Objectives To detemline whether apoptotic cell death is involved in rat cardiac allograft rejection and investigate the relevance of apoptosis with acute rejection and its implication.Methods Groups of Wistar rats underwent heterotopic heart transplantation from allogeneic SD or syngeneic Wistar rats.The cardiac grafts were harvested at 1,3,5,or 7 days after transplantation and underwent the detection of apoptotic cell death using in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling(TUNEL).Histopathological rejeclion grade and apoptotic index(AI)were analyzed.Results The incidence of apoptotic cells was increased steadily over time in allografts,in contrast to syngeneic grafts.The apoptotic cells in allografts were mainly cardiac myocytes and few infiltrating lymphocytes.The AI of rejection grade 1,2,3 and 4 was significantly higher than that of rejection grade 0(P<0.01).Conclusions TUNEL can display apoptosis of single cell in situ.Apoptosis is an important mechanism of tissue injury in acute cardiac allograft rejection in rats.Myocyte apoptosis can be used as a valuable index to estimate the injury of grafts and monitor acute rejection.

To explore the pathogenic mechanism of GVHD, attempting to forecast the degree of GVHD after stem cell transplantation, and to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of clinical transplantation. The conventional microlymphocytotoxicity and sequencing methods were used in typing the HLA. The degrees of GVHD were estimated by molecular modeling of HLA antigens and veryfied the estimation by comparing the clinical results with anticipated degrees. In 8 recipients, three were transplanted with half matched stem cells. Among these 3 pationts, two developed IV degree GVHD, and one developed II degree GVHD. In the other 3 patients, cells of two unmatched HLA antigens were transplanted, and among them one developed I degree GVHD, and two developed II degree GVHD. In two patients who were transplanted with cells of one unmatched HLA antigens, I and II degrees GVHD developed respectively. Second, the correlationship analysis showed that degrees of GVHD had positive correlation with the RMSD (relative mean square deviation) between different HLA antigens. These results indicated that the degrees of GVHD after stem cell transplantation were related with the difference of three dimensional structures of unmatched stem cell HLA antigens; molecular modeling might be used to predict the prognosis of clinical stem cell transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection on immune function of the rat recipients and onset of Toxoplasmosis after heart transplantation and its correlation with the use of Cyclosporin A(CsA). Methods ELISA was used to detect recipient's specific circulating antigen (CAg) and antibodies (IgG, IgM) after the transplantation. T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were examined by using immunofluorescence stain and flow cytometry (FCM) before and after heart allograft 5,10,15,20 days in rats. Results The use of CsA increased the risk of infection by T. gondii and accelerated the increase of CD8 + T lymphocyte after the transplantation. The incidence of donor acquired T.gondii infection was higher than that of reactivated silent infection in recipients before operation. The percentage of CD8 + T lymphocyte was evidently elevated due to the onset of toxoplasmosis and the ratio CD4 +/CD8 + was reduced or inverted in the meanwhile. Conclusion The immune suppression after use of CsA was the main reason leading to an activation of the silent infection of T.gondii . CD8 + was the main cytotoxic cell elevated during the infection.

Objective Trying to predict the degree of GVHD after partly matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods Analysis of the relationship between three-dimensional structure differences of donor-patient unmatched HLA and the GVHD levels after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Results GVHD levels were related to donor-patient unmatched HLA structure differences. The HLA structure differences forⅠ - Ⅱ degree GVHD were much smaller than that for Ⅲ - Ⅳ degree GVHD. Conclusion Prediction of GVHD by HLA structure differences is simple, rapid, specific and could help select proper conditioning regimens before transplantation and the proper immune suppressive agents after transplantation.

Objective To investigate the clinical and radiologic features of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) associated with preeclampsia-eclampsia.Methods Twenty-one cases of PRES associated with preeclampsia-eclampsia were retrospectively studied on some aspects of clinical and radiologic features.Results The most common clinical presentations were seizures( 18 cases ),headache (16 cases),altered mentation (15 cases) and vision change (12 cases). Vasogenic edema lesions distributed in the parietal or occipital lobe (20 cases),the frontal lobes (14 cases),temporal lobes ( 11 cases), and basal ganglia (11 cases). The splenium involvement occurred in 4 cases,cerebellar hemispheres and brain stem involvement was prcscnted in 3 cases and 1 case separately. Three major patterns of PRES included dominant parietal-occipital (7 cases),the holohemispheric watershed (7 cases),and superior frontal sulcal (6 cases).Partial and asymmetric expression of PRES only occurred in 1 case.Conclusions The clinical features of PRES associated with preeclampsia-eclampsia are typical.Except the parietal or occipital lobe,involvement of the frontal lobe,temporal lobe and basal ganglia is common,followed by the occasional presence of the splenium,cerebellar hemispheres and brain stem.Three primary PRES patterns are noted,occasional with partial and asymmetric expression of PRES. Awareness of these typical and variable characteristics is important to recognize the PRES ncurotoxicity morc accurately when PRES present.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of hyperbaric oxygen plus magnetic stimulation and Xingnaojing injection on the coma patients with severe brain injury.Methods:120 coma patients with severe brain injury who were treated in our hospital from September 2011 to March,2016 were enrolled in the present study.According to different therapies,they were divided into the observation group (55 cases) and control group (65 cases).Both groups received conventional therapy and Xingnaojing injection,on the the basis of which,the control group received the Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy,while the observation group received Magnetic Stimulation on the basis of control group.The GCS,level of inflammatory factors,clinical prognosis as well as memory function were compared between the two groups.Results:After the therapy,the GCS score of both groups were obviously increased and that of observation group was significantly higher than control group (P＜0.05);the serum level ofCRP,TNF-oα,IL-6 levels were significantly decreased compared with those before therapy,and those of observation group were obviously lower than the control group (P＜0.05);the total effective rate of ob servation group was 94.55％ (52/55),which was equivalent to the control group (89.23％,P＞0.05);the long term memory,short term memory,instantaneous memory and memory quotient of observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group.Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen plus magnetic stimulation and Xingnaojing injectionon was effective on the coma patients with severe brain injury,it could down-regulate the inflammatory response,promote awake and recovery of memory function.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the use of CsA and onset of toxoplasma gondii after organ transplantation and study the effect of pathogen acquired path on toxoplasma infectious incidence.Methods ELISA was used to detect recipient's specific CAg and antibodies (IgG, IgM) after organ transplantation of rats. Results The incidence of donor acquired T.gondii infection was higher than that of reactivation of recipient latent infection before operation. The use of CsA could increase the risk of infection by T. gondii after organ transplantation. The use of CsA influenced the detection of anti IgG,IgM sometimes but had no effect in early diagnosis of T.gondii infection through detection of CAg.Conclusion The use of CsA was the main reason leading to infection of toxoplasma gondii after organ transplantion. Detection of specific anti IgG,IgM combined with clinical symptom could be used in early diagnosis.

Objective To observe the influence of inactive FRMD4A gene′s expression on the biological behavior of tongue cancer CAL-27cell. Methods FRMD4A-siRNA was transfered into CAL-27 cell by lipidosome, to the expression of FRMD4A-siRNA in CAL-27 cell after transfection was detect by qRT-PCR cell proliferation , was checked by CCK-8,the influence of inactive FRMD4A gene on cell cycle distribution of CAL-27 cell was assayed by flow cytometry. Results Compared with the control group, FRMD4A mRNA expression significantly reduced in FRMD4A-siRNA interfering group (94%) and the cell proliferation index decreased(P<0.05). The cell cycle arrested in G1 period (P<0.05). Conclusion FRMD4A-siRNA could effectively inhibit FRMD4A mRNA expression in tongue cancer CAL-27cell, impact the distribution of cell cycle, and reduce cell proliferation.

ObjectiveTo investigate mechanisms for IL-27 induced proliferation and differentiation of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).MethodsPeriperal blood CD4+ T cells were isolated from patients with PBC,chonic hepatitis B (CHB) and health controls (HCs).After IL-27 stimulation,proliferation ability of CD4+ T cells was evaluated by CCK-8 kit,and cytokines were analyzed by ELISA.Real-time PCR was employed to assay mRNA expression of T-bet and GATA3 in CD4+ T cells.p-STAT-1 and pSTAT-3 expression in CD4+ T cells were detected by Western blot.ResultsEnhanced proliferation of CD4+ T cells was found in all subjects after IL-27 stimulation.However,the proliferation ability in patients with PBC was greater than that in CHB and HCs ( P＜0.001 ).Levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in supernatant from IL-27-incubated PBC blood CD4+ T cells were higher than that from CHB and HCs (P＜0.001 ).In normal situation,T-bet mRNA of CD4+ T cells in PBC group was higher than that in CHB group (P=0.007).Furthermore,after IL-27 stimulation,elevated T-bet mRNA expression and GATA3 inhibition were found in patients with PBC.High expression of p-STAT-1 and p-STAT-3 in blood CD4+ T cells were found in PBC,CHB and HCs after stimulation by IL-27.But their expression in patients with PBC were higher than those in patients with CHB and HCs.ConclusionProliferation of blood CD4+ T cells could be induced by IL-27 in patients with PBC.The signaling pathways of p-STAT-1,p-STAT-3 were involved to induce Th1 immune response and related cytokines expression.This study implicated that IL-27 may play important roles in early inflammation damage in PBC.

Objective:To explore the spatio-temporal dynamics of brain mechanisms in visual change detection by 256-channel event-related potential (ERP) and low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) analyses.Methods：ERP were recorded in 12 healthy participants during performing an S1-S2 matching task.Visual stimuli defined by color and shape.Each trial consisted of two sequentially presented stimuli (S1 and S2),where S2 was either the same as S1,different from S1 in shape only,different in color only,or different in both color and shape.Subjects matched the stimuli according to task demands：attending to color and attending to shape.Result：Change condition elicited change-related positivity (CRP) ranging 135～165 ms.The estimated source regions contributing to CRP were lingual gyrus and cuneus of occipital lobe.N200 was elicited in no change and task-irrelevant change condition ranging 235～275 ms.The source for N200 was in the right temporal fusiform gyrus,middle temporal gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus.In the time window of 240～320 ms,N270 was elicited in all change conditions.The N270 source was localizable to the anterior cingulated cortex and amygdala.Conclusion：In the early stage,CRP reflects the preattentive processing of visual changes.The LORETA result confirms that CRP is generated in the early visual areas.N200 may be related to the active ignored processing of task-irrelevant change.The source for N200 is in the right temporal fusiform gyrus,middle temporal gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus.In the late stage,N270 reflects the advanced processing of visual change in the human brain.The N270 source may be in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and amygdala.