Objective To investigate the clinical significance of related inflammatory biomarkers on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated mortality,in order to provide the basis for clinical screening of high risk patients.Methods One thousand five hundred cases of outpatients and inpatients from Feb.2012 to Mar.2013 were selected as our subjects.All patients were conducted 15-27 months followup.According to patient outcome,they were divided into survival(1346 cases) and death groups (154 cases).The clinical data,pulmonary function,level of respiratory difficulty and inflammatory biomarker levels were recorded.Results The average age of the death group was (65.3 ± 12.2) years old,significantly higher than that of the survival group ((60.2 ± 11.5) years old,and the difference was significant (t =5.180,P ＜ 0.01).Body mass index(BMI) in death group was (19.8 ±5.4) kg/m2,significantly lower than that of the survival group(23.2 ± 5.6) kg/m2 and the difference was significant (t =7.373,P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of gender (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of 1 s forced expiratory volume (FEV1),FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC),the British Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (MMRC) rating in death group were (1.1 ± 0.4) L,(40.8 ± 8.2) ％ and (2.8 ± 1.3),significantly lower than those of the survival group((1.5 ±0.5) L,(46.3 ± 11.2) ％,(2.1 ± 1.2))..FEV1 and FEV1/FVC of death group were significantly lower than those of the survival group,while the MMRC significantly higher,and the differences were significant (t =9.582,5.914,6.797,P ＜ 0.01).The levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),neutrophil levels in death group were (4.8 ± 1.2)mg/L,(154.4 ± 28.6) ng/L,(398.8 ± 86.3) ng/L,(942.6 ± 212.8) ng/L,(6.0 ± 2.8) × 109/L,significantly higher than those of the survival group ((3.4 ± 1.1) mg/L,(112.8 ±23.6) ng/L,(332.7 ± 76.3) ng/L,(1 482.8 ± 223.6) ng/L,(5.1 ± 1.5) × 109/L),and the differences were statistically significant (t =14.818,20.242,10.041,29.684,6.299,P＜0.01).Conclusion Inflammatory biomarkers including CRP,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and neutrophils are the risk factors of death in patients with COPD.Then clinical attention should be paid to the patients with inflammatory biomarkers for monitoring physical level,in order to guide the clinical screening for high-risk cases,timely take corresponding measures and improve the prognosis.

Japan,one of the countries near China,has obtained great success in medical education through a long time exploration.Professor of R.Harsha Rao from America concluded the drawbacks in the early medical education in Japan,then proposed corresponding blueprint including reforming education systems,breaking the limitation in subjects and establishing comprehensive education system.Japanese medical education has been well promoted,the experience can be used in our country's medical education reforms.

Respiratory tract infection is the most common pediatric diseases,including respiratory infection caused by a virus for more than half.So far,the virus infection has no special medication,so prevention is particularly significant.This paper introduces that the common preventive methods of familiar respiratory virus and the investigative progress of the newest drugs in China,for the sake of improve the cognition of respiratory virus infection of the pediatrician and children's dependents.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and ADR of domestic recombinant human interleukin-11(Ⅰ)(rhIL-11 (Ⅰ))in the treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with malignant tumor. METHODS:In self-controlled trial,50 malignant tumor patients with thrombocytopenia induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy were injected with 25 ?g?kg-1?d-1 rhIL-11(Ⅰ) subcutaneously. Drug withdrawal was conducted after consecutive 10 days injection or platelet count being higher than 300?109?L-1. RESULTS:The minimum mean value of platelet were(56.53?27.11)?109?L-1 after radiotherapy and chemotherapy and(126.73? 57.58)?109?L-1 after rhIL-11(Ⅰ)treatment(P