Neurosurgery is a superior difficulty and high risk surgical medicine.It will take a longer period time to finish the clinical residence training in neurosurgery.Standardized residency training is an inevitable way for the transition from medical students to the neurosurgical resident doctors,the central task of?residency training is to improve the clinical skills.In recent yea rs,smartphone-based mobile learning plays an increasingly important role in medical education.As a member of National bases of standardized residency training,we have analyzed the characters of training residency,and employed the Medical related Applications (Med-Apps) as modernized teaching technology to improve the clinical skills in areas of neuroanatomy,operation,management of patient and evaluation of trainees' competency.We help training residency finish the transition from smartphone-player to smartphone-learner,with the potential to improve overall clinical skills of training residency.

Clinical medicine is a practical discipline.Students combine theoretical knowledge with practical operation and develop clinical thinking at stage of clinical practice.From the perspective of education administration,a series of measures were carried out throughout the whole teaching in clinical internship in our university.Students were trained to gain the abilities of combing knowledge with practice,analyzing and solving issues individually and thinking logically and scientifically.Through years of research and practice,remarkable achievements were gained and both clinical skill and comprehensive quality of our students were greatly enhanced.

Medical students face higher levels of stress compared to the general population. Statistical analyses of questionnaire surveys were made to compare the teaching effect between traditional teaching and PBL.The results indicate that the PBL teaching is more conducive to students to relief from the course-related stress in medical colleges.

Objective struclured clinical examination (OSCE) is a kind of examination which could objectively evaluate the students′clinical skills.Nowadays,OSCE are wildly applied in medical educational field throughout the world.Timely discussion and analysis on the problems existed in the implementation process of OSCE is necessary.Measures should be taken to improve the OSCE examination and to meet the requirements of higher clinical practice training level such as increasing clinical skill simulation training hardware investment,optimizing settings and conlents of the examination and the test stations as well as introducing standardized patients (SP) and other measures.

In this study,with the mechanism for teaching supervision in military colleges and universities construction as the starting point,the author makes an in-depth analysis of the problems existing in the current teaching supervision system of military academies,such as the imperfect mechanism,the limitation of the function,the lack of full-time staff,the lag of information technology and so on,and investigates and surveys the status quo of teaching supervision at home and abroad.It also puts forward some countermeasures,such as constructing the comprehensive supervision system,realizing the function transformation,promoting the innovation of the mode,expanding the connotation of the supervision,optimizing the structure of the team,developing the professional training,and strengthening the information construction and so on.

The problem-based learning ( PBL ) model has been widely used in higher medical education in China and foreign countries and has been constantly improved. The case-guided PBL model is gradually used in the clinical practice of burn surgery by the establishment of a database of typical cases. This student-centered method can fully mobilize subjective initiative of students and help them to form correct clinical thinking methods and the ability to analyze and solve problems, so as to improve the quality of clinical teaching of burn surgery.

Objective:To investigate the effect of surfactants on contact angle of pharmaceutical excipients and further study the effect of surfactants at different concentrations on the wettability of excipients and the effect of of surfactants and excipients at different proportions on the wettability of tablets. Methods:Different kinds of excipients were selected for tabletting,and surfactant solutions at different concentrations were prepared. The contact angle of the solutions on the surface of the tablets was measured by a contact angle tester. Results:The contact angle between the surfactants below the critical micelle concentrations and the tablets was the smallest and the wettability was the best. The change of the contact angle on the tablets with hydrophilic materials was less than that with hydropho-bic ones for most of the surfactants at the same concentration. Conclusion:After the addition of surfactants,the contact angle of excip-ient tablets significantly decreases, however, the contact angle will be stable after the amount of surfactants reaches a certain ratio, which shows significant reference value for tablet formula design.

In this study, 155 residents who participated in the standardized residency training in neurology department of Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from 2016 to 2018 were included, all of whom were medical university graduates. The training duration in neurology department was 3 months. Each physician was assigned the first mock exam to each of his tutors and took the one to one mode to carry out clinical practice teaching. First, theoretical teaching, then clinical observation, and finally clinical practice. In addition, a typical case seminar was held every two weeks. After the combined teaching, the average scores of theoretical examination were (96.78 ± 10.14) points, and the average scores of operation examination was also significantly increased (98.36 ± 11.38) points. The percentage of excellent people assessed by Mini-CEX scale was as high as 88%. The teaching approach of tutorial and seminar teaching model not only consolidates medical theory knowledge, improves clinical skills, but also enhances the ability of analyzing and solving problems and contributes to establishment of rigorous clinical thinking, which lays a solid foundation for training excellent neurology clinical specialists.

With the development of cloud computing and artificial intelligence, as well as the popularity of smart phones, information-based and intelligent teaching becomes a new hotspot in the reform of teaching methods. This article made full use of the WeChat public account platform to assist the teaching of Cell Biology; constructed an interactive program including pre-course, in-class and after-class activities by optimizing the content and frequency of the articles, and adjusting the timing of posting the articles; then described how to apply the program to Cell Biology teaching, so as to constantly perfect it in practice. The results of questionnaire survey concluded that students were more willing to read the content of the article posted by the public account when it is presented as "picture + text", the frequency of the articles that meet the students' needs was considered appropriate and the article was popular and well-received if it was posted after class and related to the content of the class. After using Wechat public account in teaching, the teaching effect had been improved and the overall effect was relatively good. In the following courses, on the application of WeChat public account in teaching should be strongly promoted.