Objective:To understand the distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in Anyang City, Henan Province, and to provide scientific basis for control of brucellosis.Methods:The epidemic data and population data of human brucellosis in 2019 in Anyang City were collected from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and the epidemiological and clinical data were collected by Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to sort out and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of brucellosis.Results:In 2019, 128 cases of brucellosis were reported in Anyang City, with an incidence rate of 3.12/100 000 (128/4 096 193). Among them, 85 cases were male and 43 cases were female, the sex ratio of male to female was 1.98∶1.00; the youngest was 1 year old, and the oldest was 83 years old, there were 100 cases between 40 and 69 years old, accounting for 78.12% (100/128); the main occupation was farmer (119 cases), accounting for 92.97% (119/128); a total of 96 cases had contact history with sheep, accounting for 75.00% (96/128). The peak of incidence was from April to August (81 cases), accounting for 63.28% (81/128). Eight counties (cities and districts) in Anyang City were all affected, and the top three counties (districts) were Yindu District (15.39/100 000, 42/272 983), Longan District (5.16/100 000, 12/232 421) and Neihuang County (4.02/100 000, 27/672 396). The median time from onset to diagnosis was 32.18 d, ranging from 3 to 350 d, 72 cases were ≥ 31 d, accounting for 56.25% (72/128).Conclusions:In 2019, the main population of brucellosis in Anyang City is male middle-aged and elderly farmers, and the main infection route is contact transmission. It is suggested to strengthen the implementation of prevention and control measures of brucellosis.

Objective To investigate the antenatal influencing factors associated with birth weight of twins and the risk factors for the occurrence of discordant twins. Methods Totally, 834 twins delivered at the Third Affiliated Hospital from January 2000 to December 2009 and the First Affiliated Hospital of SUN Yat-sen University, from January 2000 to June 2009, were recruited in the study. The diagnosis criteria of discordant twins was intrapair birth weight difference more than 25 %.Antenatal factors on birth weight were retrospectively investigated among twins and discordant twins respectively with Logistic analysis. Results (1) There were several factors associated with birth weight of twins, including maternal age, conceptive style, chorionicity, gestational diabetes mellitus and placental cord insertion ( P = 0. 021, 0. 000, 0. 000, 0. 012 and 0. 017, respectively). While hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, parity and fetal gender differences were not associated with the birth weight of twins (P＞0.05). Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (OR=2. 600, 95% CI:1. 566-4. 316) and monochorionicity (OR= 1. 833, 95% CI: 1.010-3. 582) were risk factors of discordant twins. All 834 twin pregnancies were divided into 4 groups according to materal age, ＜25 yrs (n=69), 25-30 yrs (n=312), 30-35 yrs (n=325) and ≥35 yrs (n=128). The average birth weight of twins were (2205±483) g, (2347±406) g, (2381±439) g and (2352±455) g. Significant difference was found bewteen every two groups (P＜0. 05) except that between the 30-35 yrs and ≥35 yrs group (P＞0.05). Among twins of different gender (n=270), the average birth weight of boys and girls were (2416±-514) g and (2322±488) g, and that of female twins (n=272) and male twins (n=292) were (2301±418) g and (2381±428) g. Significant difference was shown between every two groups (P＜0.05) except that between the male twins and male fetus of twins of different gender (P＞0.05).Conclusions The fetal birth weight of twins decreases remarkably when maternal age ＜25, or monochorionicity twins, or complicated with marginal or velamentous placental cord insertion or female pairs.However, birth weight of twins would increase if the pregnancy conceived by assisted reproductive technology or complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Twin pregnancy complicated with hypertensive disorder in pregnancy or monochorionicity should alert the clinicians of discordance twins.

Objective to evaluate the validation of atypical depression among Chinese outpatients with depressive episodes and explore the role of atypical depressive symptoms in distinguishing bipolar depression from unipolar depression.Methods Structural clinical interviews with self-compiled questionnaires were performed on 276 outpatients with current depressive episode,then comparison of clinical characteristics including age of onset,gender proportion,seasonality,comorbidity of anxiety disorder,bipolar property,psychotic features,number of depressive episodes,and maximum duration of depressive episode were conducted between atypical (defined by DSM-Ⅳ-TR) and nonatypical depression.then the rate of atypical depressive symptoms were compared between unipolar depression and bipolar depression.Results The proportion of atypical depression among all the participants was 23.9％.Compared to nonatypical depression,psychotic features were more likely seen in atypical depression (20.0％ vs 9.1％,P＜0.05),but no difference was found in other clinical features between atypical and nonatypical depression.Except mood reactivity,atypical symptoms including oversleeping(45.5％ vs 26.0％),overeating (22.7％ vs 15.4％),weight gain(24.1％ vs 14.6％),leaden paralysis (56.6％ vs 47.2％),interpersonal rejection sensitivity(66.7％ vs 34.2％) were more likely to occur in bipolar depression than in unipolar depression,the difference was statistically significant for oversleeping and interpersonal rejection sensitivity (P ＜ 0.05).Patients with mood reactivity differed little from those without mood reactivity in other clinical features.No association was found between mood reactivity,leaden paralysis and other criteria symptoms of atypical depression.Conclusion-Atypical depression might be a useful concept,but its diagnostic criteria needs further validation among Chinese population.

Objective To explore the short term effects of five second-generation antipsychotics on the serum pro?lactin levels of first-episode schizophrenia patients. Methods Two hundred fifty first-episode schizophrenia patients were randomly divided into five groups and were then treated with risperidone, olanzapine, paliperidone, quetiapine or ziprasidone, respectively. The serum prolactin were tested at baseline, and every week following initiation of treatment. The positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) and the treatment emergent symptom scale (TESS) were used to evalu?ate the effect and side effect of treatment. Results Repeated measure ANOVA for serum prolactin showed that the main effects of time, the main effect of group, and the interactive effect of time and group were significant (all P<0.01). At the first week, the serum prolactin level of risperidone group was higher than all the other four groups (P<0.05). At the sec?ond, third, fourth and fifth week, the serum prolactin level of risperidone group and olanzapine group was higher than the other three groups (P<0.05). At the end of the sixth week, the serum prolactin level of risperidone group, olanzapine group and paliperidone group was higher than the quetiapine and ziprasidone groups (P<0.05). But serum prolactin level of risperidone group and olanzapine group was higher than that of paliperidone group (P<0.05). The changes of PANSS before and after treatment were significantly different among groups (P<0.05). However, the incidence of the side effects was not significantly different among groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The level of serum prolactin gradually increases in schizophrenia patients receiving treatment of antipsychotics. The short term effects of different second generation antipsy?chotics on serum prolactin vary differently. Risperidol and olanzapine result in the elevation of serum prolactin level in the early period of treatment.

To understand the genetic origin and variation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) prevailing in Henan province,a total of 22 PEDV positive samples from suckling piglets with severe diarrhea were collected from 16 pig farms and amplified by RT-PCR.ORF3 genes were then cloned into pMD18-T vector and sequenced.The result of sequencing showed that the length of ORF3 genes all were 675 bp which encoded 224 amino acids.The strains in this study had eight amino acid substitutions when compared with CV777 strain.The nucleotide homologies of the 22 strains were 95.9％-100％ and amino acid homologies were 96.4％-100％.By comparing with those of European strain CV777 and vaccine strain truncated CV777,the nucleotide homologies were 97.1％-97.9％ and 94.8％-95.4％,respectively.Based on the phylogenetic relationship of ORF3 genes,the PEDV field strains and PEDV reference strains could be divided into two groups,and all the field strains identified in this study belong to group 2.It suggested that prevalent PEDV strains in this study seem to be closely related to Henan isolates in previous years,domestic strains,Janpanese strains,American strains as well as Korean strains but differ genetically from European strains or vaccine strains used in China.This experiment analyzed the ORF3 gene sequence features in prevailing of Henan region in recent years,which provides a new support of epidemiology study and protein function research of PEDV ORF3 gene.

In order to develop a combined live vaccine that will be used to prevent against porcine parvovirus (PPV) and Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection, the VP2 gene of PPV was inserted into the transfer vector plasmid pG to produce the recombinant plasmid pGVP2. The plasmid pGVP2 and the genome of PRV HB98 attenuated vaccine were transfected by using lipofectamine into swine testis cells for the homologous recombination. The recombinant virus rPRV-VP2 was purified by selection of green fluorescence plaques for five cycles. 6-week-old female Kunming mice were immunized intramuscularly with attenuated PRV parent HB98 strain, commercial inactivated vaccine against PPV, recombinant virus, DMEM culture solution. The injections were repeated with an equivalent dose after 2 weeks in all of the groups, and then challenged with the virulent PRV NY strain at 7 weeks after the first immunization. The recombinant virus rPRV-VP2 was successfully generated, and the recombinant virus could effectively elicite anti-PPV and PRV antibody and significant cellular immune response as indicated by anti-PPV ELISA and HI, PRV-neutralizing assay and flow cytometry. The challenge assay indicated that recombinant virus could protect the mice against the virulent PRV challenge. These results demonstrated that the recombinant virus can be a candidate recombinant vaccine strain for the prevention of PRV and PPV.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Antigens, Viral ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Capsid Proteins ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Parvovirus, Porcine ; genetics ; immunology ; Swine ; Swine Diseases ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Viral Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To investigate the intrauterine growth characteristics of twins and birthweight discordant twins (discordant twins ).MethodsTotal of 1010 twin pregnancies (2020 fetuses) with complete delivery records from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the First and Third Affiliated Hospital of SUN Yat-sen University between January 1,2000 and July 31,2010 were studied retrospectively.One handred and ninteen cases (238 fetuses) with intrapair birthweight difference ≥25％ were determined as the discordant twins group,and the other 891 cases (1782 fetuses) with intrapair birthweight difference ＜ 25％ were identified as the concordant twins group.The singleton control group included 4042 singleton pregnancies in the same period.Results ( 1 ) Comparison of clinical data between the twins groups:the birthweight of larger-twin,smaller-twin and intrapair birthweight difference in the discordant twins group and the concordant twins group were ( 2090± 827 ) g,( 1392 ± 592 ) g,( 33.9 ±9.3 ) ％,and ( 2408 ± 543 ) g,( 2191 ± 505 ) g,( 8.9 ± 6.5 ) ％,respectively,with significant differences (P＜0.01).The incidence of discordant twins was 11.78％ (119/1010).Compared with the concordant twins group,the discordant twins group bad higher proportion of monochorionic twins,and higher prevalence of pregnancy complications such as late miscarriage,abnormal umbilical insertion,twin-twin transfusion syndrome and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy ( P ＜ 0.05 ).( 2 ) The characteristics of twin birthweight distribution:① In all the 2020 twins,80.05％ (1617/2020) fetuses had birthweight below the 50th percentile of the singleton control group,while 23.71％ (479/2020) feeuses got birthweight below the 10th percentile of the singleton control group.② After 19th gestational week,the 50th and 90th percentile of all twins' birthweight were lower than those of singletons.After 38th gestational week,the birthweight of singletons kept increasing and reached its peak at 41 th week,while the birthweight of twins reached its peak at 38th week,followed by a decline at 39 weeks,which was even lower than the 10th percentile of the singleton control group.③ The distribution of birthweight of larger- and smaller-twin in the discordant twins group:65 (54.6％,65/119) larger-twins and one (0.8％,1/119) smaller-twin had birthweight above the 50th percentile of all twins,while 5 (4.2％,5/119) larger-twins and 97 ( 81.5％,97/119 ) smaller-twins got birthweight below the 10th percentile of all twins.Conclusions ( 1 ) The patterns of birthweight curves for each gestational week are different between twins and singletons.In order to evaluate the growth of twins, birthweight reference for twins shoull be employed.( 2 ) According to the reference of twins birthweight,the most discordant twins are complicated with fetal growth restriction at least in one twin.

Objective To determine the mutant status of BRAF gene in Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and analyze the association with clinicopathological parameters.Methods 676 CRC samples were collected in Cancer Institute/ Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Science from December 2009 to December 2011.The direct sequencing was conducted to detect mutations in the BRAF (exon 15 and exon 11).The correlation between mutant status with clinicopathological parameters were analyzed.Results Beside 10 colorectal cancer samples,among the 666 colorectal cancer patients 4.35％ (29/666) of the tumors harbored a BRAF mutation,of which 1.94％ (13/669) in exon 15 (V600E),2.39％ (16/670) in exon 11.Statistical analysis revealed that BRAF15 mutations appeared to occur more frequently in poor-differentiation tumors than high or moderate-differentiation tumors (5.81％ vs 1.46％,r =0.105,P=0.040).But BRAF15 mutations were not correlated with age,gender,smoking and drinking history,tumor site,tumor type,tumor(T/N) staging,histological type,or distant metastasis [r equals to 0.007,-0.018,-0.049,-0.023,-0.098,-0.038,0.040(0.034/0.059),0.065,0.042,respectively,P ＞ 0.05] ; BRAF11 mutations appeared to occur more frequently in patients with drinking history (6.02％vs 1.81％,r =0.093,P =0.035).However,age,gender,smoking history,tumor site,tumor type,tumor differentiation,tumor(N) staging,histological type,or distant metastasis showed no significant correlation with this mutation [r equals to-0.004,0.047,0.020,0.042,0.029,0.040,0.006 (-0.008),0.008,0.030,respectively,P ＞ 0.05].Conclusion A higher proportion of BRAF15 (V600E) mutations occurred in poor-differentiation tumors among the Chinese patients with CRC; BRAF11 mutations appeared more frequently in patients with drinking history.

Objective To establish the fingerprints and formononetin content determination method for Caulis Spatholobi from different habitats by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) , thus to control the quality of Caulis Spatholobi. Methods Reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for fingerprint was performed on Feini Gen RedClassical AQ-C18 column ( 4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile-0.1%acetic acid solution as the mobile phase by gradient elution, and the detection wavelength was 260 nm. High performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector ( HPLC-DAD) for the determination of formononetin content was performed on AcclaimTM 120-C18 column ( 4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile-water solution by isocratic elution, the detection wavelength was 254 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the column temperature was 25℃. Results The standard fingerprint of Caulis Spatholobi was set up through the evaluation of the fingerprints of 24 batches of Caulis Spatholobi samples from different habitats. Thirteen common peaks were identified with reference to formononetin peak, and the content of formononetin was determined by HPLC-DAD method. The similarity of the fingerprints of Caulis Spatholobi from different habitats and their formononetin content had great differences. Conclusion The established method is simple, accurate, highly sensitive, and repeatable, and can be applied for the quality control of Caulis Spatholobi.

Objective To explore the reliability of handgrip strength test for evaluating mobility in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods Sixty-one COPD patients in stable stage were measured for handgrip strength and 6-minute walking test(6MWT).The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) was calculated to determine the best cutoff points of handgrip strength.Results Handgrip strength was (33.72-±7.47) kgf,6MWD was (437.06±97.96) m,handgrip strength was moderately correlated with 6MWD (r=0.404,P=0.001).6MWD≥350 m was used to classify two groups,and there was significant difference between two groups(P＜0.05).Area under the curv e was 0.722,and the best cutoff points was 32.8 kgf.Conclusion Handgrip strength test can be a useful tool to quickly identify mobility in patients with stable COPD.