ObJective To acknowledge the sleep status of infants and analyze the influencing factors of sleep problems in them. Methods The sleep status of 136 infants and its influencing factors were investigat-ed using questionnaires, the results underwent descriptive analysis, single-factor analysis and multifactor anal-ysis. Results Difficulty in falling asleep was the major sleep problems, then was frequent night awakening. The influencing factors included: family type, education degree of the parents, inhabited environment, the feed-ing mode after birth, the period of supplementary protein dietary addition, the times of taking food through the night, and the sleep position, the bed, the emotion when falling asleep, etc. Conclusions Sleep problems is ubiquity in infants,and the unproper child rearing behaviors is the major influencing factor. In order to prevent sleep problems in infants and improve the quality of sleep in them, the parents need health guidance.

Objective To evaluate the graduation clinical skill examination based on objective structured clinical examination(OSCE) for college nursing undergraduates.Methods Classic OSCE was simplified and taken as references for nursing undergraduate graduation clinical skill examination including nursing evaluation,nursing dignosis,nursing intervention and health education for stations.Self-made questionnaire was conducted among students.Examination scores and the questionnaire results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software.Measurement data and categorical data were shown as ((x)±s) and ％ respectively.T test was used in comparison between the groups according to the inspection level of α =0.05,P ＜ 0.05 means significant difference.Results Simplified OSCE was composed of 4 stations and the mean score was (80.38 ± 4.22) with mean scoring rate of the 4 stations varied from 72.2％ to 88.0％.More than 93％ students thought that OSCE score can or basically can evaluate comprehensive clinical nursing competence,clinical thinking,communicating and adaptability.Conclusions Simplified OSCE is designed properly for the objective evaluation of nursing students' clinical competence and students are mostly satisfied with its design and organization,quality and efficiency.

Objective To understand the influencing factors of professional adaptability for college nursing students and the mechanism. Methods A group of 1 105 college students from grades 2010 and 2011 were surveyed with questionnaire for professional adaptability. The data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0. Measurement data were expressed as x±s while enumeration data were expressed as percentage. t test and variance analysis were used to compare the differces among groups of different grades and genders. Results The professional adaptability mean score of college nursing students was (102.66 ± 14.93) and significant differences in professional adaptability were observed between different grades and genders (P=0.004 3, P=0.001 5). The possible influencing factors professional adaptability were different sources of students, family location, family income, etc. There were statis-tic differences in professional promise between arts and science students and between rural an urban students (P=0.029 8, P=0.007 0). Conclusion Grade and genders are the main influencing factors for professional adaptability of college nursing students while other factors exert little effect on it.

Objective:To analyze the key projects in medical imaging and biomedical engineering area funded by national natural science foundation of China (NSFC) in the past ten years, so as to provide reference of application for scientific researchers.Methods:The funded projects through fund code H18 (medical imaging and biomedical engineering) of NSFC during 2010 to 2019 was analyzed. The funded fields, geographical distribution, research direction, applicants, supporting institutions, and the characteristics and trends of key researches were summarized.Results:A total of 68 projects were funded under H18, including 58 in projected area and 10 in non-projected area. The average funding rate was 19.0% (68/358) in the last ten years. Institutions of higher learning received 51 grants while scientific research institutes had 17. Thirty-seven supporting institutions received H18 key project funding, among which 22 received 1 grant and 15 received 2 or more. There were 51 (75%) male project leaders and 17 (25%) female leaders. The age of project leaders ranged from 35-66 years. Among the project leaders of H18 key funded projects, 52 leaders were approved once, and 8 were approved twice. The average interval between two approved key projects was 5.8 years.Conclusions:Since the establishment of the Department of Health Sciences in 2009, the sum of the fund and the number of the funded key projects in imaging medicine and biomedical engineering field have increased year by year. With the joint efforts of the majority of clinical workers and scientific researchers, research in this domain will achieve rapid development in our country.

Objective To investigate the correlation between social factors and postpartum depression.Methods A total of 182 parturients were investigated with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)and self-designed questionnaire.The social factors and postpartum depression of parturients were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results Family income,relation of family,relation of couples,sex of newborns and negative life events were associated with the risk of postpartum depression.Conclusions Low family income,bad relation of family,bad relation of couples,female newborns,and negative life events during pregnancy may increase the risk of postpartum depression.

Objective To explore the correlations among standardized uptake value (SUV) and clinicopathological features of cervical cancers,and to observe the association among SUV and expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Aquaporin-1 (AQP-1).Methods PET/CT imaging data were analyzed retrospectively in 56 patients with cervical cancer before surgery.The mean SUV (SUV),maximum SUV (SUVmax) and peak SUV (SUVpeak) were measured,and immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of VEGF and AQP-1.The relationships of SUV and expression level of VEGF,AQP-1 and clinicopathological features were analyzed.Results SUV SUVpeak and expression level of VEGF and AQP-1 were significantly different in different FIGO stages (all P＜0.05).SUVpeak and expression level of VEGF in tumors with maximum diameter ≥ 4 cm were higher than those in patients with tumors maximum diameter ＜4 cm (both P ＜0.05).SUVpeak and expression level of VEGF and AQP-1 in tumors with cervical stromal invasion depth ≥1/2 were significantly higher than those with cervical stromal invasion depth ＜ 1/2 (all P＜ 0.05).The expression level of VEGF and AQP-1 in patients with lymph node metastasis were higher than those without lymph node metastasis (both P ＜0.05).SUVpeak was correlated with expression level of VEGF (rs =0.529,P＜0.001) and AQP-1 (rs =0.356,P =0.007).Conclusion Preoperative SUVpeak of cervical cancer measured with PET/CT is correlated with clinicopathological features and can be used to guide individual treatment of patients with cervical cancer.

Objective To explore risk factors of pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis in cervical cancer,and to observe the value of PET/CT in diagnosis of PLN metastasis with qualitative and semi-quantitative evaluation.Methods Clinical data of 206 patients with cervical cancer who underwent PLN dissection were respectively analyzed.The age and BMI of patients,pathological type,depth of invasion and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage of tumor,serum SCC level,lymph node status of PET/CT and tumor SUVmax were analyzed with univariate analysis.Multivariate analysis was performed for indicators with statistically significant variables.The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT in diagnosis of PLN metastasis of cervical cancer were calculated.Besides,the ratios of lymph node 'S SUVmax (SUVmaxLN) to SUVmax of primary tumor (SUVmaxL/T),to liver (SUVmaxL/H) and to arota (SUVmaxL/A) were recorded.ROC curves were plotted,whereas the areas under curve (AUC) were calculated to confirm the best diagnostic cutoff value.Results Univariate analysis showed that age,BMI,pathological type,depth of invasion,FIGO stage,serum SCC level,lymph node status of PET/CT and tumor SUVmax were important factors of PLN metastasis (all P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed that serum SCC levels,depth of invasion,lymph node status of PET/CT and tumor SUVmax were independent predictors of PLN metastasis (P＜0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of PET/CT in diagnosis of PLN metastasis was 54.90％ (28/51),91.61％ (142/155) and 82.52％ (170/206),respectively.The sensitivity of SUVmaxLN =4.19 was higher than SUVmax =2.5.No significant difference of SUVmaxLN with SUVmaxL/T,with SUVmaxL/H nor with SUVmaxL/A was found.Conclusion Serum SCC levels,depth of invasion,lymph node status of PET/ CT and tumor SUVmax are independent predictors of PLN metastasis.PET/CT has certain value in qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of cervical cancer PLN metastasis.

Objective:To evaluate the value of PET/MR multiple parameters before treatment and MR-intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters 4 weeks after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in predicting the prognosis of cervical cancer patients 6 months after treatment.Methods:From September 2017 to March 2019, 58 cervical cancer patients (age: 35-78 years) performed CCRT in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were retrospectively enrolled. PET/MR was performed before treatment, and MR-IVIM was performed at the end of the fourth week of treatment and 6 months after treatment. Patients were divided into complete response (CR) group and non-CR group according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST). PET imaging parameters (maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG)), MR-IVIM parameters (slow diffusion coefficient (D), fast diffusion coefficient (D *), perfusion fraction (F), gross tumor volume (GTV), diffusion volume (DV)) before (referred to as 1) and after (at the end of the fourth week; referred to as 2) treatment and their percentage changes (ΔD, ΔD *, ΔF, ΔGTV, ΔDV) were measured. The parameters of PET and MR-IVIM were analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Multiple logistic regression was used to establish the combination prediction model of parameters before treatment and all parameters before and after treatment (Combination1 and Combination2 respectively), and the two models were compared by Delong test. Results:Of 58 patients, 37(63.79%) were CR, and 21 (36.21%) were non-CR. MTV (area under curve (AUC)=0.764, P<0.01), TLG (AUC=0.719, P<0.01), GTV 1 (AUC=0.761, P<0.01) and DV 1 (AUC=0.785, P<0.01) before treatment had positive effects on the treatment response, and the valuable parameters after treatment were D 2 (AUC=0.683, P<0.01), GTV 2 (AUC=0.861, P<0.01), DV 2 (AUC=0.891, P<0.01), ΔD (AUC=0.723, P<0.01), ΔGTV (AUC=0.768, P<0.01) and ΔDV (AUC=0.865, P<0.01). The best prediction model before treatment was DV 1 (Combination1; AUC=0.785, P=0.004). The best prediction model for all parameters before and after treatment was the combination pre-treatment of MTV, DV 2 and ΔD (Combination2; AUC=0.965, P<0.001). Combination2 was superior to Combination1 ( z=2.982, P=0.003). Conclusion:In evaluating the early prognosis of cervical cancer patients treated with CCRT, DV 1 has good predictive potential before treatment, while the combination of pre-treatment MTV with post-treatment DV 2 and ΔD has superior joint predictive potential and can provide help for patients′ personalized treatment.

Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that the glymphatic system is damaged in diabetes and is closely associated with diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction. In this review, we describe the direct and indirect effects of diabetes on the glymphatic system and summarize the relevant evidence in imaging studies in order to promote the understanding of this field.