the ultrasound guidance method in central venous catheterization (CVC) via the axillary vein.Methods Totally 1369 CVC patients in our center from November 2010 to October 2012 were enrolled in this study.They were randomly divided into two groups based on their different procedures:ultrasound group (n =687):the central veins were assessed using ultrasound,and catheters were placed via axillary vein with ultrasound guidance ; and control group (n =682):CVC was performed using the anatomical landmark method.The operation time,one-attempt success rate,complications,and malposition rate were compared between these two groups.Results The ultrasound group had significantly shorter operation duration than the control group [(7.8± 2.2) min vs (8.4 ± 1.7) min,P =0.000],higher one-attempt success rate [(96.0％ (659/687) vs 81.7％ (557/682),P =0.000],and lower complications and malposition rate [0.6％ (4/687) vs3.7％ (25/682),P=0.000; 0.6％ (4/687) vs2.1％ (14/682),P=0.017,respectively].Conclusions Compared with the conventional landmark method via subclavical vein,ultrasound-guided CVC via axillary vein method can effectively increase success rate,decrease operation duration,attempts of puncture,and complication rate,and avoid catheter malposition.Therefore,the ultrasound method can improve the safety and accuracy of the CVC procedure and deserves wider clinical application.

Fatigue is an exhaustion state caused by prolonged physical work and mental work, which can reduce working efficiency and even cause industrial accidents. Fatigue is a complex concept involving both physiological and psychological factors. Fatigue can cause a decline of concentration and work performance and induce chronic diseases. Prolonged fatigue may endanger life safety. In most of the scenarios, physical and mental workloads co-lead operator into fatigue state. Thus, it is very important to study the interaction influence and its neural mechanisms between physical and mental fatigues. This paper introduces recent progresses on the interaction effects and discusses some research challenges and future development directions. It is believed that mutual influence between physical fatigue and mental fatigue may occur in the central nervous system. Revealing the basal ganglia function and dopamine release may be important to explore the neural mechanisms between physical fatigue and mental fatigue. Future effort is to optimize fatigue models, to evaluate parameters and to explore the neural mechanisms so as to provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for complex task designs and fatigue monitoring.
Attention ; Brain ; physiology ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Mental Fatigue ; Workload

Vigilance is defined as the ability to maintain attention for prolonged periods of time. In order to explore the variation of brain vigilance in work process, we designed addition and subtraction experiment with numbers of three digits to induce the vigilance to change, combined it with psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) to measure this process of electroencephalogram (EEG), extracted and analyzed permutation entropy (PE) of 11 cases of subjects' EEG and made a brief comparison with nonlinear parameter sample entropy (SE). The experimental results showed that: PE could well reflect the dynamic changes of EEG when vigilance decreases, and has advantages of fast arithmetic speed, high noise immunity, and low requirements for EEG length. This can be used as a measure of the brain vigilance indicators.
Attention ; Brain ; physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Entropy ; Humans ; Mathematics

Mental fatigue is an important factor of human health and safety. It is important to achieve dynamic mental fatigue detection by using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for fatigue prevention and job performance improvement. We in our study induced subjects' mental fatigue with 30 h sleep deprivation (SD) in the experiment. We extracted EEG features, including relative power, power ratio, center of gravity frequency (CGF), and basic relative power ratio. Then we built mental fatigue prediction model by using regression analysis. And we conducted lead optimization for prediction model. Result showed that R2 of prediction model could reach to 0.932. After lead optimization, 4 leads were used to build prediction model, in which R' could reach to 0.811. It can meet the daily applicatioi accuracy of mental fatigue prediction.
Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Mental Fatigue ; Models, Biological ; Sleep Deprivation