Aging and cancer share overlapping characteristics, referred to as meta-hallmarks, which elucidate the convergent, antagonistic, or contradictory relationships between aging and cancer. Likewise, as a key characteristic of aging, senescent cells share some meta-hallmarks with tumor cells. These hallmarks include apoptosis resistance, metabolic alterations, secretory phenotypes, epigenetic reprogramming, and immune surveillance, all of which play pivotal roles in both tumorigenesis and senescence. Moreover, senolytic drugs, which are a class of agents selectively designed to eliminate senescent cells, have emerged as promising therapeutic agents in oncology and aging-related diseases. Since the discovery of the first senolytic drug in 2015, a diverse array of such agents has been developed. Notably, most senolytic drugs are repurposed from existing anti-tumor therapies, leveraging their shared mechanisms with senescent cells and tumor cells. Thus, this review examines the similarities between senescent cells and tumor cells, providing a better understanding of the meta-hallmarks. Besides, we categorize existing senolytic drugs based upon meta-hallmarks and elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying their effects. By integrating insights from cancer and senescence research, this work aims to inspire innovative strategies for senolytic drug discovery.

Western bioethics,with its theoretical basis in individualism,is essentially a form of universalist ethics that makes it difficult to respond to the complexities of moral life.Scholars represented by Engelhardt and MacIntyre have profoundly reflected on universalist ethics from the perspective of moral pluralism,but they have not been able to fundamentally resolve the disputes.Grasping the theoretical lineage of the controversy between universalism and particularism can provide an important reference for the construction of bioethics based on Confucianism in contemporary China.Furthermore,from the perspective of opposing universalism and particularism,as well as in response to the issues of the era of life science and technology and the cultural background of China,it can not only realize the modern interpretation of Confucian ethics,but also promote the effective application of modern bioethics theory.

【Objective】 To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ureteroscope or flexible ureteroscope combined with balloon dilatation in the treatment of ureteral stricture with renal calculi in transplanted kidney. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 9 patients treated in our hospital during 2016 and 2022 were reviewed. The changes of the width of hydronephrosis, levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen, reoperation, and re-dwelling of stents were analyzed. 【Results】 One patient failed the operation because the guide wire could not be inserted, and the other 8 patients successfully completed the surgery. The stents were removed 6 to 8 weeks after surgery. During the follow-up of 8 to 48 months, no recurrence of renal calculi occurred; 5 patients had no recurrence of ureteral stricture; 3 patients (cases 4, 6, 9) underwent regular ureteral stent replacement due to hydronephrosis; the width of hydronephrosis, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels of 8 patients were significantly improved (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Ureteroscope/flexible with balloon dilatation is safe and effective in the treatment of transplanted kidney with ureteral stricture and kidney stones.

Background Studies on the association between greenness exposure and allergic rhinitis (AR) in children are mostly conducted in developed countries, and the conclusion is not consistent. Objective Using street view data to explore the association between greenness exposure and allergic rhinitis (AR) prevalence in Chinese children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 40868 children aged 2-17 years in three cities of Northeast China from 2012 to 2013, which consisted of 20886 (51.1%) boys and 19982 (48.9%) girls. The information of AR prevalence was obtained through questionnaire. Based on downloaded street view images from Tencent Maps, a green view index (GVI) of green vegetation (trees and grass) within 800 m and 1000 m buffer of the participants' schools was calculated by using artificial intelligence, and it was used as a surrogate of the greenness exposure. A mixed-effect logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of AR prevalence in children for per increase of inter-quartile range (IQR) of GVI. In addition, according to ambient PM_2.5 concentration, the participants were divided into a low PM_2.5 exposure group (≤56.23 μg·m⁻³) and a high exposure group (>56.23 μg·m⁻³) to investigate whether PM_2.5 was a modifier on the association between GVI and AR. Results The average age of the subjects was (10.40±3.68) years and 3 963 (9.7%) subjects reported diagnosed AR. Within 800 m buffer, an IQR increase in GVI for trees (IQR=0.031, OR=0.85, 95%CI: 0.81-0.90) and overall greenness (IQR=0.029, OR=0.86, 95%CI: 0.81-0.90) was associated with lower adjusted odds ratio of AR. The interaction between PM_2.5 and GVI was statistically significant (P< 0.1), that is, the negative associations of trees and overall greenness with AR were observed only at low PM_2.5 exposure levels. The sensitivity analysis results of GVI within 1000 m buffer was consistent with that within 800 m buffer. Conclusion Exposure to green vegetation, especially trees, may be associated with decreased risks of AR in children, and such associations may be more obvious in areas with a low PM_2.5 concentration.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of visual motor integration in children with developmental dyslexia and ADHD, and to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of these children. Methods: During July to November of 2020，students from grade 3 to grade 5 of 7 primary schools in Xinjiang were selected by using random cluster sampling method. A total of 56 dyslexia group (group DD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder group (group ADHD), comorbidity group and normal control group were selected and compared the differences of their visual motor integration ability and related factors ability. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the predictive effects of related factors on visual motor integration ability. Results: The scores of visual integration ability and visual perception in comorbidity group (95.05±14.01, 12.71±7.40) were lower than those in DD group (104.77±17.19，23.04±11.48), ADHD group (104.00±14.11，25.70±10.74) and normal control group (129.80±12.91, 44.05±16.56) ( F/Z =58.24,110.49, P <0.05). The visual working memory score of the comorbidity group ( 73.64 ±5.36) was lower than the normal control group (78.96±4.68) ( P <0.05)，and there was no significant difference between the DD group (74.48±7.06) and the ADHD group (75.98±7.36) ( P >0.05). The results of multiple regression showed that visual perception, age, IQ and visual working memory were associated with visual and motor integration ability of dyslexia children with ADHD ( R 2=0.32，0.17，0.11， 0.04 ， P <0.05). Conclusion Visual motor integration and visual perception among children with DD combined ADHD are more severely impaired than those with ADHD and DD alone. Visual perception, age, IQ and visual working memory could help predict the development of visual and motor integration ability in children with DD combined ADHD.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and construct a Nomogram prediction model.Methods:A total of 5 409 children aged 7 to 16 from 5 schools in Xinjiang were investigated by using SNAP-Ⅳ assessment scale and influencing factors questionnaire.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze and investigate the influencing factors of ADHD in children, and then Nomogram prediction model was established. Results:(1)The detection rate of ADHD was 7.3%.(2) The LASSO- Logistic regression model showed that the history of febrile convulsions ( OR=5.97, 95% CI: 3.52-9.86), the history of epilepsy disease ( OR=11.86, 95% CI: 7.83-17.89), the history of head trauma disease ( OR=10.0, 95% CI: 7.27-13.71), mother′s delivery method ( OR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.99-3.23), mother′s education level ( OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.45-3.67), mother′s smoking more than 1 year ( OR=12.65, 95% CI: 8.30-19.34), whether the family environment is quiet ( OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.00-1.63), and the education method of beating and scolding ( OR=3.05, 95% CI: 2.13-4.31) was an indepen-dent risk factor for children with ADHD; (3)The Nomogram prediction model was built and verified by Bootstrap for 1 000 samples.The C-index was 0.81(95% CI: 0.78-0.83), suggesting that the Nomogram prediction model has good prediction ability, accuracy, and distinction.Decision curve analysis (DCA) of the clinical decision curve suggested that patients with Nomogram model with a predictive probability threshold greater than 0.2 had a higher clinical net benefit. Conclusions:The detection rate of ADHD was 7.3%, which was higher than the national average.The Nomogram prediction model drawn here can provide individualized ADHD risk predictions for children based on the history of hyperthermia, epilepsy, and head trauma, maternal mode of childbirth, maternal education level, maternal education level, maternal smoking for more than 1 year, quiet family environment, and scolding education methods.

Objective: To characterize visual attention span in children with developmental dyslexia in Xinjiang and to explore the effects of action video game training on visual attention span,and to provide a reference for improving the visual attention span of children with dyslexia. Methods: Students from grade 3 to 5 in primary schools of Xinjiang were selected by using random clustering sampling method from July to November 2020,a total of 120 developmental dyslexia group (Group-DD), chronological age matched group (Group-CA) and reading level matched group (Group-RL) were selected and compared with visual attention spans, action video games were used to conduct intervention training for DD children, variance analysis was used to study the variation of visual attention span. Results: The accuracy and discrimination index of Group-DD (0.68±0.10, 1.21±0.87) were lower than those of Group-CA (0.77±0.99, 1.80±0.83) and Group-RL (0.71±0.11, 1.50±0.75) ( F =21.26, 15.19, P <0.05);there was no significant difference in reaction time among the three groups( P >0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the accuracy of visual attention span (0.63±0.12, 0.71±0.11,0.70±0.10), response time (760.51±185.83, 782.74±149.20, 857.27± 155.44 ), and discrimination (0.84±0.81, 1.51±0.19, 1.29±0.10) among children of different grades ( F =6.37，3.81，3.16， P < 0.05 ). After 12 hours of action video game training, the accuracy and discrimination of Group-DD intervention group (0.74±0.10, 1.53±0.88) were higher than those of Group DD control group (0.68±0.14, 1.06±0.97)( P <0.05), and there was no significant difference between Group DD intervention group and Group RL (0.76±0.12, 1.73±0.71) ( P >0.05), but there was statistical difference between Group DD intervention group and Group-CA (0.81±0.94, 2.17±0.79) ( P <0.05). Conclusion Children with dyslexia have deficits in visual attention span, with grade difference. Action video game intervention can improve visual attention span ability of developmental dyslexia children to some extent.

Abstract The possible mechanisms of developmental dyslexia mainly include the hypothesis of language framework and the hypothesis of non-verbal framework. The language framework assumes that people with developmental dyslexia may exhibit defects in phonetic awareness, rapid naming, phonetic memory, and orthographic processing. Studies of developmental dyslexia in Chinese have found that deficiencies in orthography may be an important cause of dyslexia, but there are diverse views and opinions regarding orthography processing. This article sorts out the research progress in behavioral and neuroimaging aspects of orthography studies, and provides references for further development of processing test materials and methods in the research of processing mechanism of developmental dyslexia orthography.

【Objective】 To investigate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 induced deaths and analyze the causes of death. 【Methods】 This was a hospital-based, retrospective, observational cohort study involving hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in People’s Hospital of Wuhan University during January 27 and February 25, 2020. The clinical data of identified patients who had died of COVID-19 were retrieved and reviewed. We analyzed the death causes and compared the changes in laboratory findings between patients before death and early onset to summarize the inherent clinical characteristics. 【Results】 We recorded a total of 21 deaths, 61.9% of which had occurred due to simple respiratory failure, followed by respiratory failure with myocardial injury (19%), respiratory failure with renal failure (9.5%), and respiratory failure with shock (9.5%). At the late time, lab test data indicated that white blood cells, D-dimer, amino-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursors, and hypersensitive C-reactive protein significantly increased while counts of lymphosyte significantly decreased (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Continuous monitoring of cardiac function, renal function, and infection severity can assess the disease progression accurately. Moreover, timely intervention has a positive effect in reducing COVID-19 mortality.

Objective: To investigate the interest and awareness of traditional Chinese medicine undergraduates on the course of Chinese medical literature, and to provide suggestions for further enhancement of undergraduates' cognition and in-depth study of this subject. Methods: Taking Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine as an example, 726 undergraduates were sampled and randomly sampled by stratified sampling, and the interest and awareness of Chinese medical literature were suveyed and summarized, and the factors that led to this situation were analyzed. Results: A total of 119 (16.4%) knew and took the course, 78 (10.7%) said they often read Chinese medical literature on their own initiative, 455 (62.7%) said that the factors affecting their access to Chinese medical literature were reading difficulties. 410 (56.5%) students suggested that the course of Chinese medical literature should be open as an optional course. Conclusions The undergraduates have high interest and low awareness of the Chinese medical literature. It is suggested that the school should carry out curriculum reform and organize relevant publicity activities in order to increase the awareness of the undergraduates on the Chinese medical literature.