Objective To investigate the nursing knowledge of rural patients with rectal carcinoma after permanent colostomy.Methods Data were collected on 54 patients with rectal carcinoma after permanent colostomy using the self-designed questionnaire and analyzed by statistical methods.Results The rural patients with permanent colostomy showed low level of nursing knowledge.Scores of patients with different sexes and family income showed significant difference.Conclusions Medical security system and medical staff should provide with more welfare policy and specialty support for the patients in rural areas to promote their knowledge of self-care.

Objective To explore the anticoagulation effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) combination with warfarin at the early stage at the treatment of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis.Methods 80 cases of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis patients in people's hospital of Xinjiang Uygur autononous region from January 2010 to December 2014 were chosen to be analyzed retrospectively.37 cases in observation group were treated with low molecular heparin (LMWH) in combination with warfarin, and 43 cases in control group were treated with warfarin.The clinical curative effect between two groups was compared post-treatment.Results The effective rate in observation group was 91.89%, which was significantly higher than 67.44% in control group (P<0.05) .The recanalization rate of involved intracerebral venous in observation group was 89.19%, which was significantly higher than 67.29% in control group(P<0.05).After treatment, the prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were higher and fibrinogen (FBG) in both groups was lower than those pre-treatment(P<0.05).The PT and APTT was higher and FBG was lower in observation group than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Low molecular weight heparin in combination with warfarin worked well than single warfarin in the treatment of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis.

AIM: To set the model of rat bone marrow me se nchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) that differentiate into cardiomyocytes and observe t he connection structure between cells. METHODS: BMMSCs were isolated by adhering to culture plates and cultured in vitro to expand. Induction of BMMSCs to differentiate into cardi omyo cytes was conducted by treating the cells with 5-aza. Immunocytochemical stainin g was used to identify sarcomeric actin and intercalated disc-like structure wh en the cells were cultured for additional 1 week, 2 or 3 weeks, respectively. RESULTS: Sarcomeric actin positive cells were observed in 1 week , 2 or 3 weeks after 5-aza treatment. Some cells stained positive for connexin4 3 at 1 week and 2 weeks after 5-aza treatment, with brown pellet located disper sively around nucleus. 3 weeks after 5-aza treatment, connexin43 positive cells s howed brown pellet arranging in thready structure around nucleus, such structure could be seen between very few cells which was similar to intercalated disc-lik e structure in normal heart tissue. CONCLUSION: During the process of BMMSCs differentiating into ca rdiomyocytes, intercalated disc-like structure is gradually formed with increas e in culture time and cell density.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Astragaloside Ⅳ (AS-Ⅳ) on hypoxia/re-oxygenation induced by RAW264.7 murine macrophages.Methods The hypoxia/re- oxygenation induced RAW264.7 murine macrophages served as a model of I/R injury. The cells were divided into the control group, the model group, and the AS-Ⅳ group. The cell morphological changes of each group were observed directly under inverted microscope. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) were separately examined by RT-PCR, Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining.Results Compared with the model group, the numbers of cell in AS-Ⅳ group significantly increased , and the cell physiological status were much better. Compared with the model group, the iNOS immunofluorescence semi quantitative (0.62 ± 0.02 vs. 1.32 ± 0.09), the expression of mRNA (1.51 ± 0.07 vs. 3.46 ± 0.39), and protein (2.30 ± 0.14 vs. 5.16 ± 0.49) significantly reduced in AS-Ⅳ group (P<0.01). The CD206 immunofluorescence semi quantitative (1.01 ± 0.03 vs.0.61 ± 0.01), the expression of mRNA (0.91 ± 0.03 vs.0.51 ± 0.01), and protein (0.61 ± 0.04 vs.0.19 ± 0.01) significantly reduced in AS-Ⅳ group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the PPAR-γ immunofluorescence semi quantitative (0.60 ± 0.14 vs. 0.34 ± 0.03), mRNA (2.00 ± 0.14 vs.1.04 ± 0.03), andprotein (0.67 ± 0.05 vs.0.19 ± 0.01) significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusions The AS-Ⅳ could attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury by altering macrophages phenotype through upregulation PPAR-γ.

The clinical practice is a very important link for medical students to relate theory with practice and to be trained comprehensively.Stomatology is an applied science,so clinical practice is more outstanding and important during the stomatological education.This thesis discusses how to improve stomatological students' comprehensive skill in the clinical practice.

Objective To study the relationship between EZH2 and Ki-67 expression and both in ameloblastoma and normal oral mucosa.Methods EZH2 and Ki-67 were detected by immunohistochemical SP method in 50 cases of ameloblastoma (30 cases primary,20 cases recurrence) and expression in 20 cases of normal oral mucosa.Results The positive expression of EZH2 protein in recurrent ameloblastoma was (36.25±7.24) ％,significantly higher than that of primary ameloblastomas (25.26±4.28) ％ (P ＜ 0.001).Ki-67 in recurrent positive expression in ameloblastoma was (34.96±5.28) ％,significantly higher than that of primary ameloblastomas (29.68±3.27) ％ (P ＜ 0.05).There was positively corTelated on EZH2 and Ki-67 (P ＜ 0.05),but not on the size of tumor and gender (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions There are high expression of EZH2 and Ki-67 in ameloblastoma,and their play key role in the occurrence and development of ameloblastoma.They can be used as a reference index for the prognosis.The combined detection of EZH2 and Ki-67 protein expression with clinical evidence and its prognosis may contribute to the process of ameloblastoma and recurrence.

Objective To evaluate the effect of preoperative aescuven forte tablets in the prevention of procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids(PPH) complications.Methods One hundred and seventy-nine patients underwent PPH in the Erlonglu Hospital of Beijing from June 2013 to June 2014 were divided into postoperative aescuven forte tablets group (n =90) and preoperative aescuven forte tablets group (n =89).The postoperative pain,bleeding,retention of urine,anal swelling,length of stay in hospital and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of postoperative pain,bleeding,retention of urine,anal swelling were lower than in the preoperative aescuven forte tablets group (pain after operations rate:7.9％ (7/89) vs.20.0％ (18/90),x2 =5.484,P＜ 0.05;Wound bleeding:0 vs.6.7 ％ (6/90),P =0.026;retention of urine:9.0％ (8/89) vs.20.0％(18/90),x2 =4.370,P＜0.05;anal swelling:1.1％(1/89) vs.8.9％(8/90),P=0.035),and length of stay in hospital was shorter(11.9±3.9) d vs.(13.3 ±5.0) d,t=3.134,P＜0.05).There was no recurrence both of two groups follow up for more than 2 months.Conclusion Preoperative oral aescuven forte tablets of 2 h can reduce PPH complications and worthy of popularization and application.

Objective To investigate the difference and the correlation of the vowel's phonation threshold pressure and nasalance in normal subjects .Methods The Aeroview (GLOTTAL Enterprises)with the materials /pa/,/pi/,/pu/ was used to obtain phonation threshold pressure values and The NasalviewTM (Tiger Electronics Inc .,Seattle ,Shanghai) with the materials /a/,/i/,/u/was used to obtain nasalance values .A total of 30 subjects (15 males ,15 females ,and aged 19~30) years old received the tests .The results of the vowel's phonation threshold pressure and nasalance gender score difference were compared .Results The PTP gender scores of /a/,/i/,/u/in maleswere4.53±0.70cm,5.21±0.80cm,5.87±1.45cm,andinfemaleswere4.09±0.30cm,4.47±0.30cm, and 4 .77 ± 0 .32 cm ,respectively .There were significant differences between males and females in PTP values (P<0 .05) .The PTP gender score differences showed that males were greater than that of females .There were signifi‐cant differences in different vowels (P<0 .05) .The nasalance gender scores of /a/,/i/,/u/in males were 30 .2 ± 5 . 75% ,38 .8 ± 8 .54% ,26 .5 ± 6 .03% ,and in females w ere32 .4 ± 7 .14% ,40 .5 ± 11 .8% ,and 30 .1 ± 4 .83% ,respec‐tively .There were no significant differences between males and females in nasalance values (P> 0 .05) .The na‐salance gender score differences showed that females were greater than males .There were significant differences in different vowels(P<0 .05) .This study found a weak correlation between PTP and nasalance .Conclusion The relationship between oral pressure and nasal flow cannot be accurately measured by measuring PTP ,and /pa/is a relatively suit‐able material for testing oral pressure .

Objective　To obtain genetic characterization of the HA1 of new isolates of influenza A （H1N1） virus. Methods　Virus was amplified in embryonated chicken eggs， the virion DNA was transcribed into cDNA by reverse transcriptase， cDNA amplified by PCR， the products of PCR were purified. Afterward， DNA sequence analysis was performed by the dideoxy-mediated chain termination method， using synthetic oligo nucleotide primers. Results　The HA1 domain of new isolates of influenza A （H1N1） virus showed that their HA1 genes were 981 nucleotide in length coding for a HA1 protein with 327 amino acids， deletion of a glycosylation site and an amino acid. The homology of amino acid sequences of protein molecules on HA1 domains of new influenza A virus when compared with A／Guifang／10／94（H1N1） and A／Bayern ／07／95 （H1N1） viruses，was 92.8％ and 91.3％ respectively； The homology of amino acid sequences of protein molecules on HA1 domains of A／Jingjun／11／98（H1N1） when compared with A／Jingjun／13／98（H1N1） or A／Jingjun／807／97（H1N1） viruses，was as high as 98％； The homology of amino acid sequences of protein molecules on HA1 domains of A／Guifang／10／94（H1N1） when compared with A／Bayern／07／95（H1N1） viruses was as high as 96％. Conclusions　The HA1 gene of　new H1N1 virus strains is　different from those of A／Guifang／10／94 （H1N1） and A／Bayern／07／95（H1N1）， they will probably be new mutation strains.

Objective:To access the benefits and harms of remote ischemic preconditioning(RIPC) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods:An electronic and manual search of literature published before Mar 2020 was conducted using Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials(RCTs), CNKI, CBM, WanFang and VIP. 23 studies involving in 5 025 participants were included. Patients were randomly assigned to either remote ischemic preconditioning group(n=2 524) or control group(n=2 521). Remote ischemic preconditioning consisted of 3-4 cycles of lower limbs or upper limbs ischemia and reperfusion with an automated cuff inflator. Clinical data and the levels of injury biomarkers were collected. The main outcomes were the incidence of adverse events, mortality in the hospital, and the post-operative troponin concentration. The effective values of dichotomous variables or continuous variables were estimated by Relative risk( RR) or by mean differences( MD), standardized mean differences( SMD) with 95% confidence intervals( CI) respectively. Results:In general risk of bias varied from low to moderate risk of bias across included studies, and insufficient detail was provided to inform judgement in several cases. There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to all-cause mortality in hospital( RR=1.27, 95% CI: 0.84-1.91, P=0.26), no-fatal myocardial infarction( RR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.79-1.07, P=0.27) , new stroke( RR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.61-1.50, P=0.84), new atrial fibrillation( RR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.83-1.15, P=0.77) and acute renal failure( RR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.90-1.14, P=0.83). Conclusion:There is no evidence that RIPC has a treatment effect on clinical outcomes(measured as all-cause mortality in hospital, no-fatal myocardial infarction, new stroke, new atrial fibrillation, and acute renal failure). More research should be designed to confirm the effect of RIPC on myocardial protection with cardiopulmonary bypass.