Objective To investigate the intervention effect and mechanism of Suanzaoren decoction(SZRD)on insomnia and depression model mice based on pharmacodynamics and network pharmacology.Methods According to the insomnia disease model,the mice were randomly divided into control,insomnia model,SZRD low-dose,high-dose and diazepam groups;according to the depression disease model,the mice were randomly divided into control,depression model,SZRD low-dose,high-dose and Xiaoyao pill groups.The contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),norepinephrine(NE),and dopamine(DA)in the brains of mice were measured on days 7 and 28,and behavioral evaluations were performed in each group of mice.With the help of network pharmacology method to predict the key targets and related pathways of Suanzaoren decoction in the treatment of insomnia and depression,and to explore its mechanism.Results Behavioral tests and neurotransmitter content determination showed that SZRD could prolong sleep time(P<0.05),improve insomnia behavioral performance in model mice(P<0.05),reduce NE and DA contents in brain tissue of insomnia mice,increase 5-HT content(P<0.05),and was more significant in the low-dose group(P<0.05);SZRD could improve depression behavioral performance,increase sugar water preference,and reduce immobility time in model mice(P<0.05,P<0.01),and increase NE,DA,and 5-HT contents in brain tissue of depression mice(P<0.05),and was more significant in the high-dose group(P<0.05).18 core targets of SZRD in the treatment of insomnia and 34 core targets in the treatment of depression were predicted with the help of network pharmacology methods,and gene ontology(GO)functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis showed that SZRD mainly involved biological processes such as dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity,synaptic transmission and cellular response to reactive oxygen species,and acted on pathways such as the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway to exert therapeutic effects.Conclusion The changes of NE,DA and 5-HT contents in insomnia and depression model mice are not consistent,and the intervention effect of Suanzaoren decoction is also different.Low and high doses of Suanzaoren decoction can exert the best therapeutic effect on insomnia and depression model mice,respectively,and its promoting sleep and antidepressant effects may be related to the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway.