Objective To investigate the lonely behavior characteristics and related factors of chronic obstruetive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients.Methods 99 eases with stable patients with COPD and 90 healthy subjects were surveyed by SDS,ESLI.Relevant factors were analyzed.Results Patients with COPD showed difierent degrees of emotional isolation[(9.90±3.97),(6.15±5.22),F=82.539,P＜0.01)]and social intercourse isolation[(8.00±3.53),(4.31±2.46),F=73.540,P＜0.01)].Emotional isolation was mainly.Moderate emotional isolation and general social intercourse isolation were predominant,and emotional(r=0.399,t=3.476,P＜0.01)and social intercourse isolation(r=0.372,t=3.154,P＜0.01)were related to depression.Conclusion Patients with COPD presented obvious emotion and social intercourse isolation behavior.

Objective To evaluate the technique and outcome of arthroscopic reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)with preservation of the remnants.Methods From January 2006 to January 2009.16 knees in 16 patients with PCL tear were verified with arthroscopy.All the damaged PCL were reconstructed with single bundle of autogenous quadrupled hamstring tendons under arthroscopy without remove of the remnants of PCL.Endo-button and Bio-absorbabh interference screw were used for direct anatomic fixation of the reconstructed ligament.Results No severe complication occurred in early stage after operation in the 16 patients.All of them were followed up from 4 to 14 months with an average of (7.4±2.1)months.Lysholm score was remarkable improved from mean(61.3±8.7)preoperative scores to mean(91.7±6.3)scores at the latest follow up(P＜0.05).Furthermore,there was a significant improvement in IKDC scofe from abnormal (grade C)in 9 knees and severely abnormal (grade D)in 7 knees preoperatively to normal(grade A)in 11 knees,nearly normal(grade B)in 5 knees at the follow up.All of the 16 patients returned to the same sports level before injury.Conclusion Arthroscopic reconstruction of PCL with preservadon of the remnants has advantages of minimal inmmrticular interference,and potential facility to revagculization and reinnervation of the reconstlucted ligament.

Objective To study the functional connectivity (FC) pattern of thalamus in patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods In the present study,resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained from 30 patients with AD and 26 subjects with normal cognition (NC).The altered functional connectivity pattern in AD was evaluated by comparing to NC.Then a correlation analysis was performed between the strength of FC of the identified regions and various clinical variables for evaluating the relationships between the strength of FC and the cognitive abilities (MMSE,immediate recall and delayed recall of Auditory Verbal Learning Test) of the AD patients.Results The MMSE(19.7 ± 4.1),immediate recall (2.8 ± 1.7) and delayed recall (0.7 ± 1.3) of Auditory Verbal Learning Test in AD patients were lower than NC group (28.8 ± 1.0,5.9 ± 1.2,5.7 ± 2.2 ; t =11.09,8.09,10.51,all P ＜0.05).Compared to NC,AD patients showed decreased FC between the left thalamus and several regions of brain including right posterior/middle cingulate cortex (PCC/MCC.R),left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC.L) and right superior frontal gyms/medial prefrontal cortex (SFG/MPFC.R).For the right thalamus,decreased FC was found in SFG/MPFC.R,PCC/MCC.R and right hippocampus.We also found increased FC between the bilateral thalamus and many regions of brain including inferior temporal gyrus,medial temporal gyrus,SFG,postcentral gyrus,paracentral lobule,inferior frontal gyms and insula.Significant correlations between the fitted FC strength and clinical variables were also detected.Conclusions FC pattern of thalamus in AD group is impaired.Increased FC in AD may indicate the presence of a compensatory mechanism.The alteration is related with cognitive function in AD.

Objective: To identify Tongren Wujibaifeng Pills and Xiaoshuanzaizao Pills respectively by analysis of IR fingerprint. Methods: Both drugs were extracted with hexane, ether and butanone and then the extracts obtained were measured with FT IR spectrometer. Results: By analizing IR fingerprint of 25 batches Tongren Wujibaifeng Pills and 31 batches Xiaoshuanzaizao Pills, we found that different batches of the same drug have stable and repeatable fingerprint. Conclusion: By using IR fingerprint, either Tongren Wujibaifeng Pills and Xiaoshuanzaizao Pills can be identified. It provides a rapid method for drug identification and quality control.

AIM: To identify the Chinese medicinal granule by measuring IR fingerprints. METHODS: 13 kinds of granules were extracted with butanone respectively and then the obtained extracts were measured with the FT IR spectrometer. RESULTS: By IR fingerprint of 13 kinds of granules drugs, different batches of the same crude drug had a stable and repeatable fingerprint. CONCLUSION: By using IR fingerprint, Chinese medicinal granule can be identified and provides a rapid method for drug identification and quality control.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of gamma-ray fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) in the treatment of intracranial metastatic polycystic tumors.Methods Forty cases with 61 metastatic polycystic tumors were selected from 189 patients with 373 intracranial metastatic tumors admitted to our hospital from 2013 to 2015.All cases received gamma-ray FSRT.The isodose line at 50％ was defined as the prescription dose.The prescription dose was ranged from 40 to 48 Gy/10-12f.The survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method.The single factor analysis was performed by Log-rank method.Results The median follow-up time was 21months (range:6-39 months).The median survival time was 15.3 months.The 6-month,1-and 2-year local control rate was 93％,82％ and 79％,respectively.The 1-and 2-year survival rate was 63％ and 30％.Single factor analysis demonstrated that the volume of cysts and the volume of lesions were not significantly correlated with local control rate (P=0.17 and 0.48).Conclusion Gamma-ray FSRT can be adopted to treat intracranial metastatic polycystic tumors,which yields similar clinical efficacy to metastatic solid tumors.It deserves wide application in clinical practice due to high local control rate and safety.

Objective:To explore a classification method for critically ill emergency patients undergoing intra-hospital transport based on cluster analysis, and analyze the changes in vital signs between different categories, so as to provide references for targeted nursing interventions.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 416 critically ill patients who were transferred from emergency department to ICU in 2 hospital areas of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to December 2021 were selected as the research objects. General data and vital signs before and after transport were collected. Five vital signs, including body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure and peripheral capillary blood oxygen saturation measured at the last time before transport, were taken as cluster variables. Patients were classified based on second-order cluster analysis and compared among different categories.Results:The 416 patients included in this study could be divided into 3 categories, such as stable group, low oxygen saturation group and high heart rate group, and the clustering contour coefficient was 0.30. The systolic blood pressure before and after transport of the three groups were compared, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in respiratory frequency between the low oxygen saturation group and the high heart rate group (both P<0.05) . Conclusions:It was of great significance to monitor the vital signs of the critically ill patients transferred in the hospital, and the classified management of patients can better guide the clinical practice of transportation.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the value of the myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV) in predicting myocardial functional outcome after revascularization of coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with CTO underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) before and 6 months after revascularization. Three baseline markers of functional outcome were evaluated in the dysfunctional segments assigned to the CTO vessels: ECV, transmural extent of infarction (TEI), and unenhanced rim thickness (RIM). At the global level, the ECV values of the whole myocardium with and without a hyperenhanced region (global and remote ECV) were respectively measured. RESULTS: In per-segment analysis, ECV was superior to TEI and RIM in predicting functional recovery (area under receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]: 0.86 vs. 0.75 and 0.73, all p values < 0.010), and it emerged as the only independent predictor of regional functional outcome (odds ratio [OR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77–0.89; p < 0.001) independent of collateral circulation. In per-patient analysis, global baseline ECV was indicative of ejection fraction (EF) at the follow-up examination (β = −0.61, p < 0.001) and changes in EF (β = −0.57, p = 0.001) in multivariate regression analysis. A patient with global baseline ECV less than 30.0% (AUC, 0.93; sensitivity 94%, specificity 80%) was more likely to demonstrate significant EF improvement (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17–0.85; p = 0.019). CONCLUSION: Extracellular volume fraction obtained by CMR may provide incremental value for the prediction of functional recovery both at the segmental and global levels in CTO patients, and may facilitate the identification of patients who can benefit from revascularization.
Collateral Circulation ; Coronary Vessels* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardium ; Prospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Ninety percent of clinical drug development fails despite implementation of many successful strategies, which raised the question whether certain aspects in target validation and drug optimization are overlooked? Current drug optimization overly emphasizes potency/specificity using structure‒activity-relationship (SAR) but overlooks tissue exposure/selectivity in disease/normal tissues using structure‒tissue exposure/selectivity-relationship (STR), which may mislead the drug candidate selection and impact the balance of clinical dose/efficacy/toxicity. We propose structure‒tissue exposure/selectivity-activity relationship (STAR) to improve drug optimization, which classifies drug candidates based on drug's potency/selectivity, tissue exposure/selectivity, and required dose for balancing clinical efficacy/toxicity. Class I drugs have high specificity/potency and high tissue exposure/selectivity, which needs low dose to achieve superior clinical efficacy/safety with high success rate. Class II drugs have high specificity/potency and low tissue exposure/selectivity, which requires high dose to achieve clinical efficacy with high toxicity and needs to be cautiously evaluated. Class III drugs have relatively low (adequate) specificity/potency but high tissue exposure/selectivity, which requires low dose to achieve clinical efficacy with manageable toxicity but are often overlooked. Class IV drugs have low specificity/potency and low tissue exposure/selectivity, which achieves inadequate efficacy/safety, and should be terminated early. STAR may improve drug optimization and clinical studies for the success of clinical drug development.

Objective·To reveal the direction,efficiency,and mechanical load of single tooth displacement with clear aligners for expansion treatment during the transitional dentition period with the aid of finite element analysis.Additionally,overcorrection and torque compensation systems were designed to address insufficient expansion efficiency and buccal inclination of posterior teeth.Methods·One volunteer in mixed dentition period was included to construct a three dimentional cranio-maxillary complex model and an invisible orthodontic system,simulating the buccal displacement(load 1?4:0.200,0.275,0.300,0.325 mm,respectively)and root buccal torque(load 1:buccal displacement load 0.200 mm,root buccal torque 0°;load 5:buccal displacement load 0.275 mm,root buccal torque 1.0°;load 6:buccal displacement load 0.300 mm,root buccal torque 1.3° and load 7:buccal displacement load 0.325mm,root buccal torque 1.8°)on the maxillary deciduous teeth to the first permanent molar with a non bracket invisible orthodontic appliance.Through finite element analysis,the tooth displacement and equivalent stress distribution of the periodontal membrane can be calculated.Results·Expansion treatment with clear aligners in the transitional dentition phase primarily revealed the effect of buccal expansion of teeth;different teeth achieved different levels of expansion rate.At a set expansion amount of 0.200 mm per side,expansion efficiency in the maxillary first permanent molar was 51.86%,second primary molar 68.76%,first primary molar 73.48%,and primary cuspid 84.17%.By designing over-correction(0.275,0.300,0.325 mm),the results showed significant enhancement in expansion effect.When overcorrection length reached 150%(0.300 mm),expansion efficiency at the maxillary first permanent molar,second primary molar,first primary molar,and primary cuspid were 75.16%,99.96%,107.35%,and 122.37%,respectively.The expansion efficiency of maxillary second primary molar,first primary molar,and primary cuspid was close to 100.00%.The overcorrection design exacerbated the dental effects of expansion,intensifying the tendency for teeth to tilt toward the cheek side,leading to side effects such as buccal inclination and drooping of the palatal cusps.When the overcorrection amount for expansion reached 150%,the crown-root displacement in the upper first permanent molar,second primary molar,first primary molar,and primary cuspid were-0.109,-0.134,-0.132,and-0.298 mm,respectively.Applying specific torque compensation for different tooth positions can combat the buccal inclination of posterior teeth.At an overcorrection length of 150%(0.300 mm)with an added 1.3° root buccal torque,expansion efficiency was 56.15%,73.88%,79.49%,and 87.80%,respectively.While the crown-root displacement differences reduced to-0.081,-0.097,-0.095,and-0.208 mm.Conclusion·When using clear aligners for expansion treatment during a transitional dentition period,side effects such as buccal inclination of posterior teeth exist.Furthermore,various teeth realize differing levels of expansion efficiency,necessitating the design of unique adjustment strategies according to different tooth positions.Overcorrection can improve expansion efficiency but needs to be coordinated with root buccal torque for the whole tooth to move buccally.