Interventional treatment has become the first-line therapeutic method for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With the development of related techniques,drug-loaded microparticles and radioactive microspheres have been applied in clinical prac-tice,with good therapeutic effect achieved.This paper analyzes and summarizes the existing interventional treatment methods and problems, and points out that HCC patients can achieve great benefits from combination therapy,and that standardized interventional therapy is a direc-tion for future development.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with 355～500?m polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles for treatment of larger hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Seventy-three patients with larger HCC had been undergone TACE. Median tumor size was 12.3 (range 8.4～20.4) cm with Child-Pugh class A in all patients. The chemotherapy agents, Lipiodol and PVA were injected into tumor artery for each patient, with dose of PVA 100mg for 71 patients, 200mg and 50mg for each of another cases, respectively. The changes and responses of liver function and tumor size were noted. Results The tumor size decreased with an average of 3cm (P

For interventional therapy of hepatic carcinoma, the anatomical pathway and the variation of complex vessels often cause difficulties in performing super-selective catheterization, or even result in catheterization failure. Understanding of the vascular variations and finding out the effective technique of catheterization can surely reduce the radiation exposure dose to both the operators and patients, and in the same time, can increase the successful rate of super-selective catheterization, which will undoubtedly improve the curative effect. More than 30 thousand times of interventional managements for hepatic carcinoma have been performed in our hospital, from which the author has selected some successful cases as well as some unsuccessful cases to make a technical analysis in order to sum up the experience of super-selective catheterization for clinical physicians' reference.

10 mm)were showed by DSA.On nonenhanced CT,there were 3-4 low density nodules and 4 isodensity nodules.Thirty-two nodules was high density and 8 nodules was low density in arterial phase,33 and 7 nodules were low density and isodensity respectively in portal venous phase,39 and 1 nodule were low density and isodensity respectively in delayed phase.Conclusion The MSCT is excelled DSA in detection satellite nodule of HCC,especially smaller than 10 mm nodule.

Seven cases exhibited segmental bile duct dilation with filling defects. One case only showed dilatation of lobar bile ducts. Conclusion MRI features of IPNB are helpful for distinguishing IPNB from other hepatic lesions.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high fatality rate and most patients are in advanced stage when diagnosed with routine methods.As a molecular imaging method, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has become more and more important.However, it also has certain limitations, since it always has false-negative results for well-differentiated HCC and small HCC.Therefore, a combination of various tracers can improve the sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT in the diagnosis of HCC.This article reviews the role of PET/CT in the therapeutic effect evaluation, recurrence monitoring, and prognosis of HCC.

Objective To evaluate the value of liver acquisition with volume acceleration(LAVA) in the diagnosis of hepatic outflow abnormalities.Methods LAVA was performed in 78 patients with suspected hepatic outflow abnormalities,thrombosis,stenosis,occlusion,or compression,including 71 hepatocellular carcinomas and 7 Budd-Chiari syndrome.Image quality and the presence of venous abnormalities and collaterals were evaluated.Results LAVA images were of diagnostic quality and without artifact in all patients.LAVA clearly showed the vascular anatomy and various disorders.The site,extent,cause of venous obstruction,and collateral pathways were well depicted.Conclusion LAVA is simple to perform and accurate in detecting hepatic outflow abnormalities.

Objective To analyze the risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) in the intensive care unit(ICU) of a hospital,and provide theoretical reference for preventing and controlling VAP.Methods ICU patients receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours between October 2013 and December 2014 were monitored by targeted monitoring method,risk factors for the occurrence of VAP were analyzed.Results A total of 483 patients received mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours,76 (15.73％) of whom developed VAP;the overall ventilator days were 5 347 days,incidence of VAP was 14.21 per 1 000 ventilator days.Univariate analysis showed that groups of gender,age,length of hospital stay,and duration of artificial airway were all significantly different,VAP rate in male patients was higher than that in female patients(x2 =9.838,P＜0.01);VAP rate was highest in patients aged 41-70 years(x2 =10.242,P＜0.01),followed by patients aged≥71 years;VAP rate were relatively higher in patients with longer length of hospital stay and longer duration of artificial airway(x2 =59.533,P＜0.01;x2 =74.215,P＜0.01,respectively).Conclusion Incidence of VAP in the ICU of this hospital is higher,especially in male patients,patients aged 41-70 years,as well as patients with long length of hospital stay and long duration of artificial airway.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of Chaihu shugan powder combined with clonazepam in the treatment of liver qi stagnation type anxiety. METHODS:96 patients with liver qi stagnation type anxiety were randomly divided in-to observation group and control group,with 48 cases in each group. Control group was given Clonazepam tablet with initial dose of 0.5 mg,increasing to 4.0 mg gradually,tid;observation group was additionally given Chaihu shugan powder 300 ml,bid,on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for 6 weeks. Clinical efficacy of 2 groups were observed,and HAMA and SAS were observed before and after treatment;the incidence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:The total effective rate of observation group(97.92%)was significantly higher than that of control group(83.33%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in HAMA and SAS between 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05);HAMA and SAS of 2 groups decreased significantly 1,3 and 6 weeks after treatment,and the observation group was lower than the control group, with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Chaihu shugan powder combined with clonazepam is effective,improve patient anxiety and safe in the treatment of liver qi stagnation type anxiety.

ObjectiveTo analyze the polymorphism of HLA-A,B,and DRB1 alleles and their haplotypes in Chinese Man population.Methods Frequencies of HLA-A,B and DRB1 alleles and haplotypes were estimated by maximum-likelihood estimation method based on the genotypes of 2183 Chinese Man bone marrow donors.ResultsA total of 18 HLA-A alleles,44 HLA-B alleles and 15 HLA-DRB1 alleles were detected in Man population,and the most frequent alleles were A*02,A*11,A*24,A*30,A*33,B*13,B*35,B*46,B*51,B*40(B60),B*40(B61),B*15(B62),DRB1*04,DRB1*07,DRB1*08,DRB1*09,DRB1*11,DRB1*12,DRB1*13,DRB1*14 and DRB1*15.A*30-B*13,A*02-DRB1*15,B*13-DRB1*07 and A*30-B*13-DRB1*07 were the most frequent haplotypes in Man population for A-B,A-DRB1,B-DRB1 and A-B-DRB1 haplotype,respectively.The number of haplotypes with frequency ≥ 0.01 for A-B,A-DRB1 and B-DRB1 haplotype was 31,24 and 27,respectively,and ≥ 0.005 for A-B-DRB1 haplotype was 32.There were 14 in A-B,3 in A-DRB1,14 in B-DRB1 and 38 in A-B-DRB1 haploypes that showed strong linkage disequilibrium with ALD≥0.40.ConclusionsThe distribution of HLA-A,B and DRB1 alleles and haplotypes in Man population was similar to that in Northern Chinese Han population.