Objective To investigate the expressions of p53,p16 protein and the clinical significance in advanced gastric carcinoma. Methods The expressions of p.53 ,p16 were detected by using immunohistochemistry in 24 specimens of normal gastric mucosa and 55 specimens of gastric carcinoma. Results The positive rate of p53 ,p16 in normal gastric mucosa and gastric carcinoma tissues were 0,100% ;67.3% ,30. 9%, respectively (P <0. 05). The positive rate of p53, p16 in non-differentiated、low- differentiated and moderate- differentiated 、high- differentiated gastric carcinoma tissues were 80. 0% ,56.7% and 48. 0% ,56. 0% ,respectively(P <0. 05). Conclusions The abnormal expressions of p53 and p16 play an important role in the course and prognosis of gastric carcinoma. The positive expression of p53 was correlated with the degree of defferentiation of gastric carcinoma. No correlation between the expression of p16 and grade of differentiation was observed.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of colonoscopy for patients with chronic diarrhea.Methods Data of 2449 patients with chronic diarrhea who underwent colonoscopy from January,1999 to December,2008 were reviewed.A total of 2110 patients who underwent colonoscopy screening for health checkup during the same period were used as controls.The rates of clinic-relevant abnormal endoscopic findings and negative finding were compared between two groups.Results Lesions with clinic significance were found in 44.1％ of patients with chronic diarrhea (1080/2449) and in 41.7％ of controls (870/2110,x2 =2.756,P =0.097).Compared with controls,incidence of non-IBD and noninfectious colitis (x2 =58.578,P ＜ 0.001),IBD (x2 =59.609,P ＜ 0.001),malignant tumor (x2 =21.649,P ＜0.001),terminal ileitis (x2 =6.275,P =0.012),infectious colitis (x2 =17.019,P ＜0.001),intestinal tuberculosis (x2 =7.021,P =0.008),melanosis coli (x2 =6.040,P =0.014) and parasitic infection (x2 =4.245,P =0.039) were all significantly higher in patients with chronic diarrhea.However,incidences of adenomatous polyps (x2 =14.124,P ＜ 0.001),non-adenomatous polyps (x2 =33.427,P ＜0.001) and diverticular disease (x2 =9.921,P =0.002) were significantly higher in the control group.There was no significant difference in incidences of the benign tumor (x2 =1.627,P =0.202) and angiodysplasia (x2 =0.231,P =0.631) between the two groups.The overall screening rate of colonic polyps,diverticulosis,and vascular lesions was 37.3％ in chronic diarrhea group.Conclusion Colonic polyps,diverticulitis,benign tumors and angiodysplasia may not be the causes of chronic diarrhea.Etiology of more than 1/3 patients with chronic diarrhea remains unknown after colonoscopy.

This study is to explore the interventional effects of fluvastatin on anti-beta2GPI/beta2GPI-induced activation in THP-1 mononuclear cells. In vitro, human mononuclear cells THP-1 were treated with fluvastatin, LPS and anti-beta2GPI/beta2GPI, then the TF expression on THP-1 cells was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) or TF activity was detected by kit. TNF-alpha mRNA and its protein expression were investigated by RT-PCR and ELISA kit. The expression of phospho-NF-kappaB p65 and inhibitory protein of NF-kappaB (IkappaB-alpha) were measured by Western blotting. The results suggested that the expression of TF and TNF-alpha on THP-1 cells was significantly up-regulated with treatment of anti-beta2GPI/beta2GPI complex (100 mg x L(-1)), compared with that of untreated cells (P < 0.05). Fluvastatin (50 mg x L(-1)) could decrease TF (mRNA and activity) expression and the level of TNF-alpha (mRNA and protein) in THP-1 cells with anti-beta2GPI/beta2GPI complex. The expression of TF and TNF-alpha was shown in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, anti-beta2GPI/beta2GPI complex could downregulate IkappaB-alpha levels and increase the levels of phospho-NF-kappaB p65. And these effects of anti-beta2GPI/beta2GPI complex could be blocked by fluvastatin. In conclusion, fluvastatin may interfere the expression and regulation of NF-kappaB signal transduction pathway, thereby inhibit the effects of anti-beta2GPI/beta2GPI on activation of THP-1 cells, by decreasing the expression of TF and TNF-alpha.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of different flaps for repairing the soft tissue defects of heels.Methods A total of 26 patients with soft tissue defects around the heel treated modified propeller perforator flap,medialis pedis flap,or anterolateral thigh flap from March 2012 to June 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.There included 19 males and 7 females,aged 4-64 years (mean,38.1 years).There were 9 patients with posterior heel defect,3 with weight-bearing defect,6 with posterior medial defect and 8 with posterolateral defect.The wound areas were from 6.0 cm × 4.0 cm to 12.0 cm × 9.5 cm,while the flap areas were from 7.0 cm × 5.0 cm to 13.5 cm × 10.5 cm.According to the principle of flap selection,the pedicled skin flap instead of free skin flap was selected in order to minimize damage to the donor site area.Modified propeller perforator flap was applied in 13 patients,medialis pedis flap in 3 patients and anterolateral thigh flap in 14 patients.The flap donor site was directly sutured in 23 patients and a simultaneous skin graft was applied in 3 patients.The survival rate,appearance,texture and feeling recovery of flaps,complications,walking ability,and the status of donor sites were compared.Besides,postoperative functions of all cases were estimated according to foot scoring scale of American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS).Results All flaps survived well in 26 patients.The wounds of flaps and flap donor sites were healed at Ⅰ stage.A total of 24 patients were followed up for 12-36 months (average 16 months).The appearance,color and texture of the flaps were good.There was no ulcer in flaps or flap donor sites.The protective feeling of flaps was recovered and the feeling of distinguishing two points was 6-13 mm.Modified propeller perforator flap donor site was directly sutured,the wound of which showed a linear healing.There was no fat deformity or obvious scar formation around ankle.The skin graft of the medialis pedis flap donor site was healed well,without scar hyperplasia,rupture,or deformity of arch.The anterolateral thigh flap was healed linearly without scar,and the anterolateral skin felt slightly depressed.The muscle strength of the four biceps femoris muscle was 4.According to AOFAS score,the feet's functions were evaluated as excellent in 5,good in 16,fair in 4,and poor in 1,with excellence rate of 81％.Conclusions For different soft tissue defects of the heels,propeller perforators flap,medial plantar flap or anterolateral thigh flap can not only attain appearance reconstruction of the defects and good functional recovery,but also minimize the injury of flap donor site.

Objective To research the distribution and the characteristics of the plasmid mediated quinolone resistant genes in Shewanella algae. Methods The qnr, qepA, aac(6')-Ib-cr genes were amplified by PCR, then the positive PCR products were sequenced to determine the gene type. The transferability of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance was ensured by conjugation experiment. MICs were measured by E-test. qnrA gene was mapped to plasmids to locate it. Results The qnrA gene were detected in the Shewanella algae, this is a newfound subgroup qnrA7, the GenBank accession no. was GQ463707, qnrB, qnrS,qnrC, qnrD, qepA and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes were not detected. qnrA7 reside in a plasmid about 33 kb, conjugation experiment was unsuccessful. The strain was susceptible to quinolones. Conclusion It deserves paying close attention to the report of an original qnrA subgroup in an isolate of water-borne species of Shewanella algae.

Objective To explore the correlation between the genetic dissimilarity and heterozygosity of mates and the patho?genicity of Schistosoma japonicum in the definitive host. Methods By using seven microsatellite loci markers,S. japonicum genotyping of sixteen pairs randomly mated was performed,the genetic dissimilarity and heterozygosity were calculated between the mates,and the correlation between the genetic dissimilarity and heterozygosity of the mates and the pathogenicity of S. japon?icum in the definitive host was evaluated. Results There was a significant correlation between the genetic similarity of S. ja?ponicum mates and the mean number of eggs per worm pair in the liver and intestinal tissue (r = 0.501 6 ,P < 0.05;r =0.796 5,P<0.01,respectively)and the hatching rate of deposited eggs in the liver(r=0.508 3,P<0.05),respectively. There was no correlation between the genetic similarity of the mates and hepatosplenomegaly per worm pair(r=0.109 5,P>0.05;r=0.265 3,P>0.05,respectively)and the average diameter of granuloma in the liver(r=-0.272 7,P>0.05),respec?tively. There was no correlation between the heterozygosity of the mates and all the pathological parameters of S. japonicum in the definitive host(P > 0.05). Conclusions There is the correlation between the genetic dissimilarity of the mates and the pathogenicity of S. japonicum in the definitive host,and the genetic dissimilarity is greater,pathogenicity is weaker. There is no correlation between heterozygosity of the mates and the pathogenicity of S. japonicum in the definitive host.

Objective:To study the in vitro effect of adipose stromal stem cells(ASC) on phenotype and secretion of cytokines of allogenetic T lymphocytes,and to elucidate the possible roles of ASC for immunomodulation.Methods:ASC was isolated and cultured.The supernatant of ASC and ASC itself were co-cultured with allogenetic T lymphocytes.MTT assays were used to detect the proliferative rates of T cells.Annexin-Ⅴ/PI staining was used to detect apoptotic rates,and flow cytometry to detect the proportion of CD4+CD25+ cells.ELISA was used to detect the secretion of IL-10 and TGF-?1.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressing level of Foxp3 gene.Results:The supernatant of ASC had no deep impact on the proliferation and apoptosis of T lymphocytes.ASC had the direct inhibitory effect on growth of T lymphocytes,while the stem cells did not affect apoptosis.Both the supernatant of ASC and ASC itself increased the proportion of CD4+CD25+ cells in T lymphocytes,and increasd the level of IL-10 and TGF-?1.They could also up-regulate expressing level of Foxp3 in T cells.Conclusion:ASC can affect the function of T lymphocytes via cell-to-cell contact and secretion of cytokines.By these ways ASC exhibits negative immunomodulation and plays an important role in inducing immune tolerance.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of spontaneous activities throughout the whole brain with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ).Methods The subjects included 23 AD patients and 21 normal controls (NC),who underwent a neuropsychological test battery including MMSE and Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and restingstate fMRI using GE Signa 3.0 T MR scanner.The neuropsychological scores were compared between two groups.Regional homogeneity (ReHo) method was used to explore the different regional spontaneous activities throughout the brain between normal controls and patients with AD.Results In AD group,clinical variables (MMSE scores:20 ±4,AVLT-Immediate Recall:2.6 ± 1.6,AVLT-Delay Recall:0.4 ±0.7,AVLT-Recognition:5.8 ± 3.7 ) were lower than NC group( 29 ± 1,5.9 ± 1.2,5.5 ± 2.0,9.2 ± 1.1,T =10.58,7.21,10.99,3.96,all P ＜ 0.01 ).With the threshold of P ＜ 0.01 for each voxel and a cluster size of at least 100 voxels,decreased ReHo indexes were found in default mode network (DMN) including the medial prefrontal cortex,posterior cingulate gyrus/precuneus,right superior temporal gyrus and bilateral superior parietal lobule/inferior parietal lobule in AD,while increased ReHo indexes were found in left putamen and thalamus compared with controls.ConclusionThe DMN are damaged in AD and spontaneous activities of putamen and thalamus are reinforced as compensation response of subcortical structures.

Objective To study the functional connectivity (FC) pattern of thalamus in patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods In the present study,resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained from 30 patients with AD and 26 subjects with normal cognition (NC).The altered functional connectivity pattern in AD was evaluated by comparing to NC.Then a correlation analysis was performed between the strength of FC of the identified regions and various clinical variables for evaluating the relationships between the strength of FC and the cognitive abilities (MMSE,immediate recall and delayed recall of Auditory Verbal Learning Test) of the AD patients.Results The MMSE(19.7 ± 4.1),immediate recall (2.8 ± 1.7) and delayed recall (0.7 ± 1.3) of Auditory Verbal Learning Test in AD patients were lower than NC group (28.8 ± 1.0,5.9 ± 1.2,5.7 ± 2.2 ; t =11.09,8.09,10.51,all P ＜0.05).Compared to NC,AD patients showed decreased FC between the left thalamus and several regions of brain including right posterior/middle cingulate cortex (PCC/MCC.R),left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC.L) and right superior frontal gyms/medial prefrontal cortex (SFG/MPFC.R).For the right thalamus,decreased FC was found in SFG/MPFC.R,PCC/MCC.R and right hippocampus.We also found increased FC between the bilateral thalamus and many regions of brain including inferior temporal gyrus,medial temporal gyrus,SFG,postcentral gyrus,paracentral lobule,inferior frontal gyms and insula.Significant correlations between the fitted FC strength and clinical variables were also detected.Conclusions FC pattern of thalamus in AD group is impaired.Increased FC in AD may indicate the presence of a compensatory mechanism.The alteration is related with cognitive function in AD.

Objective:To investigate the role of Akt signaling pathway in the regulation of breast cancer bone metastasis induced pain behavior in rat.Methods:Model rats were randomly divided into three groups:Model group,Model+GSK690693 group and Model+ Saline group.On PID 13,14 and 21,Model+GSK690693 group rats were intrathecally injected with GSK690693,a specific inhibitor of Akt.Model+Saline group were injected with saline instead.The pain related behaviors were respectively recorded on PID 0,7,14 and 21.The expression ofp-Akt in DRG used for western bloting were examed on PID 21.Results:After the injection of Akt specific inhibitor GSK690693 by intrathecal,In the Model+GSK690693 group,the threshold value of mechanical contraction reflex was increased,the spontaneous pain behavior and the expression of p-Akt in DRG decreased.On PID 14 d and 21 d,the pain behavior of rats in Model+GSK690693 group was significantly different from that of Model+Saline group and Model group (P＜0.01);On PID 21 d,There was significant statistical significance (P＜0.01) on the expression of p-Akt and Model in the ipsilateral Model+GSK690693 of DRG group,which was statistically significant (P＜0.05) compared with the Model+Saline group.Conclusion:Intrathecal injection of Akt specific inhibitor GSK690693 inhibits rat pain related behaviors induced by bone metastasis in rat breast cancer.