The five kinds of food-borne pathogenic bacteria including Salmonella sp.、Shigella sp.、Pseudomonas aeruginosa、Eterohaemorrhagic O157 and Vibrio rahaemolyticus that couldn't be detected in drinking water. The five pairs of primers were designed and composed according to the toxin genes, high-conservative genes and specific genes of these pathogens. The specificity of individual primer pairs in PCR was evaluated on DNA templates of more than thirty different bacterial isolates from ten species. Through optimizing the system and condition of multioplex-PCR, the detection sensitivity was improved dramatically. Multiplex-PCR analysis was primary performed on several water samples. The method established shortened the detection time and provided a cost-effective way in maximum. The experiment showed the multiplex-PCR using the five pairs of primers produced specific amplicons of expected sizes, the detection limits for the bacterial targets were estimated at 10~(1)~10~(2)cfu for one essay. It only took five to six hours to detect a sample, got the single, steady and clear result when the method was applied primarily in the analysis of water samples. The informative supplement to those areas which were environmental inspection, water detection, food sanitation supervision , commodity inspection and detection, etc.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of calcium disodium edetate in fosaprepitant dimeglu-mine for injection. Methods:The chromatographic column was Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm). The mo-bile phase consisted of 0. 2% tetrabutylammonium hydroxide(adjusting pH to 4. 0 with phosphoric acid)-acetonitrile(85∶15). The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was 254 nm. The chromatographic column temperature was 35℃. The injection volume was 20μl. Results:The calibration curve was linear within the range of 26. 06-104. 24μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 8) for calcium di-sodium edetate. The average recovery was 99. 51% (RSD=0. 25%, n=9). Conclusion: The method is simple, rapid, accurate, specific and reproducible, and can be used in the determination of calcium disodium edetate in fosaprepitant dimeglumine for injection.

Objective To investigate the effect of warm needling on learning and memory abilities and the calmodulin kinaseⅡ (CaMKⅡ) content of prefrontal cortex area in morphine withdrawal rats andexplore the mechanism of its action. Methods Forty clean-grade male SD rats were randomly allocated to control, model, manual needling and warm needling groups, 10rats each. A SD rat model of morphine addiction and withdrawal was made by dorsal subcutaneous injection of day-by-day incremental morphine and rapid withdrawal with Naloxone after addiction. Learning and memory abilities were tested using a Morris water maze and the CaMKⅡ content of prefrontal cortex area was measured by an immunohistochemical method in every group of rats.Results There were statistically significant differences in mean platform escape latency, the number of platform crossing and the CaMKⅡ content of PFC area between the control, manual needling or warm needling group of rats and the model group (P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in mean platform escape latency, the number of platform crossing and the CaMKⅡ content of PFC area between the warm needling and manual needling groups (P<0.05).Conclusions Warm needling treatment can restore learning and memory abilities in morphine withdrawal rats. The mechanism of its action may be related to an increase in the CaMKⅡ content of prefrontal cortex area.

Objective To present the authors' initial experience of treating auricular arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with ethanol embolization and to assess the clinical effectiveness of this therapeutic method. Methods Twenty-two patients with AVMs were enrolled in this study. Through local puncturing or super-selective catheterization the absolute ethanol, or diluted alcohol (based on the pattern of the AVMs), was manually injected into the abnormal vascular plexus of the auricular lesion. The clinical results were estimated with physical examination or angiography at intervals of 3 ～ 4 month, and telephone questionnaire was made at monthly intervals for all patients. Results Thirty-eight ethanol embolization procedures were performed, the amount of ethanol used during the procedure ranged from 4 ml to 65 ml. After the treatment the clinical symptoms were improved, which were manifested as healing of the ulceration, stop of bleeding, disappearing or alleviation of tinnitus. Angiographic examination showed that the abnormal vascular lesion was completely vanished in 9 cases, decreased by 50% -75% in 8 cases and decreased less than 50% in remaining 5 cases. The common complications included irreversible local necrosis and vesiculation. Conclusion For the treatment of auricular AVMs ethanol embolization is an effective and safe method, which might become the therapy of first choice.

Objective:To observe the effect of old RBCs transfusion on cognitive function in rats and the improvement effect of mi -nocycline.Methods: Male SD rats at the age of 6 months were randomly divided into 4 groups.The RBCs were obtained from male rats by centrifuging the total blood and stored at 4℃.The rats of fresh RBCs group (group F) were transfused with the RBCs stored for 1 day.The rats of old RBCs group (group O) were transfused with the RBCs stored for 7 days.The rats of treatment group (group T) received 40 mg· kg-1 minocycline with intraperitoneal injection before the transfusion .The rats of the control group ( group C) were transfused with the normal saline .The brain levels of IL-1βand IL-6 were determined with Quantikine ELISA kits in 24 hours after the blood transfusion (n=6).The rats were subjected to Barnes maze tests after 1 week of the blood transfusion (n=10).Results:The brain levels of IL-1βand IL-6 in group O were higher than those in group C and F (P<0.05), which were lower in group T than those in group O(P<0.05).The rats of group O spent longer time finding the target box than those of group C and F in the Barnes maze (P<0.05), and the time was shorter in group T than that in group O (P<0.05).Conclusion: Old RBCs transfusion plays a role in neuro-inflammation and induces cognitive dysfunction in rats , which may be improved by minocycline .

Objective To study the effects and mechanisms of infrasound with low sound pressure level on focal cerebral ischemia-refusion injury. Methods Focal cerebral ischemia was produced by 2 hours of occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats. lnfrasound generated by infrasound 8TM device was used as treatment factor. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham group (n=8), model group (n=8) and in-frasound group (n=16) , and the infrasound group was subdivided into 20- and 120-min infrasound groups, with 8 rats in each group. Neurological symptoms was assessed at 2 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d, respectively. These rats were sacrificed after 7 days of infrasound treatment and their brains were harvested. The number of IGF-1 posive cells of ischemia cortex was counted by using immunohistochemical technique. Results Compared with model group, neurological symptoms of rats in 120-min infrasound group was significantly improved (P<0.05); the number of IGF-1 positive cells of ischemia cortex in 120-min infrasound group increased significantly as compared with that in model group (P<0.01). Conclusion Infrasound with low sound pressure level (120 min/d, 7 d) could exert neuroprotective effect in focal cerebral ischemia injury by increasing expression of IGF-1 in brain.

Objective To examine the neuroprotective effect of pulsed magnetic field in a animal focal cere-bral ischemica-reperfusion injury model. Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into 3 groups, a sham-operation group, a model group and a pulsed magnetic field group, with rats 16 in each group. Mid-dle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method was employed to establish the focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion inju-ry model in rats of model group and pulsed magnetic field group. Rats in sham-operation group was subject to the same operation procedure but not underwent ischemia-reperfusion. The infarction volume, histopathological damage and expressions of IGF-1 in ischemic brain tissue were investigated to evaluate the effect of pulsed magnetic field. Results The infarction volume was reduced, histopathological damage alleviated and expressions of IGF-1 in ische-mic brain tissue elevated in the pulsed magnetic field group as compared against the model group (P<0.05). Con-clusions Pulsed magnetic field might provide neuro-protection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the relationship of insulin resistance and secretion during late pregnancy in women with glucose intolerance.Methods Immunoenzymetric assay was used to measure the fasting serum insulin levels in 122 pregnant women which including of 36 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),34 pregnant women with gestational impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT),and 52 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance(NGT).The fasting plasma glucose levels were measured by glucose oxidase method.The insulin sensitivity index(ISI) and islet secretive function index(IFI) were compared between the three groups.Results ISI had an increasing trend from NGT group,GIGT group to GDM group(P

Objective To observe dynamically the expression of insulin-like growth factor(IGF-1)in the brain and liver,and to explore changes in IGF-1 levels.Methods The thread method waa used to establish middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.The expression of IGF-1 on the ischemic side of the cerebral cortex and in the liver wag observed dynamically using immunohistochemical techniques. Results The number of IGF-1-positive cells increased significantly,peaking on the 3rd day in the cortex and the 7th day in the liver.Conclusion The expression of IGF-1 Wag upregulated in the brain after the experimental cerebral ischemia;peripheral humoral regulation of IGF-1 responded more slowly and recovered to some extent at the 7th day after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To investigate the antenatal influencing factors associated with birth weight of twins and the risk factors for the occurrence of discordant twins. Methods Totally, 834 twins delivered at the Third Affiliated Hospital from January 2000 to December 2009 and the First Affiliated Hospital of SUN Yat-sen University, from January 2000 to June 2009, were recruited in the study. The diagnosis criteria of discordant twins was intrapair birth weight difference more than 25 %.Antenatal factors on birth weight were retrospectively investigated among twins and discordant twins respectively with Logistic analysis. Results (1) There were several factors associated with birth weight of twins, including maternal age, conceptive style, chorionicity, gestational diabetes mellitus and placental cord insertion ( P = 0. 021, 0. 000, 0. 000, 0. 012 and 0. 017, respectively). While hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, parity and fetal gender differences were not associated with the birth weight of twins (P＞0.05). Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (OR=2. 600, 95% CI:1. 566-4. 316) and monochorionicity (OR= 1. 833, 95% CI: 1.010-3. 582) were risk factors of discordant twins. All 834 twin pregnancies were divided into 4 groups according to materal age, ＜25 yrs (n=69), 25-30 yrs (n=312), 30-35 yrs (n=325) and ≥35 yrs (n=128). The average birth weight of twins were (2205±483) g, (2347±406) g, (2381±439) g and (2352±455) g. Significant difference was found bewteen every two groups (P＜0. 05) except that between the 30-35 yrs and ≥35 yrs group (P＞0.05). Among twins of different gender (n=270), the average birth weight of boys and girls were (2416±-514) g and (2322±488) g, and that of female twins (n=272) and male twins (n=292) were (2301±418) g and (2381±428) g. Significant difference was shown between every two groups (P＜0.05) except that between the male twins and male fetus of twins of different gender (P＞0.05).Conclusions The fetal birth weight of twins decreases remarkably when maternal age ＜25, or monochorionicity twins, or complicated with marginal or velamentous placental cord insertion or female pairs.However, birth weight of twins would increase if the pregnancy conceived by assisted reproductive technology or complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Twin pregnancy complicated with hypertensive disorder in pregnancy or monochorionicity should alert the clinicians of discordance twins.