From ethyl acetate fraction of Chinese Anthopleura xanthogrammica B, collected from Qingdao beach, three new glycerolipids named 1-O-hexadecanoyl-2-O (9-oc-tadecenoyl )-3-O-( 9, 12-octadecadienoyl ) glycerol (3)'1-O-hexadecahoyl-3-O-(14-eiosyle-cenoyl)glycerol (4)and l-O-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)-2-O-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)glycerol (5) as well as two lipidic acids named 9,12-octadecadienoic acidd) and 9,14-docosandienoic acid (2) were isolated. Their structures were identified by various spectrial(IR,PNMR ,CNMR, MS,et al)analysis and chemical conversion.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Rhodiola kirilowii.Methods The compounds were separated and purified by various chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods.Results Five compounds were purified and their structures were identified as 4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-butanenitrfle (1),epicatechin (2),arbutin (3),rutin (4),and β-D-glucose (5).Conclusion Compound 1 is a new cyano-compound and other compounds are isolated from the plant for the first time.

To study the chemical constituents of sea anemone, Anthopleura stell Verrill.Methods　The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods and their structures elucidated by chemical evidences and spectra data.Results　5 nucleosides were obtained and identified from the ethanolic extract as 2-hydroxy purine (Ⅰ); deoxyinosine (Ⅱ); 1-methylxanthosine (Ⅲ); deoxyguanosine (Ⅳ), and deoxyribo-thymidine (Ⅴ).Conclusion　Compound Ⅲ was a new natural product， while the others were found from sea anemone for the first time.

Object Isolation and structural identification of xanthone derivative from medicinal plant Swertia mileensis T N Ho et W L Shih were carried out Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by extensive silica gel column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by chemical evidences and spectral analysis Results There were 12 xanthone analogues named 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 4, 5 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅰ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 7 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅱ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 5, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅲ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3 dimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅳ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3, 7 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅴ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 5 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅵ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3, 4, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅶ); 1, 8 dihydroxy 2, 3, 6 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅷ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 4, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅸ); 1, 2, 3, 5 tetromethoxyxanthone, (Ⅹ); 1 hydroxyl 2, 3, 4, 6 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅺ); 1 hydroxyl 2, 3, 6, 8 tetramethoxyxanthone, ( ⅩⅡ ) Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅶ ⅩⅡ were first isolated from S. mileensis

Objective: To investigate the secondary metabolites from Chinese marine Sponge Cinachyrella australiensis. Methods: Column chromatography techniques including HPLC were used for the separation and purification of the compounds, and extensive spectral analyses including various 2D NMR spectra were employed for structure elucidation. Results: Nineteen compounds were obtained ,including 2 methyoxy 6,12,15 trien 8 yne octadecanoic acid(1), 2 benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester(2), 1,2 benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2 ethylhexyl)ester(3), ( ) (3S) 1,2,3,4 tetrahydro ? carboline 3 carboxylic acid(4), L Tryptophan (5), p hydroxylbenzaldehyde (6), p hydroxyl benzylethanol(7), p hydroxyl benzyl propanol(8), cholesta 4 en 3 ol(9), 2 methyl 6 amino 9 (2 deoxy ? D ribofuranosyl purine(10), 2' Deoxyadenosine (11), 6 amino 9 ? D ribofuranosyl 9H purine (12),uracil(13), thymine(14), thymidine(15), 1 (2 deoxy ? D Ribofuranosyl)uracil(16), 1 ethyl ? (2 deoxy) ? D ribofuranos(17),isolumichrome(18),and zarzissine(19).Conclusion:Compounds 1 and 18 are new natural products,and compounds 2 to 17 as well as 19 are isolated from this species for the first time.

From 95% alcohol extract of Ascidian Styela clava, collected from the shallow bay near Qingdao City, Shandong Province, six compounds, named, isovaleramide (1), thymine (2), thymidine (3), uracil (4), 2'-deoxyuridine (5) and ?-palmityl glycerin ether (6) were isolated,. Their structures were elucidated by various spectral analysis (IR, MS, ~1HNMR, ~(13)CNMR) and comparison of chemical and physical data with authentic samples reported in literatures. All of these compounds are first reported to be isolated from Ascidian Styela clava.

It has been shown that Spirulina platensis can regulate imminological functions.We report here that crude extract and purified components (phycocyanin and polysaccharide) from Spirulina platensis can induce secretion of IL 2 in splenocyte of BALB/C mice by means of MTT method.In the present study,we showed that all experimental components can't enhance proliferation of CTLL which was used in MTT method,but induce IL 2 secretion in splenocyte of BALB/C mice in three different concentration (0.01,0.1,1 g?L -1 ).Indeed the purified components especially phycocyanin part showed stronger IL 2 inducing activity than the crude one.IL 2 level was grow up when the incubation time of splenocyte and Spirulina platensis increased.In the concentration of 1 g?L -1 ,detected Spirulina platensis in our study assist IL 2 inducing of ConA (2mg?L -1 ) in splenocyte of BALB/C mice.

Objective To study the relationship between psychological health and social support and coping style in general hospitals. Methods 756 nurses from 3 general hospitals were enrolled by cluster sampling and were investigated by Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),Social Support Rate Scale(SSRS)and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ).The investigation results were analyzed. Results The general level of psychological health of nurses was not optimistic with a positive rate Of 37.04％. The somatizatlon factor of the head nurses was different from that Of normal nurses. Significant difference existed in the following aspects such as somatization, depression and terror factors between night shift nurses and day shift nurses. Relativity could be seen between social support and coping style and psychological health. Conclusion Hospital managers should attach importance to the psychological health of nurses. At the same time they should supply positive social support and instrucitons of coping style to improve the general level of psychological health.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of aerial part of Rabdosia serra.

METHODThe compounds were isolated by extraction, coloum chromatography over silica gel and ODS, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by various spectroscopic methods including MS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR data.

RESULTSix compounds were isolated from R. serra and were characterized as ent-1alpha, 7alpha, 14beta, 20-tetrahydroxy-11, 16-kauradien-15-one (1), kamebakaurin (2), dihydrokamebakaurin (3), rabdoinflexin A (4), daucosterol( 5), and beta-sitosterol (6).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 is a new compound, and coumpound 3 was obtained from this plant for the first time.

Isodon ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of kirenol on bovine type II collagen (CII)-specific lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro, and explore the mechanism of kirenol-induced immunosuppression in antigen-specific lymphocytes.

METHODSTwenty-four Wistar rats were randomized into control group, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model group, kirenol group (2 mg/kg), and prednisolone group (2 mg/kg). After CII injection, the rats in the latter two groups received intragastric administration of kirenol and prednisolone for 30 days, and the spleens and draining lymph nodes of the rats were harvested to prepare single cell suspensions for measurement of the cytokine levels using ELISA. In the in vitro experiment, the lymphocytes from the control rats, with or without 20 µg/ml CII treatment in the presence of 0-80 µg/ml kirenol, were evaluated for cell proliferation and apoptosis using [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation and flow cytometry, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with those in CIA group, IFN-γ and TNF-α production was significantly reduced in splenocyte culture supernatant of kirenol group (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), and the level of IL-10 and IL-4 was up-regulated (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively); IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion by the cultured lymph node cells (LNCs) significantly decreased (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively) and IL-10 and IL-4 production increased (P<0.05, P<0.001) in kirenol group. In the in vitro experiment, kirenol treatment caused obvious suppression of CII-induced LNC proliferation and dose-dependently induced antigen-specific apoptosis of the splenocytes and LNCs.

CONCLUSIONKirenol treatment reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, increases anti-inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of CII-specific lymphocytes in vitro, suggesting the potential of kirenol as an immunosuppressant.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Cattle ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type II ; immunology ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar