Early diagnosis and accurate staging are important for planning therapeutic intervention to improve outcomes in patients with malignant melanoma (MM).Noninvasive molecular imaging has been extensively studied in cancer diagnosis,staging,therapeutic evaluation,and prognosis.Several radiopharmaceuticals have been developed to diagnose and treat MM,such as monoclonal antibodies,melanocortin receptors,benzamide (BZA) and BZA analogs.In this review,the characteristics and limitations of these radionuclide molecular probes are summarized and discussed.

Objective The study aimed to explore the relationship between storage methods and pollution degrees of two different storage methods for medical devices which can not be packed promptly after cleaning.Methods 300 pieces of surgical devices were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group according to random digit table,150 pieces in each group.Each group was washed with two cleaning machines of the same brand and model number using the same cleaning protocol,and after cleaning,the experimental group was stored in the cleaning machine,while the control group was exposed in the packaging area.Ten hours later,each surgical instrument was detected using ATP biological fluorescence detector.Results The percent of pass in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group [98％ (147/150) vs.86％ (129/150)],x2=12.7,P＜ 0.05.Conclusions Medical devices should better be stored in the washing machine than exposure to the air after cleaning if they could not be packaged and sterilized immediately.

Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Research Report

Objective To investigate the respiratory mechanics and treatment outcomes of different types of mechanical ventilation for patients with neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS):the high frequency oscillation ventilation + pulmonary surfactant (HFOV+PS),conventional mechanical ventilation + pulmonary surfactant(CMV+PS),conventional mechanical ventilation(CMV). Methods Seventy-five cases with neonatal ARDS,25 cases in the HFOV+PS group,30 cases in the CMV+PS group,20 cases in the CMV group. Patients in the former two groups received 70 mg/kg PS at a time. PaO2,PaCO2,PaO2/FiO2,oxygenation index(OI)and respiratory index(RI)were detected at 0 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h post-mechanical ventilation. Results At 12, 24,and 48 hours post-mechanical ventilation,patients in the HFOV+PS group had a significantly higher level of PaO2 and a significantly lower level of PaCO2 than those of patients in the CMV+PS group and the CMV group(P<0.05). At 12,24,48,and 72 hours post-mechanical ventilation,patients in the HFOV+PS group had a significantly higher level of PaO2/FiO2 and significantly lower level of OI and RI than those of patients in the CMV+PS group and the CMV group (P < 0.05,respectively). Patients in the HFOV+PS group also had significantly shorter durations of mechanical ventilation and oxygen usage than those of patients in the CMV+PS group and the CMV group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in Gas leak,the incidence of intracerebral haemorrhage and cure rate among the three groups. Conclusions Application of HFOV with PS therapy for patients with neonatal ARDS can timely improve the oxygenation,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and the usage of oxygen,without increasing complications.

Objective To evaluate the application value of 18 F‐FDG PET/CT in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) to improve the etiological diagnosis accuracy of PET/CT in patients with FUO and provide better service for clinical prac‐tice .Methods Clinical data and imaging results of 144 cases of FUO patients diagnosed through 18 F‐FDG PET/CT examination in Wuhan union hospital from December 2009 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed .The final diagnoses were based on sur‐gical pathology ,aspiration cytology ,or discharge diagnosis combined with more than 12 months of follow‐up results .All the PET/CT images were analyzed and the clinical application value of PET/CT in FUO patients were evaluated through the diagnose rate , diagnose efficiency and clinical staging of malignant tumor .Results Among the 144 patients ,there were 130 cases ultimately had clear diagnosis ,which including 41 cases of malignant tumor ,89 cases of benign lesions and 14 cases the cause of unknown .PET/CT detected abnormal lesions for 97 .6% (40/41) of patients with malignant lesions and 88 .7% (79/89) of patients with benign le‐sions ,and the diagnostic sensitivity ,specificity ,accuracy ,positive predictive value ,and negative predictive value were :97 .6% (40/41) ,86 .5% (77/89) ,90% (117/130) ,76 .9% (40/52) and 98 .7% (77/78) .PET/CT detected the primary lesions for the first time in 46 .3% (19/41) patients with malignant tumor ,and detected more lesions than the traditional imaging methods in 92 .7% (38/41) of these patients .Conclusion 18 F‐FDG PET/CT imaging can provided important reference value for the detection of primary lesions ,the qualitative diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions and clinical staging of malignant lesions .

Literatures at home and abroad were collected and pharmacology studies of berberine on treatment of digestive diseases were summarized. Berberine has still huge potential for treatment of peptic ulcer, gastritis, enteritis and other applications, and it has promising prospect in development and utilization.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea ; etiology ; surgery ; Child ; Endoscopy ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Paranasal Sinuses ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To analysis the genomic sequence of a novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*3818 allele.Methods Full length genomic sequence of an unknown HLA-B allele was cloned,followed by bi-directional sequencing and the specificity of the antigen coded by this novel allele was defined by microcytotoxicity assay.The frequency and haplotype of this novel allele was acquired by population census and parentage analysis.Results The full length genomic sequence of this novel HLA-B*3818 allele with accession number FJ561482 differs from HLA-B*380201 by two nucleotide changes in exon 4 and intron 5,respectively.One change is located at nt 660 in exon 4 where C→A alternation,which results in an amino acid substitution from Asp(GAC)to Glu(GAA)at codon 196.This alternation is a new single nucleotide polymorphism compared with all other HLA-B alleles.Another is located at genomic position 2133 in intron 5(A→C).Except for this substitution,the intron sequences of HLA-B*3818 allele are identical to those of other HLA-B*38 alleles including HLA-B*380101,B*380201 and B*3814.The serological specificity of HLA-B*3818 is B38 and the frequency of this new allele is less than 0.000 5 in Chinese Han population.The parentage analysis showed the haplotype of novel allele is A*030101-Cw*010201-B*3818-DRB1*1312-DOB1*060101.Conclusion The simultaneous mutations in exon and intron were found in the Hovel HLA-B*3818 allele,and so it can present more sequence information for studies and applications associated with HIA genes by analyzing the genomic sequences of novel HLA alleles.

Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; complications ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications

Objective To explore the potential mechanism of abnormal behavior resulted from maternal separation in neo-natal period in rat. Methods Neonatal rats were equally and randomly divided into maternal separation group and control group. The rats in maternal separation group were separated from the dam for 3h per day on postnatal days (PND) 2 to 21, nothing was done to the rats in the control group. The brain tissues were taken out after being killed on PND 7, 14, and 21. The expressions of Caveolin-l, BDNF and GFAP in hippocampal formation were detected by immunohistochemistry. Semiquantitative assessment of immunohistochemical images was performed by Image-Pro Plus software. Results Compared with control groups, the expres-sion of Caveolin-l on PND 7 had no signiifcant change, while BDNF and GFAP were signiifcantly increased in maternal separa-tion group (P<0.05). On PND 14 and 21, the expressions of Caveolin-l, BDNF and GFAP were signiifcantly decreased in maternal separation group (P<0.05). Conclusions Decreased expressions of Caveolin-l, BDNF and GFAP caused by maternal separation in neonatal period may be associated with abnormal behaviors in adulthood in rat.