0.998. The detection limits were in the range of 16-40 ng/L(S/N=3). The quantitative detection limits were in the range of 45-105 ng/L(S/N=10) with recovery percentages ranging from 87.6% to 106% and the relative standard deviations was lower than 3%. Conclusion The method was proved to be satisfactory in precision,accuracy and sensitivity and applicable to the daily test of estrogens in water.

Objective: To explore research the protective effect of ischemia preconditioning to rabbits′myocardium injury of ischemia reperfusion, and discuss its mechanism. Methods: We randomly divide rabbits into 3 groups ( 8 rabbits every group ) , namely non-operation group . ischemia reperfusion group ( IR ) . ischemia preadaptation group ( IP ), and observed the level of enzymatic dynamics of myocardium,SOD,MDA, ET and correlation peptide of calcitonin gene. Results: In terms of the level of enzymatic dynamics of myocardium, SOD,MDA, ET and CGRP, the differences between IR and IP are very obviously (P

Objective To evaluate the effect of HIV infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on mitochondrial function and mass in peripheral monocytes.Methods There were 14 ART-naive HIV-infected patients,14 NRTI treated HIV-infected patients and 12 healthy controls from Beijing Ditan Hospital.The mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial mass in monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry.Mitochondrial disturbances related to HIV infection and HAART in monocytes were analyzed.Results In ART-naive patients and NRTI-exposed patients,the levels of mitochondrial membrane potential in monocytes (77.74 ± 14.77,73.94 ± 12.87) were significantly lower than these in healthy controls (89.43 ±4.06) (P =0.032 8,P =0.002 6).The amount of mitochondrial mass in NRTI-exposed patients (3 329.0 ± 836.7) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (2 075.0 ± 932.2) and that in ART-naive patients (2 592.0 ± 781.5) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The abnormal of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial mass in monocytes from HIV-infected patients were related to HIV infection and the introduction of HAART.

BACKGROUND:The anesthesia process is required strict in establishing rabbit models of ileal neobladder. It is required for cleaning operation field, quick postoperative recovery, and the choice of anesthetics and anesthesia does not influence smooth muscle peristalsis. OBJECTIVE:To compare the anesthetic effects between urethane and chloral hydrate in rabbits with ileal neobladder. METHODS:Eighteen rabbits were randomly assigned to urethane and chloral hydrate groups, and were respectively anesthetized with 20% urethane 5 mL/kg and 10% chloral hydrate 2 mL/kg through the ear vein. Double ureter was dissociated at 1 cm outside original bladder, and 15 cm-intestine obtained from 10 cm of ileocecal junction was implanted so as to establish models of ileal neobladder. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Heart rates were significantly lower compared with these before anesthesia in al cases (P≤ 0.05), but no differences were detected between two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the chloral hydrate group, the maintain time and recovery time were longer and the mortality rate was higher in the urethane group. Above data indicated that chloral hydrate is a safe long-acting anesthetic in establishing rabbit models of ileal neobladder.

Aim To investigate the possible mechanism of ?-opioid receptor inhibiting serum deprivation-induced apoptosis of neonatal cardiac myocytes.Methods Myocardial cells of neonatal rats were cultured in vitro,after 48 h,the medium was changed to serum-free DMEM.The experimental groups were:A:Normal;B: Model;C: Model+DADLE(0.1 ?mol?L-1);D:Model+DADLE(0.1 ?mol?L-1)+naltrindole(10 ?mol?L-1);E:Model+DADLE(0.1 ?mol?L-1)+GF109203X(10 ?mol?L-1);F:Model+DADLE(0.1 ?mol?L-1)+staurosporine(1 ?mol?L-1).The cell viability was determined with MTT colormeteric assay;apoptosis index and the percentage of G0 in cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry;Caspase-3 and PKC signal pathway was investigated by Western blot.Results ?-opioid receptor agonist [D-Ala2,D-Leu5]-enkephalin(DADLE) could significantly inhibit serum deprivationinduced apoptosis of neonatal cardiac myocytes,which increased the survival index of cardiac myocyte,percentage of G2/M in cell cycle and the expression of PKC,decreased the apoptotic index of cardiac myocyte,percentage of G0/G1 in cell cycle and the expression of activate caspase-3.The protective effect of DADLE was obviously blocked by ?-opioid receptor antagonist Naltrindole at 10 ?mol?L-1,the PKC inhibitor GF109203X at 10 ?mol?L-1 and staurosporine at 1 ?mol?L-1,which decreased the survival index of cardiac myocyte,percentage of G2/M in cell cycle and the expression of PKC,increased the apoptotic index of cardiac myocyte,percentage of G0/G1 in cell cycle and the expression of caspase-3.Conclusion These findings suggested that ?-opioid receptor activation might be a potential survival factor against serum deprivation-induced myocardial cell apoptosis and this cardioprotective effect might be via PKC pathway.

0.900.Comparison of the HPLC profiles of the total flavonoids material and the effective parts of the total flavonoids was established and the similarity with the corresponding Citrus Aurantium L.var daidai Tanaka fruits indicated that they were closely related to each other.Conclusion:The HPLC fingerprints of the medicine material and the effective parts of the total flavonoids with high specificity and can be used to control its quality.

Aim Myocardial cells of neonatal rats were cultured in vitro to study aim of morphine on serum hungry-induced apoptosis in cardiac myocytes and its mechanism.Methods Myocardial cells of neonatalrats were cultured in vitro.48 hours later,different agents were added to cardiac myocytes.The cellular survival was determined with MTT colormeteric assay;apoptosis rates were determined by Annexin V-FITC/PI;cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry;Caspase-3 and PKC were investigated by Western blot.Results Free-serum induced apoptosis in cardiac myocytes was shown after 48 hours;morphine(1 ?mol?L-1)could inhibit apoptosis in cardiac myocytes,manifestation,apoptosis rates were decreased,Caspase-3 experssion was decaeased Naloxone at 10 ?mol?L-1 inhibited the promoting effects of morphine;GF109203X at 10 ?mol?L-1 or Staurosporine at 1 ?mol?L-1 could inhibit the promoting effects of morphine,manifestation,apoptosis rates were increased,Caspase-3 experssion was incaeased,PKC expression was decreased.Conclusion morphine inhibited serum hungry-induced apoptosis in cardiac myocytes via PKC signal transduction pathway.

Objective To evaluate the value of two-dimension and color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) in diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis(DVT) for different segments of lower extremity compared with digital subtract angiography(DSA). Methods Fifty-eight patients suspected of DVT enrolled in the study. Every segment venous of affected extremities was observed by CDFI. All patients underwent DSA examination. CDFI findings were compared with the results of DSA. Statistical analysis was according to quadruple tabular form. The indexes include sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, false positive rate and so on. Every segment of lower extremity deep venous was evaluated and analysis. Results Total of 150 vessels of fifty-eight patients were detected with CDFI and DSA. Evaluation findings of statistical analysis with quadruple tabular form as follows= sensitivity of common lilac vein was 82.6%, specificity was 66.7%; sensitivity of external lilac vein was 83.3%, specificity was 80.0%; sensitivity of hypogastria vein was 80.0 %, specificity was 66.7%;sensitivity of popliteal vein was 92.6 %, specificity was 92.2 % ;sensitivity of femoral vein was 96.2%, specificity was 93.8% ; sensitivity of anterior tibial vein was 71.4%, specificity was 75.0%; sensitivity of posterior tibial veins was 72.7%, specificity was 75.0%. Conclusions As the first-choice examination for DVT, ultrasonography has different diagnostic value for different segment of venous. It is more sensitive and accurate for femoral, popliteal and external iliac veins thrombus, but less sensitive for anterior,posterior tibial veins and bypass circuit vessels.

Objective To determine the feasibility of human routine blood tests as a surrogate for CD4+ T cell count through studying the correlation of CD4+ T cell count with total lymphocyte count(TLC),hemoglobin(Hb),blood platelet(PLT),and white cell count(WBC)in HIV/AIDS patients.Methods 1 038 person-time blood tests among 778 HIV/AIDS patients were performed and Spearman correlation analysis was used.Predictive power and the cut-off for potential predictors of CD4+ T cell count were assessed through receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Combination test was used to assess the capability of multipie indexes to serve as surrogate markers for CD4+ T cell counL Results Significant correlations with CD4+ T cell count were observed for TLC,Hb,PLT and WBC.The Spearman correlation coefficients were r=0.64,P=0.000;r=0.36,P=0.000;r=0.24,P=0,000;r=0.09,P=0.000,respectively.No correlation between TLC and CD4+ T cell count was found when,TLC was more than 2 000 × 106/L(r=0.12,P=0.15).The areas under ROC curve of TLC and Hb for predicting CD4+ T cell count were between 0.82 to 0.84,and 0.66 to 0.70,respectively.When CD4+ T cell count were less than 50,200,350 cells/μl respectively,the optional cut-off value was TLC＜1 100 × 106/L,1 200 × 106/L and 1 400 × 106/L.When the study combined TLC＜1 200 × 106/L and Hb＜120 g/L for prediction of CD4+ T cell count＜200/μl,the sensitivity was 45.3% and specificity was 82.8%.Conclusion There is no significant application value for combination of TLC＜1 200×106/L and Hb＜120 g/L as a surrogate for prediction of CD4+ T cell count＜200/μl.

Objective To assess the association between polymorphisms in HIF1α gene and prognosis of advanced hepatocelluar carcinoma.Methods We collected prognosis data from a cohort of 448 advanced HCC patients treated by transarterial chemoembo-lisation,and used 5ml peripheral blood from patients for extraction DNA.Three SNPs (rs2301 1 13、rs2057482 and rs1 957757 )in HIF1αgene were selected and genotyped.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model,Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were used for prognosis analyses.Results The variant-containing genotypes (WV+VV)of SNP rs2301 1 13 exhibited a significant associ-ation with a better overall survival in HCC patients who had tumor size smaller than 5 cm (hazard ratio [HR],0.58,95% confidence interval [CI],0.35-0.96,P =0.036).In the patients taken single tumor subgroup,the variant-containing genotypes (WV+VV) of SNP rs2301 1 13 exhibited a significant association with a better overall survival (log-rank P =0.048),comparing to those carrying wild-type genotype.Conclusion Our results suggest that polymorphisms in HIF1αgene may serve as an independent prognosis bio-marker for advanced HCC patient.