Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in breast cancer patients can be detected by Cell Search system. Results from recent studies suggested that CTCs level might serve as a prognostic marker and be used in the early assessment of therapeutic response in patients with metastatic breast cancer. However the role of CTCs in early stage breast cancer is not well established. Large prospective trials are needed to further understand its biological characteristics and to confirm its role as a predictive and prognostic marker.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of uterine artery embolization on cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and curettage opportunity.Methods Sixty-three patients with CSP received curettage after uterine artery embolization with gelfoam were selected.Among of them,21 cases received curettage within 24 h after uterine artery embolization (group A); 20 cases within 1-3 d (group B);22 cases within 4-7 d (group C).The intraoperative haemorrhage,serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG)level resolution time,duration of hospital stay,hospitalization cost,postoperative complications were observed after the termination of the pregnancy.Results The duration of hospital stay and hospitalization cost in group A and group B were (10.5 ± 3.9),(10.2 ± 5.2) d and (7353 ± 962),(7594 ± 1032) yuan,respectively,and there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Which was lower than that in group C [(13.9 ± 5.4) d,(10 980 ± 1534) yuan],and there was significant difference(P ＜ 0.01).The intraoperative haemorrhage,serum β-hCG level resolution time and postoperative complications in group B and group C were(20.2 ± 8.8),(20.7 ± 9.3) ml and (25.9 ± 9.3),(25.7 ± 8.1) d and 40.0％(8/20),40.9％(9/22),and there was no significant difference(P＞ 0.05).But which was better than those in group A[(35.0 ± 10.7) ml,(20.5 ± 7.7) d,66.7％ (14/21)],and there was significant difference (P ＜0.01).Conclusions The treatment of curettage after the uterine artery embolization is a safe and effective method for CSP.There are fewer complications,shorter hospital stays and fewer hospitalization costs if receiving curettage within 1-3 d after uterine artery embolization.

The blockade of targeted immune checkpoint is one of the most promising approaches to activate therapeutic antitu-mor immunity. The immune checkpoint refers to a plethora of inhibitory pathways in the immune system. These pathways are crucial for maintaining self-tolerance and modulating the duration and amplitude of physiological immune responses in peripheral tissues to minimize collateral tissue damage. Tumors co-opt certain immune-checkpoint pathways as a major mechanism of immune resistance. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibodies were the first of this class of immunotherapeutics to acquire approval from the US Food and Drug Administration. Preliminary clinical findings with blockers of additional immune-checkpoint proteins, such as pro-grammed cell death protein 1, indicate broad and diverse opportunities to enhance anti-tumor immunity with the potential to produce du-rable clinical responses. Classic chemotherapy exerts significant immunomodulatory effects on tumor cells via multiple mechanisms. Therefore, the combination of immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade with chemotherapy, is a new promising trend in anti-tumor immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate effects of sinusitis mixture on functional endoscopic sinus after surgery .Methods According random number table,36 cases of chronic nasosinusitis patients were divided into the treatment group and control group,the two groups were routinely 2%NaCl saline nasal irrigation,use of nasal corticosteroids and mucous discharging agent mixture used in postoperative patients with sinusitis in the treatment group oral therapy. Results The treatment group 100%,total efficiency in the control group (89%) (χ2 =4.36,P<0.05),there was a statistically significant difference.Conclusion Sinusitis mixture has significant efficacy on the recovery of patients afterfunctional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Objective To emphasize the necessitya and principle of hearing and speech training after cochlear implantatiom.Methods 2 cases evaluation pre-and post-operation.Results The result of 1 case who carried out effective hearing and speech training post-operation is much better than the result of another one who did not do the training.Conclusion The deaf children can get hearing by cochlear implant.In order to get good rehabilitation result,they should do scientific and effective hearing and speech training.

Objective To observe the change of composition of PL and content of protein in PS after anatoxin damnify lung.Methods The rats lung injury models were made by intratracheally instilling anatoxin(0.1mg/kg,0.4mg/kg).24 rats were divided into four groups:12hour group,2day group,3day group,5day group.Pr of each group were examined by electron microscope,content of PL,composition of PL and content of protein of each group wete determinde respectively.Results Rats lungs in experimental guoups were found that PS lost continuously,dropped in the pulmonary alveolies.12hour group was more apparent.Content of protein in PS was the highest in 12hour group,Content of PL in PS go add,12hour group was more apparent.Conclusion Morphologic change and alternation of quality and quantity of PS after anatoxin-induced pulmonary injures specifically reflect the activity of lung danmify.Measuring content of PL and PI is sign of simple and feasible method when lungs of the rats are injured early by bleomycin.

Objective To investigate the effects of HRT on endometrium of postmenopausal women.Methods 53 cases of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding(PMB),from Jan,1995 to Dec.1999 treated by HRT were selected to make a comparison with the other 60 cases of PMB without HRT during the corresponding period.Both groups had integrated ultrasonic and pathological data and getting information from succedent inspection.Results The rates of the endometrial carcinorma incidences that happen in the HRT group were non-HRT group were 5 66% and 8 33% respectively,which had little significant.While the occurring rates of inflammation were 1 89% and 16 67% respectively,a significant difference between the both existed here.Conclusions With HRT,the various symptoms of post menopause women can be efficiently improved.It is safe and effective in short term.But a close monitoring is absolutely necessary for its long term effect(5 years or more).

Purpose:To study the RNA interference-mediated inhibition of survivin gene on the proliferation of human breast cancer SKBr-3 cells. Methods:SKBr-3 cells were transfected with a pSUPER-S1 vector plasmid that expressed survivin-targeted small interfering RNA, and the mRNA and protein levels of survivin gene were measured with RT-PCR and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The proliferation of transfected SKBr-3 cells was investigated through colony forming assay and MTT assay. The cell cycle phases were determined by flow cytometry(FCM). Results:The mRNA and protein levels of survivin declined markedly in pSUPER-S1-transfected SKBr-3 cells. And the colony forming rate of those cells(38?16.70)% was significantly lower than that of the control cells(90.3?4.04)%.The growth of the pSUPER-S1-transfected cells was decelerated and the cell cycle was mainly blocked at G_(1) phase(74.03?8.91)%. Conclusions:survivin gene silencing by RNA interference contributed to a distinctive inhibition of the proliferation of human breast cancer SKBr-3 cells in vitro.

Objective:To investigate the biomechanical effect of magn et ic expansion by a new electronic speckle pattern interferometry. Methods :One fresh human skull of 12 years old with intact suture tissues and pe riodontal membrane was adopted. Magnetic expansion was loaded on the maxilla for 1,5,15,30 and 60 min respectively by magnetic force (NdFeB).Relative informa tion on the maxillary complex was acquired by electronic speckle pattern interfe rometry(ESPI). The deforming fringes was processed by the microcomputer image s ystem and the corresponding out-of plane displacement of the maxillary complex was analyzed. Results:Fringes of the maxillary complex were obs erved on monitor screen when magnetic force was loaded. From 1 min to 30 min-lo ading the fringe density was increasing, but decreased 1 h after loading. There was no fringe in the suture of the skull. Greate deformity was found on the lowe r part of maxilla. Conclusion:Magnetic force of expansion is con centrated in the deep structure of the maxillary complex.

Objective:To investigate the expression pattern of MMP-11 and MMP-14 in breast carcinoma, and the effect of MMP-11 on breast carcinoma cell migration and invasion. Methods:MMP-11 and MMP-14 expression were examined in 161 invasive breast carcinoma tissue samples and 10 normal breast tissue samples. siRNA was used to knockout MMP-11 in breast carcinoma cell line MB-231 and Transwells were used to evaluate changes in migration ability and invasion ability. Results:Both MMP-11 and MMP-14 were highly expressed in breast carcinoma samples,122 and 149 samples out of 161,respectively. The expression of both proteins were correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM staging. After knockout of MMP-11,the expression of both proteins decreased in MB-231 cell line and experiments show that the cell′s migration and invasion abilities were significantly weakened. Conclusion:MMP-11 and MMP-14 could promote invasion and metastasis of breast carcinoma. Knockout of MMP-11 results in the downregulated expression of MMP-14,and the inhibition of breast carcinoma cell′s migration and invasion. They could be potential prognostic markers and treatment targets for of breast carcinoma.