BACKGROUND: Polyblends composed of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) and bisphenol A type of polysulfone (PSF) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) can improve the properties of TPU, bisphenol A type of polysulfone or PMMA and can widen the scope of application. The property of polyblends bad or good depends on the miscibility of polyblends. The dilute-solution viscometry (DSV) is a simple and rapid way for determining the miscibility for polyblends. The study on the determination of miscibility for TPU/PSF and TPU/PMMA polyblends by the DSV has not been reported up to now. OBJECTIVE: To differentiate the miscibility of TPU/PSF polyblend and that of TPU/PMMA polyblend, and at the same time to verify the consistency of μ and α criteria in the determination of polyblend miscibility by DSV.DESIGN: Observation and contrast analysis based on the two polyblend systems.SETTING: Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics College, Henan University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: TPU sample was purchased from Luoyang Jiming Chemical Industry Limited Company, China. PSF sample was purchased from the First Plastic Factory of Dalian, China. PMMA sample was synthesized by our laboratory. N, N-dimethylformamide was provided by Beijing Chemical Plant.METHODS:This study was performed at the Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Nano-technology, Henan University of Science and Technology in May 2006. The different molar ratio of TPU / PSF and TPU / PMMA polyblends were prepared in N, N-dimethylformamide. An ubbelohde dilution viscometer (whose inner diameter was between 0.5 mm and 0.6 mm) was employed for measuring the relative viscosities of the polymer solutions in DMF at (25±0.01) ℃. The second stop-clock was used to record efflux time. From the efflux time, the relative viscosities could be obtained. Then the specific viscosities could be given by the relative viscosities value. From a series of relative viscosities, the specific viscosities and other data of two polyblends, μ values and α values of two polyblends were obtained.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The efflux time of two polyblend solutions in an ubbelohde viscometer.RESULTS: The μ and α values of TPU/PSF polyblend were all above zero, which showed that TPU/PSF polyblend was miscible. But the μ and α values of TPU/PMMA polyblend were all below zero, which showed that TPU/PMMA polyblend was immiscible. CONCLUSION:The μ criterion is consistent with the α criterion in judging for polyblend miscibility. DSV method is simple, and it can be used in the determination of polyblend miscibility.

Objective Compare the efifcacy and safety of drug eluting stent (DES) for treatment of in stent restenosis (ISR) and coronary de novo lesions. Methods Patients treated with DES for ISR and de novo lesions in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between October 2008 and December 2011 were followed up for 1 year. All lesions were divided into ISR and de novo group. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI) and clinical target lesion revascularization (TLR) were the primary endpoints. Results The study population consisted of 204 patients in the ISR group and 494 patients in the de novo group. Baseline clinical and angiographic parameters were comparable between the two groups. The rate of diabetic was higher in the ISR group than that in the de novo group (36.6%to 27.1%, P < 0.05). The diameter of coronary artery was smaller in the ISR group than that in the de novo group (2.72±0.36 to 3.08±0.54, P<0.01). The rate of TLR in the ISR group was higher than that in the de novo group (10.7%to 17.2%, P<0.05;14.2%to 21.1%, P<0.05),contributing to higher MACE in ISR group. Conclusions DES implantation is safe and effective for treatment of ISR lesions, but the rate of TLR is higher compared to treatment of de novo lesions.

Objective:To express fusion protein of mouse thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and HIV-1 gp120BAL V1/V2 subdomain in 293F cell.Methods:Full length of the V1V2 sequence from BAL isolate was fused with the C-terminus of mouse thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and sub-cloned into pCEP-Pu vector to construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid-pCTV1V2BAL.The recombinant plasmid was confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequencing , then transfected into 293 F cells using PEI as a transfection reagent .The fusion protein was purified by metal chelate affinity chromatography and characterized by SDS -PAGE and Western blot . The epitopes of V1/V2 in fusion protein were identified by ELISA .Results:The SDS-PAGE and Western blot results showed that there were highly heterogeneous glycoprotein bands at the site between 35 kD and 55 kD, which reacted with anti-mTSLP rabbit polyclonal antibody and anti-His tag mouse monoclonal antibody .The ELISA analysis showed that antibodies to V 1/V2BAL existed in the sera of HIV-1 positive patients.Conclusion:The mTSLP-V1/V2 fusion protein was successfully expressed in 293F cells, which may be useful for HIV-1 vaccine research .

Objective To investigate the relationship between ischemic time and thrombus types in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods Eighty-two STEMI patients undergone emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary thrombus aspiration (CTA) from Sep.2012 to Apr.2016 were included and divided into 3 groups according to the ischemic time:≤4 hours (n=36),4-7 hours (n=30) and ＞7 hours (n=16).Visible aspirated thrombi were collected and separated into erythrocyte-rich type,platelet/fibrin-rich type and combined type thrombi by HE dying.The percentage difference of the 3 types thrombi was compared among the 3 groups.Results The percentage of platelet/fibrinrich type,erythrocyte-rich type and combined type thrombi in the 3 groups were as follows:in ≤4h group:61.1％(22/36),8.3％(3/36) and 30.6％(11/36),P=0.019;in 4-7h group:23.3％(7/30),10.0％(3/30) and 66.7％(20/30),P=0.012;and in ＞7h group:43.8％(7/16),12.5％(2/16) and 43.8％(7/16),P=0.913.For platelet/fibrin-rich type thrombi,the percentages in 3 periods were 61.1％(22/36),19.4％(7/36) and 19.4％(7/36),P=0.009;For combined type thrombi,the percentages in 3 periods were 28.9％(11/38),52.6％(20/38) and 18.4％(7/38),P=0.013;For erythrocyte-rich type thrombi,the percentages in 3 periods were 37.5％(3/8),37.5％(3/8) and 25.0％(2/8),P=0.895.Conclusions The types of intracoronary aspirated thrombi differ from various periods.Ischemia time may be an important predicted factor.

Waterborne viruses that can be harmful to human health pose significant challenges globally,affecting health care systems and the economy.Identifying these waterborne pathogens is essential for preventing diseases and protecting public health.However,handling complex samples such as human and waste-water can be challenging due to their dynamic and complex composition and the ultralow concentration of target analytes.This review presents a comprehensive overview of the latest breakthroughs in waterborne virus biosensors.It begins by highlighting several promising strategies that enhance the sensing performance of optical and electrochemical biosensors in human samples.These strategies include optimizing bioreceptor selection,transduction elements,signal amplification,and integrated sensing systems.Furthermore,the insights gained from biosensing waterborne viruses in human sam-ples are applied to improve biosensing in wastewater,with a particular focus on sampling and sample pretreatment due to the dispersion characteristics of waterborne viruses in wastewater.This review suggests that implementing a comprehensive system that integrates the entire waterborne virus detection process with high-accuracy analysis could enhance virus monitoring.These findings provide valuable insights for improving the effectiveness of waterborne virus detection,which could have sig-nificant implications for public health and environmental management.

Objective: To investigate the impact of symptom onset to first medical contact (SO-to-FMC)time on the prognosis of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). Methods: The clinical data of 341 consecutive STEMI patients, who were hospitalized to our hospital and received primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) from August 2011 to April 2016, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into ≤90 min group (201 cases) and >90 min group (140 cases) according to the SO-to-FMC time. The treatment time, mortality and incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebro-vascular events(MACCE) were analyzed. The risk factor of 1-year mortality after PCI and 1-year incidence of MACCE during the post-discharge follow-up period were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. The predictor of 4.5-year mortality after PCI was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Methods The door to balloon time (104(88, 125) min vs. 111(92, 144)min, P=0.023), first medical contact to balloon time(146(119, 197) min vs. 177(125, 237)min, P=0.005), and symptom onset-to-balloon time(200(170, 257) min vs. 338(270, 474)min, P<0.001)were all significantly shorter in the ≤90 min group than in>90 min group. The 30-day mortality (2.99% (6/201) vs. 7.86%(11/140), P=0.042), 1-year mortality (2.89 (5/173) vs. 9.57(11/115), P=0.015), 1-year incidence of MACCE during the post-discharge follow-up period(1.16%(2/173) vs. 6.96%(8/115), P=0.021), and 4.5-year cumulative mortality(3.00% vs. 11.20%, P=0.007) after PCI were significantly lower in the ≤90 min group than in the >90 min group. Moreover, the 4.5-year incidence with free of MACCE (97.20% vs. 88.80%, P=0.025) during the post-discharge follow-up period was significantly higher in the ≤90 min group than in the >90 min group. In-hospital mortality was similar between the two groups (2.49%(5/201) vs. 6.43%(9/140), P=0.071). Results: The door to balloon time (104(88, 125) min vs. 111(92, 144)min, P=0.023) , first medical contact to balloon time(146(119, 197) min vs. 177(125, 237)min, P=0.005), and symptom onset-to-balloon time(200(170, 257) min vs. 338(270, 474)min, P<0.001) were all significantly shorter in the ≤90 min group than in >90 min group. The 30-day mortality(2.99% (6/201) vs. 7.86%(11/140), P=0.042), 1-year mortality (2.89(5/173) vs. 9.57(11/115), P=0.015), 1-year incidence of MACCE during the post-discharge follow-up period (1.16%(2/173) vs. 6.96%(8/115), P=0.021), and 4.5-year cumulative mortality (3.00% vs. 11.20%, P=0.007) after PCI were significantly lower in the ≤90 min group than in the >90 min group. Moreover, the 4.5-year incidence with free of MACCE (97.20% vs. 88.80%, P=0.025) during the post-discharge follow-up period was significantly higher in the ≤90 min group than in the >90 min group. In-hospital mortality was similar between the two groups (2.49%(5/201) vs. 6.43%(9/140), P=0.071). Results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the SO-to-FMC time >90 min was the risk factor of 1-year mortality(OR=2.90, 95%CI 1.22-6.92, P=0.016) and 1-year incidence of MACCE (OR=5.19, 95%CI 1.21-22.20, P=0.026) during the post-discharge follow-up period. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the SO-to-FMC time >90 min was the risk factor of 4.5-year mortality after PCI in patients with STEMI (HR=2.88, 95%CI 1.10-7.53, P=0.031). Conclusion Shorting the SO-to-FMC time can significantly reduce the treatment time of STEMI patients, short and long-term mortalities and the incidence of MACCE, and improve the prognosis of patients with STEMI.

Iliac vein stenosis (IVS), known as iliac vein compression syndrome, refers to a series of diseases caused by iliac vein compression or intraluminal adhesions leading to lower extremity vein or pelvic vein drainage disturbance and other clinical manifestations which is quite common in vascular surgery. The vast majority of patients with symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) have IVS. In clinical work, IVS does not typically appear as a single symptom, while often combining with other lesions, such as varicose veins of the lower extremities, skin pigmentation, ulcer formation. Studies on its aetiology and epidemiology have found a mean age of onset of 40 years, the age of onset in females is lower than that in males, and the average of stress in females is significantly higher than that in males. Typical IVS occurs mainly in the left lower extremity in young women of reproductive age, but exceptions remain. In summary, the importance of the diagnosis of IVS in clinical practical work can be seen. CVI is a general term for all diseases that affect the morphology and function of the venous system. Compared with chronic venous disease (CVD), CVI include venous system abnormalities without symptoms or signs. Thus, it more accurately describes the diagnosis and treatment of IVS that requires clinical guidance, so its concept is quoted. With the development and advancement of medical imaging, more and more techniques provide help in the diagnosis and treatment of IVS. Therefore, professionals in various specialties have made relevant studies about the benefits and drawbacks of imaging techniques for diagnosis, treatment modalities, and prognostic management of this disease, in order to improve the diagnostic efficacy. Consequently, this review is focused on the current situation of the diagnosis and treatment of IVS under multi-modal imaging, hoping to provide choices of medical imaging technologies for the different states, and to find a better and personalized plan for patients.