This article discusses the ethical problems which appear when medical laboratory technicians deal with all kinds of interpersonal relations in the field of medicine from the point of present medical service.It advocates that medical staff should possess professional morality and the sense of duty and calls for humane spirits to set up a brand-new mode of medical ethics.

Objective To gain purified platelets for further research of the immune function of platelet.Methods Platelets were purified by positive(MS) and negative(LD) magnetic cell sorting(MACS) separation.The percentage of activated platelets was detected by flow cytometry and nucleated cell clearance was evaluated by white cell count.Results The percentage of activated platelets before separation was(2.39?1.10)%,and increased to(2.56?1.08)% and(16.76?4.04)%,respectively,after MS and LD MACS.The clearances of nucleated cells after MACS MS and LD were(98.44?0.24)% and(98.47?0.18)%,respectively.The recovery rate of purified platelet after MS and LD was(76.50?1.49)% and(79.20?2.61)%.Conclusion MACS LD method was more suitable for the platelet purification.

Objective To investigate problem-based learning(PBL)in clinical teaching of pediatric interns.Methods To compare and analyze the grades of pediatric interns’case writing before and after PBL.Results There was significant difference between the two groups and the grades of interns by PBL were notably higher.Conclusion PBL can improve the interns’ability of case writing,clinical thoughts,operation ability,and enhance their enthusiasm in learning.

Objective Study on fetomaternal immuno state and RHD type of a pregnant woman of weak D phenotype.MethodsThrough polymerase chain reaction (PCR)、direct genomic DNA sequencing and flow cytometry.ResultsIn both sequence specific promer (SSP) PCR and the sequencing PCR tests, the sample was detected negative in exons 3 6 of the RHD gene, whereas all other exons (exons 1 2,7 10) were tested positive. And the sequence of detected exons (exons 1 2,7 10) are the same with normal RHD in GenBank (accession no. AJ299020 1 and AJ299026 9). Serologically and genetically, the sample can be designated as D category VI type Ⅲ. Through a duce tube PCR method, the RhD zygosity of this individual was typed CD VI e/cde。In flow cytometry, a few fetal erythrocytes were detected in peripheral blood of the mother. However there were no anti D detected in sera and hemolytic disease of the newborn(HDN) observed at all.ConclusionSevere cases of HDN have occurred in D positive babies born to partial D mother with anti D, although HDN don't take place in this case. We may still consider D VI phenotype individuals as D positive donors and D negative receiptions in our transfusion practice and in clinical anti D allo immune prophylaxis and monitoring.

Objective To investigate the effects of restraint stress (RS) in different periods on SOD and MDA of normal rat serums and mucosal tissues. Methods 32 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group, n=8), and restraint stress groups of 3 days, 5 days and 7 days (RS3, RS5 and RS7 groups, n=8 at each group). The comparisons were done between all the groups in terms of the general extent of gastric mucosal injury, gastric mucosal injury ulcer index (UI), water content, the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD), and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and mucosal. Results Compared with NC group, gastric mucosal injuries in RS group were more severe, the UI and water content was proportionally related with the restraint periods. Meanwhile, the serum and mucosal SOD in the RS groups were all increased, and with prolonged restraints, the SOD were decreased, but the serum and mucosal MDA were increased (P<0.01) and SOD/MDA in the mucosa lowered as well (P<0.01). Conclusion Restraint stress may cause mucosal injury proportional to the stress time and related with lowered SOD/MDA in mucosal tissues.

BACKGROUND: Hyperlipemia is one of the important risk factors of coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy. Great attention has been paid on how to explain the correlation between blood lipid and coronary heart disease and the correlation of characteristics and level of blood lipid with coronary heart disease.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the correlation among the characteristics, the level of blood lipid and coronary heart disease in senile people.DESIGN: Case-control observation and stratified analysis.SETTING: Second Cadre Ward of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 105 inpatients were selected in coronary heart disease group, diagnosed as coronary heart disease, tallied with WHO Diagnostic Standard on Coronary Heart Diseases, in Second Cadre Ward of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January 2001 to January 2002. Totally 99 inpatients, by checked, without coronary heart disease and cerebral vascular disorder were selected in the control in the same period.METHODS: 2 mL venous blood was collected in fasting in the morning and the serum was collected after centrifuged at 3 000 r/minute, for 5 minutes. Auto-biochemical analyzer and enzyme kit were used to determine cholesterol, triglycerin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Compared with the data in the control, the ranges of cholesterol, triglycerin and low density lipoprotein were calculated successively and divided by 10; at the class intervals of 0.53, 0. 39 and 0.29 mmonl/L, the frequency table was worked out. According to the frequency table, P25 (the 25th percentile), P50 (the 50th percentile), P75 (the 75th percentile) and P90 (the 90th percentile) of cholesterol, triglycerin and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were calculated successively. The stratified groups were divided based on P ＜ 25, P25 to PS0, PS0 to P75, P75 to P90 and ＞ P90, by which, the cases belonging to 5 groups were determined in coronary heart disease group and the control respectively. The exposure factor was determined by ＞ P90, compared with other 4 groups, Menta-Haensecel method was used to calculate x2. If the exposure factor was related with coronary heart disease, the relevant coefficient and 95% confidence interval should be calculated. In accordance with the standards (Proposal on Prevention of Abnormal Blood Lipid and Targets of Abnormal Blood lipid on 2-grade Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease), the cases beyond the targets and morbidity were determined in two groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Determination of blood lipid, abnormal cases and morbidity in two groups; cases beyond targets of blood lipid and morbidity; stratified comparisons of percentiles in two groups.RESULTS: According to intention measurement, 204 cases entered result and the control, there was no significant difference in cholesterol, triglycerin cases presented hypercholesterolemia, 34.3% cases hypertriglycerlipidemia and 11. 4% cases low density lipoprotein-hypercholesterolemia. It was indicated that the blood lipid was in the normal range among 64. 8% to 88.6% comparison between the cases with cholesterol ≥5.47 mmonl/L and the cases with cholesterol varied from 3.85 to 4.63 mmol/L, the morbidity of coronary heart disease in the former was 2.98 times as high as the latter (x2 = 6.29, 95% confidence interval was 1.27 -6.98) . In the comparison between the cases with cholesterol ≥ 5.47 mmol/L and the cases with cholesterol varied from 4.64 to 5.05 mmol/L, the correlation with coronary Lipid for 2nd Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease, among the patients with coronary heart disease, cholesterol ≥ 4.68 mmonl/L in 54. 2% cases,triglycerin ≥ 1.70 mmol/L in 34. 3% cases and low density lipoprotein ≥ 2.6 mmol/L in 52. 3% cases.CONCLUSION: For senile patients with coronary heart disease, the satisfactory level of cholesterol is 3.85- 4.63 mmol/L. For those with cholesterol ≥ 5.47 mmol/L, compared with those varied from 3.85 to 4.63 mmol/L, the morbidity of coronary heart disease in the former is possibly 2.98 times as same as the latter(x2 = 6.29, 95% confidence interval was 1.27 - 6.98).

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of zinc on airway inflammation in asthmatic rats.Methods Animal model of asthma was established by OVA challenging,zinc-deficient and zinc-supplementary diet were given accordingly.Thirty-two SD rats were divided into four groups according to weight: zinc-deficient diet with OVA challenge group(group A),zinc-supplementary diet with OVA challenge group(group B),zinc-normal diet with OVA challenge group(group C) and zinc-normal diet with saline challenge group(group D).Twenty-four hours later asthma was induced,right side lungs were harvested for HE staining to observe histomorphological changes and the respective numbers of eosinophirs,neutrophils and macrophage in the bronchial mucus were counted.The contents of interferon-?(IFN-?),interleukin-4(IL-4),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione peroxidase(GPX) in lung homogenate were detected.Results Compared with group C,the number of eosinophils,neutrophils and macrophage,and the contents of SOD increased in group A,but significantly decreased in group B(P

The computerized imitating system constructed by the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University contains four blocks:administration of student infomation,administration of question bank,on-line tests and administration of score inquiry.It's designed to imitate typical pediatric cases,so that the medical students may put themselves into the practical clinical scenario and solve the challenges step by step in one-direction procedure.Teaching with computerized clinical scenario imitating patients can improve students' test resuhs and activate students' learning enthusiasm significantly.It not only helps to solve the contradiction between increasing number of medical students and clinical typical teaching case shortage but also improves the clinical thinking ability of the medical students.This system can also be used as a test bank for pediatric technical skills examination.

Objective To investigate the role of Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) activation in spinal cord in a rat model of persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction(SMIR).Methods Ninetysix male SD rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 4 groups(n =24 each):group sham operation; group SMIR; group SMIR + IT scramble siRNA and group SMIR + IT TLR4siRNA.The rat model of persistent postoperative pain evoked by SMIR was established according to the method described by Flatters.The TLR4 siRNA were administered intrathecally for 7 days starting from 1 day beforc surgcry.Pain behavior was assessed by paw mechanical withdraw threshold (MWT) to Electronic von Frey Anesthesiometer stimulation at 1 day before and 1,3,7,12,and 22 days after operation.Four animals were sacrificed at each time point in each group for detection of the expression of TLR4 protein in the spinal cord by Western blot analysis.Results Compared to group sham group,MWT was significantly descreased at 3,7,12,and 22 days after operation,while the expression of TLR4 protein in the spinal cord were significantly increased at 3,7,12 days after operation in group SMIR and group SMIR + IT scramble siRNA ; IT TLR4siRNA significantly attenuated the hyperalgesia induced by SMIR and descreased the expression of TLR4 protein at 3,7,12 days after operation in group SMIR + IT TLR4siRNA.Conclusion TLR4 activation in spinal cord plays an important role in the development of SMIR-evoked persistent postoperative pain in rats.

Objective To observe the protective effect of sufentanil pretreatment on the rats with acute gastric mucosa lesion (AGML) induced by water immersion and restrain stress (WIRS) and its effect on TRPV1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus and gastric mucosa. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly designed into 3 groups, including the normal control group (Group NC, n = 10), the group treated with WRIS for 6 h (Group WIRS, n = 10) and the group pretreated with sufentanil (Group SF, n = 10). The model of AGML was established by the classic WIRS method , and observed for the general extent of gastric mucosal injury at WIRS for 6 hr, and calculated gastric mucosal injury ulcer index (UI) and the PH value of gastric juice; The quantification of TRPV1 mRNA expression in hypothalamus and gastric mucosa was performed using quantitative real-time PCR; In addition, the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were detected. Results Compared with group NC, gastric mucosal in Group WIRS was injured more seriously , and the UI and the activity of MDA were also obviously increased , but the change of SOD activity was not apparent; The TRPV1 expression in gastric mucosal decreased apparently. Sufentanil pretreatment could effectively relieve gastric mucosal injury induced by WIRS , and make the UI and the activity of MDA decreased , and up-regulate TRPV1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus and gastric mucosa. Conclusions Sufentanil pretreatment can effectively relieve AGML induced by WIRS , which may be related to the control of oxidative stress response , the reduced gastric acid secretion , and the upregulation of the TRPV1 mRNA expression in the central and periphera nerve.