A mathematical model was established according to fuzzy clustering analysis and weighted synthetic order of arrangement for the comprehensive appraisal of processed toxic Chinese herbal medicine. Six criteria of seven differently processed Radix phytolacca were analysed to illustrate the efficacy of this model.

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Rickettsia Infections ; epidemiology ; veterinary ; Rodentia ; Ticks

Objective To understand the current status of blood pressure and to analyze its influence factors in rural residents in Tianjin.Methods Total 2 390 754 rural residents aged over 15 yrs were detected on their blood pressure by the trained professional staffs with standard method,then calculated the mean of blood pressure and hypertension prevalent rate,compared with results of Village I of National Nutrition and Health Situation Investigation in 2002.After population standardized,a multivariate analysis was done on hypertension in subjects.Results The average SBP was(125.91?18.99)mm Hg,average DBP was(80.44?10.77)mm Hg;hypertension prevalent rate was 31.57%(33.08% for male and 30.18% for female).The general hypertension prevalence was higher than that of the national level;after standardized with China population in 2000,the prevalent rate of hypertension in the group aged over 18 yrs was nearly 50% higher than that in national level.The multivariate analysis showed that the affected factors for hypertension of rural residents included age,gender,region,education level,smoking,alcohol drinking and obesity.Conclusions Hypertension had become a popular and serious public health problem.To prevent and control hypertension should be one of the key issues of chronic diseases prevention in rural area.

ObjectiveTo analyze the therapeutic experience and value of hemoperfusion in children with acute tetramine poisoning.MethodsAccording to the choice of children's legal guardian,67 cases with acute tetramine poisoning were divided into two groups:the perfusion group (48 cases),and the control group (19 cases).The patients in perfusion group received blood perfusion based on conventional treatment,while the patients in control group received conventional treatment only.Survival outcomes of patients with different serum tetramine concentrations in two groups were compared.ResultsWhen the serum concentration of tetramine was ＞0.5 mg/dl,patients in both groups died in a short time.When the serum concentration of tetramine was 0.20～0.49 mg/dl,the drop value of serum concentration of tetramine significantly greater in perfusion group [(0.28±0.02) mg/dl] than that in control group [(0.13±0.03) mg/dl] (P＜0.05).When the serum concentration of tetramine was ＜0.2 mg/dl,the drop value of serum concentration of tetramine in two groups showed no significant difference [ (0.12±0.02) mg/dl vs (0.11±0.03) mg/dl] (P＞0.05).Conclusion The treatment method for tetramine poisoning should be selected based on the serum concentration of tetramine.

This study was aimed to carry out pharmacological research on the hemostatic activity and mechanism of Yi medicine Ma-Bu (Paris polyphylla Smith var stenophylla Franch.). One kind of C27 steroidal saponin from P. polyphylla Smith var stenophylla Franch. was isolated and identified as Paris saponin H (PSH). The effect of PSH on the index of bleeding time (BT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB) of mice were measured. The results showed that PSH have significant hemostatic activity by shortening BT. The effect of PSH on shortening PT and APTT of mouse was not significant. However, the FIB was enhanced significantly after treatment with PSH. It was concluded that PSH had no significant promoting effect on the extrinsic coagulation pathway (ECP) or the intrinsic coagulation pathway (ICP). The enhancement of FIB may be a pathway for the effect of hemostatic activity by PSH.

To study the effect of urokinase on platelet activation and aggregation in the patients with glomerulonephritis. Platelet counts(PC),mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were determined with automatic blood cell analytic apparatus, the expressive levels of platelet granular membrane protein (GMP 140) and fibrinogen receptor(GPⅡb Ⅲa) on the surfaces of platelets were assayed with flow cytometry, and the levels of fibinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDP) in blood were measured with ELISA in 102 children with glomerulonephritis. The results showed that urokinase led to PC decreas,MPV increase and PDW exceeding normal value in 102 children with glomerulonephritis, including micro change (MC),glomerulosclerosis (GS),membranous nephropathy (MN), and proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN).The expressive levels of GMP 140 after the treatment with urokinase were significantly higher than that before the treatment and controls( P 0 01). The results suggested that urokinase used in the patients with glomerulonephritis increased platelet activation function and decreased platelet aggregation function.

In order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of severe hemolytic uremic syndrome (SHUS),we summarized the rescuing experiences in 3 children with SHUS.Therefore,close observation of gastro intestinal symptoms,collaborated with repeated examinations of the blood,renal function,urinary output,blood pressure,and manifestations of the central nervous system could help predict to certain extent the occurrence of further hemolysis and renal failure in these patients.Energetic treatment of malignant hypertension and relieving the symptoms of center nervous system could successfully improve renal functions.If urinary output decreased quickly,creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increased,or severe infection occurred in SHUS patients,hemodialysis should be undertaken as early as possible to prevent caute renal failure and multiple organ failure syndrome (MOFS).Therefore,the treatment of SHUS in children has its peculiarity and complexity.

OBJECTIVE: To establish headspace capillary gas chromatography for the content determination of 3 kinds of residual organic solvent (furanidine,methanol and ethanol) in betamethasone sodium phosphate raw material.METHODS: The sample was dissolved in water and n-propanol was used as internal standard.The residual solvent in betamethasone sodium phosphate was separated on HP-INNOWAX (PEG) capillary column with column temperature set at 60 ℃.The injector temperature and FID detector temperature were controlled at 180 ℃ and 250 ℃,respectively.The carried gas was nitrogen at flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1.The splitting-ratio was 10 ∶ 1.The containers of head-space injector were in equilibrium at 80 ℃ for 30 min.Injection time was 1 min.RESULTS: With this chromatographic condition,those solvents could be separated completely.The linear range were 0.014 4～0.071 8 mg?mL-1 for furanidine,0.060～0.300 mg?mL-1 for methanol and 0.099 3～0.497 mg?mL-1 for ethanol.The average recovery were 103.7% (RSD=0.53%,n=6),95.8% (RSD=0.30%,n=6) and 95.0% (RSD=0.48%,n=6) respectively.The minimum quantitation limit were 0.057 3 ?g?mL-1,0.486 ?g?mL-1,0.145 ?g?mL-1,respectively.3 kinds of residual organic solvents were all in line with the standard stated in Chinese Pharmacopeia.CONCLUSION: The established method is simple,sensitive and accurate for the content determination of residual solvents in betamethasone sodium phosphate raw material.

Objective: To study the protective effect of ginkgolide on rat's renal failure induced by adenine.Methods: The chronic renal functional failure model of rat was established with adenine. Its urea nitrogen (BUN), reatinine (Crea), Cholesterin (CH), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALP) in blood were determined. The pathologic changes were also observed. Results: Ginkgolide has effects on renal failure caused by adenine. Low and high dose groups decrease BUN. Crea, low dose group decrese CH, high dose group increase numbers of kindney glomerulus.Conclusion: Ginkgolide has protective effect on rat's renal failure induced by adenine.

Molecular target-based cancer therapy is playing a more and more important role in cancer therapy because of its high specificity, good tolerance and so on. There are different kinds of molecular targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibodies and small molecular kinase inhibitors, and more than 50 drugs have been approved since 1997. When the first monoclonal antibody, rituximab, was on the market. The development of molecular target-based cancer therapeutics has become the main approach. Based on this, we summarized the drugs approved by FDA and introduced their mechanism of actions and clinical applications. In order to incorporate most molecular targeted drugs and describe clearly various characteristics, we divided them into four categories: drugs related to EGFR, drugs related to antiangiogenesis, drugs related to specific antigen and other targeted drugs. The purpose of this review is to provide a current status of this field and discover the main problems in the molecular targeted therapy.