Objective To study the effect of early pulmonary surfactant (PS) treatment on oxygenation in neonates with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods Clinical data of neonates with ARDS were retrospectively analyzed. All neonates with ARDS were divided into control group and treatment group. Neonates in treatment group were given PS at a dose of 70-100 mg/kg through the endotracheal tube. Results Among 64 neonates with ARDS, 18 neonates in treatment group were treated with PS, while other interventions were same with 46 neonates in control group. The PaO2/FiO2 and ventilation efifciency index were statistically higher in treatment group than those in control group at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h (P<0.05). The oxygenation index and respiratory index were statistically lower in treatment group than those in control group at the same time points (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the treatment group also had a signiifcantly shorter duration of assisted ventilation and oxygen treatment (P<0.05). Conclusions Early treatment with PS in neonates with ARDS could improve the pulmonary compliance and oxygenation, and reduce the duration of assisted ventilation and oxygen treatment, and thus yield better prognosis.

Objective To study the oxygenation of the pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy for acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in neonates.Methods Ninetyeight eligible neonates with ALI and ARDS were divided into two groups,treatment group (n =30) and control group(n =68).Thirty infants in treatment group were injected with pulmonary surfactant 70 ～ 100 mg/kg via tracheal intubation.The rest of the treatment measures were same in treatment and control group.Results There were no differences between the two groups in gender,gestational age,birth weight and ALI/ARDS.After the pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy for ALl and ARDS,the PaO2/FiO2 and ventilator efficiency index were higher in treatment group than that in control group at 6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h;the oxygenation index and respiratory index were shorter in treatment group than that in control group at the same time.The differences at all time points were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The treatment group also had a significantly shorter duration of assisted ventilation[(66 ± 13) h vs (80 ± 18) h,(82 ±26) h vs (101 ±36) h] and oxygen treatment time [(86±13) h vs (104± 16) h,(103 ±25) h vs (125 ±29) h] (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The application of the pulmonary surfactant replacement treatment in neonates with ALI and ARDS could improve rapidly in dynamic compliance and oxygenation,decrease duration of assisted ventilation and supplemental oxygen administration,thus yield better prognosis.

This study was conducted under the background of the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) terminology. Current TCM symptom terminology related to sweat was taken as basis in the extended study. The ICD classification of multiple axis and hierarchical level was used as guidance thought. This paper proposed the principle of detailed classification of TCM sweat symptoms and finally made classification rules for TCM sweatsymptoms. This study has promoted the development of TCM terminology standardization.

Objective To summarize anesthetic management for 56 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods Recorded and analyzed the hemodynamie changes of 56 patients undergoing OPCABG including heart rate (HR),rate-pressure product (RPP), mean arterial pressure(MAP), mean pulmonary artery pressure(MPAP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac output (CO) and mixed venous oxygen saturation when left anterior descending (LAD), right coronary artery (RCA), diagonal (DiAG) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) was anastmosed. Results The patients undergoing OPCABG had hemodynamic fluctuation during vascular anastomosis, mainly showing MAP and CO decreased, CVP increased. The change was especially significant when the LCX or RCX was anastmosed. The based value, when LAD and RCA anastmosed of MAP were (82.0±11.7) mm Hg(1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa), (60.1±11.5) mm Hg and (58.4±12.1) mm Hg, CO were (4.2±1.2) L/min, (3.1±0.7) L/min and (3.2±0.6) L/min, CVP were (5.6±2.6) cm H2O (1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa), (9.6±4.4) cm H2O and (9.2±3.6) cm H2O. Conclusion The hemodynamie changes during OPCABG,especially in LCX and RCA anastmesed are transient and well tolerated under suitable anesthetic management.

AIM: To investigate the relation between cytosolic calcium and glomerular injury in hypertension. METHODS: The normotensive control (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rat group(SHR) with or without treatment (losartan 20 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ) were compared. Intralymphocytic free calcium level and ultrastructural changes in glomerulus were observed at three and eight months, respectively. RESULTS: The results demonstrated early impairment in glomerulus and elevation of cytosolic calcium at three months in SHR group, at eight months, aggravation of impairment in glomerulus correlating with calcium elevation was shown. Losartan significantly attenuated the above pathologic changes. CONCLUSION: Calcium-overload state was not only related to blood pressure and vessel impairment, but also associated with glomerular injury, which could be reversed by losartan.

Objective To explore the relationships between the serum and urinary levels of procollagen Ⅲ and renal injury at the early stage of hypertension in sponantously hypertensive rats. Methods 16 sponantously hypertensive rats (SHR) were divided into treated group (losartan 30mg?kg -1?d -1) and untreated group, each group containing 8 animals, and 8 Wistar-kyoto rats served as normotensive control group(WKY). The serum and urinary levels of procollagen Ⅲ and ? 2-microglobin, and urinary microalbumin level were measured by radioimmunoassay 16 weeks after treatment. Results Blood pressure, serum ? 2-microglobin level, and the urinary levels of procollgen Ⅲ, ? 2-microglobin and microalbumin in SHR were significantly higher than those in wistar-kyoto rats. Losartan could decease the levels of the indices above in SHR. Serum procollagen Ⅲ level had not significant difference among the three groups of rats, and was not correlated with urinary procollagen Ⅲ level. There were positive correlation between serum and urinary ? 2-microglobin levels, and urinary procollgen Ⅲ level was positively retated to urinary ? 2-microglobin, urinary microalbumin and systalic pressure. Conclusion The levels of urinary procollgen Ⅲ,? 2-microglobin and microalbumin could reflect the lesion of glomerulus and tubulointerstitum at the early stage of essential hypertension in SHR.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of angiotensinⅡ receptor blockade in protection against kidney lesion in hypertensive rats.Methods The investigation was comprised with normotensive control (WKY) and hypertensive group (SHR) which included treated and untreated group. Relevant index such as blood pressure and ultrastructural changes in glomerulus with transmission electronic microscope were acquired in three-month old and eight-month old. Losartan was administrated with 20mg?Kg -1 ?d -1 in treated group.Results The volume density of vessel endothelium, mesangial cells and mesangial area of SHR was significantly larger than that of WKY(P

AIM: To study the impact of hyperlipidemia on vasoactive substances and the mechanism of gemfibrozil in regulating the endothelial function. METHODS: The hyperlipidemic model was established with rats. The serum levels of lipid, NO, angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and levels of NO, AngⅡ in myocardial tissues were measured. RESULTS: Hyperlipidemic rats had lower level of NO and higher level of VEGF than control subjects. Significant correlation had been shown between serum levels of lipid and NO. Administration of gemfibrozil significantly elevated serum VEGF, NO and myocardial tissue NO levels. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperlipidemia not only reduced serum NO level but also reduced myocardial NO content, which could cause endothelial dysfunction. Gemfibrozil reversed the above changes induced by hyperlipidemia, which might have relevance to VEGF.

Objective To investigate the effects of Tongmai Tang on the production of nitric oxide(NO) and the balance of fibrinolysis system in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) injured by oxidized low density lipoprotein(oxLDL). Methods The herbage-contained serum of Tongmai Tang and oxLDL were prepared, then the human HUVEC-304 cells were divided into 4 groups: ⑴control group; ⑵bovine serum control group; ⑶oxLDL group: 100mg/L oxLDL, and ⑷Tongmai Tang group: 5% herbage-contained serum of Tongmai Tang and 100mg/L oxLDL. After 24h incubation, the morphology of the endothelial cells was observed under the inversion microscope, while the concentrations of NO, t-PA and PAI-1 in the culture medium were measured. Results ⑴The endothelial cells in oxLDL group were seriously injured, while those in Tongmai Tang group got better; ⑵the concentrations of NO and t-PA in the oxLDL group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P

Objective To observe the influence of serum containing Tongmai on the anoxic myocardial cell. Methods The serum containing Tongmai effective components was extracted and used to interfere the anoxic myocardial cell, then the concentration of the LDH and troponin I in the culture medium of the cardiac myocyte was measured. Results The concentration of LDH and troponin I increased significantly in the culture mediun of the anoxic cardiac myocyte. The intervention of the serum containing Tongmai can significantly decreased the concentration of LDH and troponin I in the culture medium of the anoxic cardiac myocyte. Conclusion Tongmai can protect the cardiac myocyte from anoxic damage.