Objective To investigate the joint action of CXCL16 G1850A and TNF-α T1031C genes polymorphisms in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods CXCL16 gene, G1850A and TNF-α gene T1031C mononucleotide polymorphism were tested with polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 120 ACI patients and 75 healthy controls. Results The CXCL16 gene 1850 site AA genotype (35.8% vs 20.0%), A allele frequency (59.6% vs 44.0%), the TNF-αgene 1031 site CC genotype(2.5% vs 1.3%), C allele frequency(21.3% vs 11.3%)in ACI group were significantly higher than in the control group(P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the joint action of CXCL16 G1850A and TNF-α T1031C genes polymorphisms and ACI (χ2= 7.502,df = 2,P = 0.023). Conclusion The CXCL16 gene 1850, A allele and TNF-α gene 1031 C allele were risk factors for ACI. There is a positive correlation between the joint action of CXCL16 G1850A and TNF-α T1031C genes polymorphisms on ACI.

OBJECTIVE:To establish capillary GC method for the determination of residual organic solvents in artesunate,such as methanol and ethyl acetate.METHODS:Capillary GC was adopted and the temperature of flame ionization detector was 250℃.RESULTS:The linear range were 0.03～0.605 mg?mL-1 for methanol(r=0.999 8) and 0.05～1.002 mg?mL-1 for ethyl acetate(r=0.999 7).The average recovery rates were 98.7% for methanol(RSD=3.0%) and 99.1% for ethyl acetate(RSD=2.1%).Only the ethyl acetate was detected in samples.CONCLUSION:Established method is simple and accurate for the content determination of residual organic solvents in artesunate.

Objective To evaluate the effect of clonidine added to ropivacaine for epidural anesthesia. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients aged 24-62 yr, weighing 50-76 kg, scheduled for elective gynecological surgery under epidural anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of four equal groups of 15 patients each, according to the dose of clonidine added to ropivacaine solution: group 1 (R) received no clonidine and served as control; group 2-4 in which clonidine 50, 100 or 150 ug was added to 0.75% ropivacaine 25 ml (R-C 50, R-C 100, R-C 150). Epidural anesthesia was performed at L2-3. Epidural catheter was inserted into epidural space and advanced in cephalad direction for 3.5 cm. Ropivacaine solution was prepared and provided by a specially designated person. A test dose of 5 ml of ropivacaine was given. 5 min later when epidural placement of catheter was confirmed, the rest 20 ml of ropivacaine was given in fractions of 5 ml every 2-3 min. At the beginning of operation midazolam 2.5-3.5 mg was given iv. During operation if the patient felt uncomfortable when viscera were being pulled, ketamine 0.5 mg? kg-1 was given iv. The onset and duration of analgesia, the height of black, the degree of motor block as well as adverse effects were recorded. Results The onset time of motor block was significantly shorter, the duration of analgesia was significantly longer, the incidences of visceral pain and shivering were significantly lower and ketamine requirement was significantly reduced in group R-C 100 and R-C 150 as compared with group R. However the incidence of hypotension, the amount of fluid infused and epinedrine requirement were significantly increased in group R-C 150. Conclusion The addition of clonidine 100 ug to 0.75 % ropivacaine 25 ml improves the effect of epidural block without increasing adverse effects.

Objective To explore the relationship between angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE)gene I/D and angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor(AT1R)gene A1166C polymorphisms and cereral infarction(CI).Methods ACE and AT1R genotypes were investigated with the method of PCR-RLFP in 88 patients with CI and compared with 90 age-matched population controls.Results AC genotypic frequency(31.8%)and C allele frequency(15.9%)of AT1R gene in CI group were significently higher than those in control group(11.1%,5.6%)(all P0.05).Conclusions The polymorphism of AT1R A1166C is related to the incidence of CI.There are synergistic effects of ACE DD genotype and AT1R gene A1166C polymorphisms on the risk of CI.

Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of angiotensinogen(AGT) gene T704C and cerebrovascular disease(CVD).Methods AGT T704C genotype and allele were examined by PCR-RLFP in 82 patients with cerebral infarction(CI group),70 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH group) and 89 age-matched normal controls(NC group).The AGT T704C genotype and allele frequencies among the 3 groups were compared and analyzed.The effectes of AGT T704C genotype and the risk factors of stroke to induce CI snd ICH were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results The frequencies of AGT 704CC genotype and C allelic in CI group(63.4%,79.9%) were significantly higher than those in NC group(34.8%,61.2%)(allP

Objective To investigate the effect of warm needling on learning and memory abilities and the calmodulin kinaseⅡ (CaMKⅡ) content of prefrontal cortex area in morphine withdrawal rats andexplore the mechanism of its action. Methods Forty clean-grade male SD rats were randomly allocated to control, model, manual needling and warm needling groups, 10rats each. A SD rat model of morphine addiction and withdrawal was made by dorsal subcutaneous injection of day-by-day incremental morphine and rapid withdrawal with Naloxone after addiction. Learning and memory abilities were tested using a Morris water maze and the CaMKⅡ content of prefrontal cortex area was measured by an immunohistochemical method in every group of rats.Results There were statistically significant differences in mean platform escape latency, the number of platform crossing and the CaMKⅡ content of PFC area between the control, manual needling or warm needling group of rats and the model group (P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in mean platform escape latency, the number of platform crossing and the CaMKⅡ content of PFC area between the warm needling and manual needling groups (P<0.05).Conclusions Warm needling treatment can restore learning and memory abilities in morphine withdrawal rats. The mechanism of its action may be related to an increase in the CaMKⅡ content of prefrontal cortex area.

Chorismic acid is a mid-metabolite that plays a central role in the metablism process distributing in the bacterium, epiphyte and plants. It is a common precursor substance of the all aromatic amino acids that can turn into phenylalanine and tyrosine catalyzed by bi-functional enzyme chorismate mutase (CM)-prephenate dehydratase (PDT) and chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydrogenase (PDH) respectively. CMp-PDT with its regulate domain Rp were called P-protein and CMt-PDH with its regulate domain Rt were called T-protein. P-protein and T-protein from E. coli. have a similar structure, both of which contained three domains: CMp, PDT, Rp in P-protein and CMt, PDH, Rt in T-protein. P-protein and T-protein are regulated by their effectors phenylalanine and tyrosine respectively through binding to their Rp and Rt domains. Rp and Rt domains were switched between P-protein and T-protein by cloning of chimeric proteins. The results showed that regulatory effects were switched along the switch of R domains and the switch of the regulatory domains lead to the switch of effectors. It means that the combination of the regulatory domain and the effector is specific and the regulating of the regulatory domain to the enzyme activity is non-specific. This property of R domains may make them possible molecular elements in the study of molecular machines.

Objective To investigate the relationship between renin (REN) gene G10631A, angiotensinogen (AGT) gene T704C mononucleotide polymorphisms and cerebral infarction and to investigate the mechanisms and characteristics of cerebral infarction from molecular level. Methods REN gene G1063A and AGT gene T704C polymorphisms in 82 patients with cerebral infarction and 89 controls were detected with polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism. The differences of the genotypes and allele frequencies were compared between the patient group and the control group. Results The frequency of REN 10631AA genotype (31. 7% vs. 10. 1%,χ2 =12. 816, P = 0. 002) and the frequency of A genotype (49. 4% vs. 30. 3% χ2 = 12. 969, P =0. 000), as well as the frequency of AGT 704 CC genotype (63. 4% vs. 34. 8% χ2 = 15. 029, P = 0. 001) and the frequency of A genotype (79. 9% vs. 61. 2% χ2 = 14. 173, P = 0. 000) in the cerebral infarction group were all significantly higher than those in the control group; the frequency of haplotype 704C 10631A was also significantly higher than that in the control group (P=0. 000). Conclusions REN 10631AA genetype and A allele as well as AGT 704 CC genetype and C allele may be the susceptible factors of cerebral infarction. Haplotype 704C-10631 A may be a genetic risk factor for the occurrence of cerebral infarction.

With the constant deepening of the study in the genetic factors of eardio-cerebrovascular diseases, the relation between the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) gene polymorphisms and hypertension is increasingly receiving attention. As an important component of RAS, renin has received much concern in the genetic research of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and its gene polymorphisrns have become the candidate genes of hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke, etc.