BACKGROUND: In traditional Chinese medicine, both deficiency as primary and excess as secondary and deficiency of qi and blood stasis are common symptoms in dialectical logy of atherosclerosis (AS). Therefore, qi-benefiting drugs are the main component of qi-benefiting and blood-activating intervention. However, the best dose relationship between qi-benefiting and blood-activating drugs needs to be further studied.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of qi-benefiting and blood-activating intervention on the expression of aortic vascular cell adhesion molecule-1mRNA (VCAM-1mRNA) in AS models and analyze dose-effect relationship between astragalus and sanchi.DESIGN: Randomized control animal study.SETTING: Shanxi Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Shanxi Medical University in April 2005. A total of 60 healthy male Wistar rats were selected in this study. The main reagents were quercetin (Shaanxi Huike Plant Co., Ltd., batch number:20041112), saponins of panax notoginseng (PNS, Kunming Yagechen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number:20050118) and ligustrazine (Yuxin Guoji Longyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number: 20041204).METHODS: Model establishment: Wistar rats were administrated AS feeds (including 10% yolk powder, 5% lard, 0.5% bile salt and 85% basic feed) for 3 months. Grouping and administration: At threedays after suitability feeding, 8 rats were randomly selected, regarded as the normal control group and given general feeds, and other 52 rats were fed with AS feeds. Three months later, 4 rats were randomly selected for the measurements of lipid and aortic tissue. And then, the models were established successfully. In addition, 48 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. ① Astragalus treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d) quercetin. ② Sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d)PNS. ③ 2∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d) quercetin and 0.05 g/(kg·d) PNS.④ 3∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.15 g/(kg·d) quercetin and 0.05 g/(kg·d) PNS. ⑤Ligustrazine treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.2 g/(kg ·d) ligustrazine (Yuxin Guoji Longyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). ⑥ Normal control group: Rats were fed with general feeds. ⑦ Model group: Rats were fed with general feeds after successful model estalishement. Thirty days after administration, relative expression of VCAM-1mRNA inaorta was measured with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique; moreover, 2 mL venous blood was collected from tail to measure the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Relative expression of VCAM-1mRNA in aorta; ② level of lipid.RESULTS: Among 60 male Wistar rats, three rats in the treatment group died because of perfusion and two rats in the model group died due to accident; therefore, a total of 51 rats were involved in the final analysis. ① High-lipid diet could promote the formation of AS models. Level of lipid was higher in the model group than that in the normal control group (P＜ 0.05), and leves of serum TC, TG and LDL-C were lower in the interventions group than those in the model group (P ＜0.05). ② Expression of VCAM-1mRNA was not found in the normal control group. Expression of VCAM-1mRNA was lower in the intervention groups than that in the model group. Expression of VCAM-1mRNA (0.42±0.02) was the lowest in 3∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group, and there were significant differences as compared with other intervention groups (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Astragalus and sanchi, a main component of qi-benefiting and blood-activating herbs, can down-regulate the level of lipid and resist AS; meanwhile, the combination of them is superior to the single application; in addition, with the increasing deal of qi-benefiting drugs, the function against AS is strengthened.

Objective To study the radiographic findings of lymphoproliferative disorders of the lung. Methods Twenty five patients with lymphoproliferative disorders of the lung were examined by X ray film, tomography, and CT. Results Multiple and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were observed in 2 patients with pulmonary pseudolymphoma. Multiple nodules or masses were observed in 4 patients with pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy was observed in each patient with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenophathy, 2 patients had multiple nodules or masses, 8 patients had single or multiple patchy infiltrations, 10 had diffuse interstitial infiltrations. 3 patients with Castlemen′ disease had a mass in the mediastinum, and another patient had mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Conclusion Radiographic findings of lymphoproliferative disorders of the lung are varied, and the final diagnosis relies on pathology.

Objective　To study the radiographic findings in the diagnosis of pulmonary lymphoma and pseudolymphoma. Methods　Eight patients with pulmonary lymphoma and 2 with pseudolymphoma were examined by X-ray film, tomography, and CT. Results　Single or multiple nodules or masses were observed in 8 patients with pulmonary lymphoma, shaggy borders or halo of ground-glass attenuation in 7 patients, 2 patients had multiple patchy infiltrates bilaterally, 2 had diffuse interstitial infiltrates and 1 had miliary nodules. Multiple consolidations with air bronchogram and without hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were observed in 2 patients with pulmonary pseudolymphoma. Conclusion　Radiographic findings of pulmonary lymphoma were varied, the most common findings were the nodules or masses with shaggy borders or halo of ground-glass attenuation. The specific findings of pulmonary pseudolymphoma were multiple consolidations with air bronchogram and without hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The final diagnosis relied on pathology.

One hundred and fifty cases of gouty arthritis were divided into two groups.Treatment group(85 cases) were treated with Tong Feng lotion and control group(65 cases)with external application of Voltaren. Results indicated that Tong Feng lotion could improve clinical symptoms and function of joints, and decrease blood sedimentation,reaction protien C,blood uric acid and blood viscosity; the total effective rate was 89.42% in the treatment group and 75.38% in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05); there was no obvious relation between therapeutic effects and TCM syndrome types.

Objective To study the protective effect of Shenkang injection on peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) mice, and explore the possible mechanism. Methods Forty ICR mice were randomly divided into blank control (A) group, peritoneal dialysis (B) group, low dose of Shenkang (C) group ( 2.5%dialysate+5 mL/kg Shenkang injection), medium (D) group (2.5% dialysate+10 mL/kg Shenkang injection) and high (E) group (2.5% dialysate+ 20 mL/kg Shenkang injection). Mice were observed for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride and C-reactive protein (CRP) were detected by biochemical assay. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) levels of serum and dialysate were detected by ELISA. Pathological changes of peritoneal tissue were observed by HE staining. Expression and mRNA transcription levels of these four cytokines in the peritoneal tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining and real-time PCR respectively. Results There were no significant differences in body weight, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride between 5 groups of mice (P>0.05). Compared with group B, there was no significant difference in CRP level between group C and group E, but which was significantly decreased in group D (P<0.05). The serum and dialysate levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF and CTGF were decreased in group C and group D. The serum and dialysate levels of TNF-αand TGF-β1 were significantly increased in group E (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between VEGF and CTGF in group E. Compared with group E, except for CTGF in dialysate of group C, the serum and dialysate levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF and CTGF were significant decreased in group C and group D (P<0.05). Damaged PMCs were found in group B, which were improved in various degrees in group C, group D and group E. Compared with group B, the protein expression and mRNA relative transcription levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF and CTGF tended to decrease gradually in group C, group D and group E (P<0.05). Conclusion A certain concentration of Shenkang injection can protect PMCs by inhibiting the expression of TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF and CTGF in CAPD mice, so as to control the occurrence and development of peritoneal fibrosis.

Objective:To explore the effect of continuous quality improvement theory on patients' satisfaction and nurses'perception of working environment.Methods:Quality nursing service satisfaction survey was conducted in 450 patients,at the same time,100 nurses were investigated for the situation of working environment.Patients' satisfaction and the status of nurses' perception of their own work environment were compared before and after the implementation of continuous quality improvement theory.Results:After the implementation of continuous quality improvement theory,both patients' satisfaction and nurses' perception of working environment were significantly improved (P ＜ 0.05).Gonclusions:Continuous quality improvement theory can improve the satisfaction of patients with high quality nursing service,and enhance the nurses' perception of their working environment.

: Objective To analyse the characteristics of symptoms, signs and electrophysiology in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) with peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) gene duplication abnormality.Methods 61 patients with CMT, 14 patients with family history and 47 sporadic patients were included. PMP22 gene duplication fragment was detected with PCR-double enzyme cutting assay. Medical history, signs were collected. Some of them received lumbar puncture and sural nerve pathological examination. Results The main clinical manifestation of the patients with PMP22 gene duplication abnormlity were asthenia of both lower extremities, especially dorsiflexion of foot, accompanied with distal atrophy (especially bilateral legs), some with upper extremity distal atrophy, ankle hyporeflexia or vanished and sensory disturbance. Protein in cerebrospinal fluid may increase, giant potential and conduction velocity of sensory and motor nerve decreased. Sural nerve biopsies revealed demyelination accompanied with axonal degeneration.Conclusion The main clinical manifestation of patients with PMP22 gene duplication abnormlity is charactered as the distal atrophy and asthenia of lower limbs, accompanied with sensory abnormlity. Myelin sheath and axonal alteration were found in electromyogram and peripheral nerve pathology.

Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiologic features of infection in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Methods The incidence, sites and pathogen species of infection 1 year after diagnosis in 189 patients with LN were retrospectively analyzed, and the relationships between the clinical, histological types, treatment programs and infection were analyzed. Results Among 189 LN patients (16 males and 173 females), 97 patients had infection (infection group), and 92 patients had not infection (non-infection group). The incidence of infection was 51.3% (97/189), while the incidence of nosocomial infection was 39.7%(75/189). In infection group, the patients had 133 infection episodes, and the principal infection sites were lung and urinary tract system, accounting for 67.7% (90/133); the principal pathogen was bacteria, accounting for 72.9%(97/133), and the second was virus, accounting for 17.3% (23/133). Different clinical or pathological types and treatment options of LN had different infection rates, but there were no statistical differences (P>0.05). The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with glucocorticoid + cyclophosphamide double impact was significantly higher than that in patients treated with glucocorticoid + mycophenolate mofetil: 52.9% (45/85) vs. 7.7% (2/26), and there was statistical difference (P<0.01). One year after diagnosis, the mortality in infection group was significantly higher than that in non-infection group:8.2%(8/97) vs. 1.1%(1/92), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusions The more serious the clinical and pathological types, the higher the incidence of infection. The incidence of infection is associated with the treatment options. Infection is still the most important reason for LN patients′death.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of accurate airway humidification on hemorrhage, pharyngalgia, mucosal edema and sputum viscosity in patients with low-temperature plasma coblation-assisted tonsillectomy.METHODS58 cases were divided into three groups by using random numbers.In accurate airway humidification group, atomizing inhalation was carried out by AIRVOTM series apparatus; in oxygen atomizing group, budesonide suspension was used; in control group, saline was used. We evaluated the hemorrhage, pharyngalgia, mucosal edema and sputum viscosity in 3 consecutive postoperative days.RESULTSPharyngalgia in accurate airway humidification group and in oxygen atomizing group were both significantly reduced than that of the control group (P<0.001). Besides, in accurate airway humidification group, mucosal edema and sputum viscosity were significantly improved than that of the oxygen atomizing group (P<0.05) and control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONAccurate airway humidification could reduce the complications such as pharyngalgia, mucosal edema and purulent sputum after low-temperature plasma coblation-assisted tonsillectomy, and could accelerate recovery from surgery.

Objective To investigate the effects of training of Bobath position transfer technique for nurses.Methods Thirty nurses were recruited in the study using convenience sampling and received training of Bobath transfer technique.Five variables were evaluated before and after training:transfer skills,transfer intensity,sense of comfort,and sense of comfort and sense of security from simulated patients.Results Nurses' transfer skills and sense of comfort were higher after training (P＜0.05).Transfer intensity was lower than before (P＜0.05).Sense of comfort and sense of security from simulated patients were improved after the training (P＜0.05).Conclusion Training of Bobath transfer technique can improve nurses' transfer skills and promote sense of comfort and sense of security from simulated patients.