Commonly used tumor markers have poor sensitivity and specificity. A lot of research are being conducted searching for the ideal novel serum markers. There are a large number of tumor-associated autoantibodies in cancer patients's serum. Screening and detecting autoantibodies may be used in the early diagnosis of cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of sertraline on cytokine balance in patients with depression. METHODS: Serum levels of interleukin2(IL-2), interleukin12(IL-12), interleukin4(IL-4), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-?1) were measured in 26 patients with depression(depression group) before and after treatment and 28 healthy volunteers (control group) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: As compared with control group, in depression group the serum levels of IL-2, IL-12, TNF-? were significantly higher than in control group; the serum levels of IL-4, TGF-?1 were significantly lower than in control group(P

Objective To report the experience of nursing during operation on spina bifida and related diseases.Methods 168 patients with spina bifida and related diseases undergoing spine surgery in the hospital from October, 1989 to October, 2008 were reported. They were 76 males and 92 females, the averaged age was 5.6 years old (from 1 month to 23 years old). There were two follow-ups one month and 6 months to 2 years after operation. Results According to the second follow-up, the neural function improved in 123 cases, didn't change in 32 cases, and deteriorated in 13 cases. Nursing experience included: carefully observed the patients, especially managed respiratory tract and blood pressure; prepared good conditions for surgon to protect the neural function; sponge cushion for the pressured positions.Conclusion Perfect preparation of nursing can facilitate spine surgery on spina bifida and related diseases.

BACKGROUND: The lymphocyte-specific recombination-activating gene (RAG) 1 and 2 are essential for initiating V (D)J recombination events in both T and B cells. In addition to initiating V(D)J recombination, RAG-mediated transposition has also been proposed to contribute to chromosomal translocations and lymphoid malignancy, but the mechanism underlying this activity remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To investigate RAG gene,DNA repair factors Ku70/Ku80 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)mRNA expression and T cell receptor(TCR) gene recombination in human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines.DESIGN: Repeated-determined experiment.SETTING: Institute of Molecular Immunology, College of Biotechnology,Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: Four human T leukemia and lymphoma cell lines (Jurkat,Molt-4, HuT-102, 6T-CEM) ,two Burkitt's lymphoma(Raji and Daudi) and two myelogenous leukemia cell lines (HL-60 , K-562) were cultured in complete growth medium (Hyclone,USA) , penicillin/streptomycin(50 U/mLand 50 mg/L) at 37 ℃ in a humidified atmosphere in 0.05 volume fraction of CO2. Jurkat and 6T-CEM were bought from SIBS,CAS(Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences). The other cell lines were conserved by Institute of Molecular Immunology, College of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University.METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Institute of Molecular Immunology, College of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University from October 2005 to January 2006.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)was performed to examine the expression of RAG1,RAG2,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT), Ku70 and Ku80 genes,reparative factors,in pathway of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ);Nested and semi-nested PCR reactions were performed with locus-specific primer sets to determine TCR Dβ-Jβ signal joint T-cell receptor excision DNA circles (sjTRECs); Ligation-mediated PCR(LM-PCR) assay was used to detect the recombinational intermediates ds RSS breaks of TCRβ locus with primers specific for the flanking sequences of both Dβ1 and Dβ2.Thus,gene expression during initiating V (D)J recombination and generation of TCR gene recombination intermedium could be known.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: RAG gene,DNA repair factors Ku70/Ku80 and TdT mRNA expression and TCR gene recombination in human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines.RESULTS: Determination results by RT-PCR showed that RAG1 was expressed in four T cell lines and was not expressed in two Burkitt's lymphoma and two myelogenous leukemia cell lines. RAG2 and TdT were only expressed in Jurkat,Molt-4 and 6T-CEM, but TdT expression in 6T-CEM was very low. Except that Ku80 expression was not detectable in HL-60,Ku70 and Ku80 were expressed in all the cell lines. However, Determination results of TCR gene in T cell lines recombination intermedium showed that the TCR gene recombination process was not occuring in all the RAG-expression T cell lines. Ongoing TCR gene recombination was only found in Jurkat, which represent a mature stage of T cell development. In addition,characteristic junctional diversity of signal joints was observed in DNA isoated from Jurkat.CONCLUSION: T leukemia and lymphoma may be more likely to have a relation with RAG.The results give a clue that Jurkat can probably provide an ideal cell line modle for studying RAG and T cell lymphomagenesis.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and relative risk factors of hypertensive inpatients aged over 80 years.Methods From February 2003 to May 2012,336 hypertensive inpatients aged over 80 years were enrolled in the study.Medical history and family history including height,weight,blood pressure,fasting glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,creatinine,urea nitrogen,uric acid and urine protein levels were recorded and analyzed statistically.Results The elderly hypertensive inpatients over 80 years old had systolic hypertension with widening pulse pressure and the decline in glomerular filtration rate.The incidence of dyslipidemia,atrial fibrillation,microalbuminuria,coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease were 56.5 ％ (190/336),13.4 ％(45/336),15.8％ (53/336),41.4％ (139/336) and 24.1％ (81/336),respectively.Whereas there was no significant sex difference (P＞0.05).A significant difference was found in the incidence of left vetricular hypertrophy between males (10.4％,25/240) and females (22.9％,22/96) (x2 =8.91,P＜0.01).The prevalence of diabetes in males (46.3％,111/240) was significantly higher than in females (28.1％,27/96) (x2=9.38,P＜0.01).From the 336 patients in the study,311 (92.6％)were treated by antihypertensive agents.The antihypertensive drugs included diuretics (37 patients,11.9％),calcium channel blocker (182 patients,58.5％),angiotensin receptor antagonists (89 patients,28.6％),angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (68 patients,21.9％),β-blockers (92 patients,29.6％),α-blockers (31 patients,10.0％),either alone (109 patients,35.0％) or in combination (202 patients,65.0％).96 (30.9％) patients were medically treated for dyslipidemia (drugs including statins).151 (48.6％) patients were treated with antiplatelet drugs.Conclusions The elderly hypertensive inpatients,over 80 years old,were accompanied by multiple risk factors and target organ damage,and most of them was treated with antihypertensive agents in combination.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative pathway manual in clinical clerkship of fundamentals of nursing.Methods A total of 120 undergraduate nursing students were sampled at random and divided into the experimental group(57 students) and the control group(60 students).The control group undertook the clinical clerkship according to the traditional syllabus,meanwhile,the experimental group referred to the innovative pathway manual.At the end of clinical clerkship,questionnaires were used to investigate the opinion of these two groups about the effectiveness of clinical clerkship.Results The experimental group were better than those of the control group in general self-evaluation of clinical clerkship,consolidation and improvement of knowledge by clinical clerkship,improvement of learning interest,practice of technique and promotion of occupation of emotion.Conclusions It is feasible and effective to use the innovative pathway manual in clerkship of fundamentals of nursing.

Objective To study the effect of modified air bag deflation lubrication by Sengstaken-Blakemore tube on voluntary dysphagia induced by esophageal variceal bleeding.Method Twenty seven patients with voluntary dysphagia induced by esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding were managed with modified air bag deflation lubrication with Sengstaken-Blakemore tube.Results The indwelling time for the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube was 3~6 d.There was no complication of gastrointestinal mucosal injury and aspiration complications.Conclusion The modified air bag deflation lubrication by Sengstaken-Blakemore tube may effectively avoid the complications by hemostasis with Sengstaken-Blakemore tube.

Objective To observe the survival of myoblasts carrying hIGF-1 gene transplanted into the mice, and the expression of hIGF-1 in the transplanted mice. Methods Eighty four male C3H mice(20～30g,7～11w)were divided into four groups: group A, B, C and D (20 mice each group), and the remaining four mice were used as normal control. At the middle of the right gastrocnemius muscle, the mice in group A and B were injected with 1?10~6 myoblasts either carried with or without hIGF-1 gene. Muscle contusion at the middle of the right gastrocnemius muscle of the mice in group C and D was produced. At day 3 following injury, they were injected with 1?10~6 myoblasts either carried with hIGF-1 gene (group C) or without hIGF-1 gene (group D). At the day 2, 5, 10, 20, 30 after injection, four mice of each group were sacrificed randomly. BrdU staining in all mice were performed to evaluate cells surviving, and the expression level of hIGF-1 in group A and C was assessed by immunohistochemical staining and real-time-PCR. Results The BrdU staining in both normal and injured mice transplanted with myoblast carried with or without hIGF-1 were positive. hIGF-1 was expressed and secreted in both group A and C. Conclusion The myoblast carrying hIGF-1 gene transplanted into normal or injured mice can survive for a certain period of time, and can secrete hIGF-1.

Objective To evaluated the prevalence of EGFR mutations in Hubei region,to provide reliable experimental basis for reasonable screening TKI beneficiaries in clinic.Methods EGFR mutation of 253 patients diagnosed with NSCLC in Hu-bei region during 2010 to 2015 was detected by PCR-sanger sequencing and ARMS assay,to investigate the sensitivity of dif-ferent methods,to explore the frequency and clinical significance of EGFR mutation in different gender,in different histologi-cal type and different exons.Results 93 of 253 NSCLC patients harbored EGFR mutation,mainly occurred in exon 19 and 21,accounting for 53.76% and 35.38% of the total EGFR mutation rate,respectively.ADx-ARMS method showed higher sensitivity (P=0.001).The mutation detection rate of female NSCLC was significantly higher than that of male NSCLC (P=0.001).The observed incidence of EGFR mutations in patients with adenocarcinomas (38.01%)was the highest in differ-ent histological type,followed by glandular squamous cell carcinoma (30.77%),large cell carcinoma (20%)and squamous cell carcinoma (4.55%).Nonsmoking patients had a higher EGFR mutation frequency (51.6%,81/157)than those with a history of smoking (24%,12/50).Conclusion ARMS assay was more sensitive and more convenient detection method for clinical screening for EGFR-TKI treatment subpopulation.The mutation rate of female NSCLC was significantly higher than that of male NSCLC in Hubei Province.Speculated that the sexual differences in NSCLC with EGFR mutation frequencies were related to hormone levels and smoking status.

Objective To observe the effect of the injection of myoblast carrying human insulin-like growth factor-1(hIGF-1) on the expression of endogenous IGF-1 mRNA and IGF-1 level in mice skeletal muscle following injury.Methods Seventy two male C3H mice(20~30g,7~11w)were randomly divided into three groups(24 mice in each group) with four mice normal controls.Applied a falling hit from certain height at the medial calf of right lower limbs in three groups,the injured skeletal muscle model was successfully simulated.Three days following injury,the mice in group A and B were injected with 1?106 myoblasts either carried with or without hIGF-1 gene respectively and the mice in group C were injected with 100?l saline at the injured muscle.Three mice in each group were sacrificed randomly at day 2,5,10,15,20,30 after contusion.The expression level of mIGF-1 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining and real time PCR.Results mIGF-1 mRNA expression and mIGF-1 factor secretion were observed in all three groups;the amount of mIGF-1 mRNA expression and mIGF-1 secretion in group A were significant higher than that in group B and C.Conclusion Myoblast carrying hIGF-1 transplantation could promote endogenous IGF-1 secretion in injured skeletal muscle.