OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Erdong granules on glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.METHODS:Type 2 diabetes mellitus model was induced by giving high-fat and high-calorie diet with intraperitoneal administration of streptozotcin for eight weeks.Model rats were divided into normal group,model group,streptozotcin group and erdong granules high-dose,middle-dose and low-dose groups.The levels of FBG,LDL-C,FFA,SOD and MDA were detected and immunohistochemistry method was used to determine the morphology change of islet cell.RESULTS:The serum levels of FBS,MDA,FFA and LDL-C in Erdong granules high-dose and low-dose group were significantly decreased while the activity of SOD was increased.Erdong granules could protect islet cell.CONCLUSION:Erdong granules can notably improve glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism,antioxidant enzyme activity and inhibit oxidative stress so as to protect islet cells of type 2 diabetic mellitus rats.

OBJECTIVE:To study the percutaneous permeability of methoxypsoralen liposomal gel METHODS:The preparations were applied on the rat skin in vitro and in vivo with common gel and Mingbailing tincture as control,and the drug concentrations in the receiver,skin,blood and other organs were determined by RP-HPLC RESULTS:In vitro experiment,liposomal gel showed the lowest percutaneous permeation rate and the highest retention in skin In vivo studies illuminated that the skin depositions of drug encapsulated in liposome was(4 37?0 91) and (3 36?0 58) times those of the common gel and tincture respectively CONCLUSION:Methoxypsoralen liposomal gel showed an evident targeting effect on skin

Objective To evaluate the vulnerability of carotid arteriosclerosis plaque by ultrasound real-time tissue elastography in patients with SSS-TOAST1 style cerebral infarction, and discussing the value of the technique in assessment of the clinical course after cerebral infarction. Methods There were 113 patients of SSS-TOAST1 style cerebral infarction who had carotid arteriosclerosis plaque and 48 patients of contrast group who had carotid arteriosclerosis plaque selected by ultrasound in Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences. The results between two groups were compared. The cerebral infarction group was divided into two sub-groups according to the clinical course of patients after cerebral infarction, and the difference between them was compared. Results The size had no significant difference between cerebral infarction group and contrast group as well as between aggravated group and non-aggravated group (t=15.61, 10.77, 4.52, P<0.05). The real-time tissue elastography of carotid arteriosclerosis plaques were red-green in most patients of cerebral infarction group. The real-time tissue elastography of carotid arteriosclerosis plaques were green-blue in most patients of in control group. The value of elasticity of plaque, vessel wall and stiffness of carotid arteriosclerosis plaque between cerebral infarction group and control group had significant differences (t=15.61, 10.77, 4.52, P<0.05). The value of real-time tissue elastography between aggravated group and non-aggravated group had significant difference (t=6.39, 2.30, 3.80, P<0.05). Conclusion Real-time tissue elastography could evaluate the stiffness of carotid arteriosclerosis plaque, which was related with the vulnerability of carotid arteriosclerosis plaque. The values of elasticity of plaque, vessel wall and stiffness of carotid arteriosclerosis plaque in patients with SSS-TOAST1 style cerebral infarction were lower, and the vulnerability of carotid arteriosclerosis plaque was higher. Real-time tissue elastography had some worth in evaluating the clinical course of patients after cerebral infarction.

Objective To explore the role and significance of standardized scheme for diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE).Methods The clinical data of 163 consecutive PTE patients who were treated in our hospital from Jan.1972 to Dec.2006 were retrospectively reviewed.The patients were divided into group A and group B based on the time of application of standardized treatment and diagnosis for PTE.The clinical data of the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results The main risk factors included deep vein thrombus,operation,injury,fracture and tumors,etc.Dyspnea was the most important clinical symptoms.The incidences of dyspnea in group A and B were 92.5% and 84.6%,respectively.The diagnostic case and the ratio of final diagnosis in group B was increased compared to those in group A on an annual basis.The median time for diagnosis was shortened(P

Cognitive dysfunction is one of the complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),often affecting the patient's daily life ability and reducing the quality of life.COPD associated cognitive dysfunction includes five areas of primary cognitive domain of awareness,attention,learning and memory ability,execution ability and language skills.The decreased cognitive dysfunction may be correlated with the age,education background,smoking,malnutrition,as well as hypoxemia,hypercapnemia,COPD duration and length of hospitalization stay,inflammatory and other factors.Early screening and assessment of COPD cognitive dysfunction,long-term oxygen therapy and other measures for interfering risk factors and improving the quality of life of patients have a positive significance.

Objectives To explore the clinical application of deceleration capacity of rate (DC), acceleration capacity of rate (AC) and heart rate variability (HRV) in children with precardial distress of unknown origin. Methods A total of 56 children with precardial distress of unknown origin and 63 healthy children aged 6 to 17 years were examined by 24 h dynamic elec-trocardiogram, and the indexes of DC and HRV were compared between these two groups. Results DC value of children with precardial distress is less than that of the control group (P<0.05), AC value is greater than that of the control group (P<0.05), and heat rate (HR) is greater than that of the control group (P<0.05). No statistical differences were observed in the indexes of HRV between the two groups. The indexes of DC show a signiifcant positive correlation with HRV in children with precardial distress(r=0.27~0.40, P<0.05), while appear a negative relation with HR (r=-0.46, P=0.000). In contrast, the indexes of AC show a signiifcant negative correlation with HRV (r=-0.57~-0.34, P<0.05), and appears a positive relation with HR(r=0.61, P=0.000). HR value is higher in male children less than 12 years old with precardial distress than that of age-matched males in control group, and RMSSD is lower than the latter. DC value of male children more than 12 years with precardial distress is lower than that of age-matched males in control group, while AC value is higher than that of the latter;DC value is signiifcant lower in fe-male children more than 12 yeares with precardial distress than that of age-matched females in the control group (P<0.05). Con-clusions The activity of vagus nerve in children with precardial distress of unknown origin is decreased. DC value is signiifcantly lower than that of control group, and shows correlation with indexes of HRV. There is no signiifcant difference in DC and HRV value between male and female children with precardial distress. DC value is lower in children aged 12 or older with precardial distress than that of age-matched children in the control group, which indicates adolescents are vulnerable to autonomic nerve functional disorder.

Objective To explore the characteristic of transcranial color-coded sonography(TCCS)and contrast-enhanced transcranial color-coded sonography (CE-TCCS) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and thiers clinical value.Methods 66 patients were randomly selected,whose preliminary clinical diagnosis were intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).The patients were followed up by TCCS in acute phase,subacute phase and chronic phase.The changes of the echo,boundary and the hematoma volume were recorded in different stages.In acute phase,patients' complications of intracerebral structure were observed.32 patients were selected randomly to underwent CE-TCCS examination in the subacute phase.The size,shape and the perfusion situation of hematoma were observed.The results of CE-TCCS were compared with the results of TCCS.Correlation analysis was made between the results of ultrasound and CT scan.Results (1) CT results:61 patients (61/66) were confirmed ICH through CT scan.(2) TCCS results:50 patients (50/61) with ICH could show the bleeding site.TCCS showed that 33 patients with ICH accompanied by intraventricular pressure,haematoma defeats ventricle and midline shift in acute phase.The echo became lower and the boundary became more clear with time.The long diameter,wide diameter,thickness diameter and volume of hematoma in different stages on TCCS had a good correlation with that on CT scan.(3)CE-TCCS results:30 cases of intracerebral hematoma could be clearly displayed the situation of hematoma through the ipsilateral temporal window.Compared with TCCS,CE TCCS had a better correlation with CT scan on the measurement of the hematoma length,width.The images of 2 cases observed through contralateral temporal window failded to be clearly shown.In 7 cases of ICH,visible low-enhanced edema area could be seen around the hematoma.The width of the edema area had a good correlation with the CTP result.Conclusions TCCS could clearly show the bleeding sites,hematoma volume and complications and the features of ICH in different stages of disease.TCCS could be used to monitor the condition of patients with ICH and recognized the disease progression initially.CE-TCCS had a much more clear display of intracerebral hematoma location,shape,boundary.At the same time,CE-TCCS could provide blood perfusion information of surrounding tissue in hematoma so that it could observe the change of peripheral edema more convenient.

To study the anti-inflammatory effects of the combinations of active components of Painong powder, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, and the quantitative analysis of their interactions.

Objective To explore the ultrasonographic characteristics of internal jugular vein(IJV) valve insufficiency and reflux.Methods 40 healthy volunteers' bilateral IJVs were study subjects.The inner diameter,valve morphological feature,reflux distance and hemodynamic parameters in IJV were detected by color Doppler ultrasound (CDU),the contrast agents transvalvular regurgitation in IJV was monitored by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) (with low mechanical index,MI 0.10),then analyse the results of two methods.Results Of 80 investigated IJVs,1 vein was excluded due to absence of its left valve,so 79 veins were evaluated in the study.The IJV's inner diameter on the right side was larger than on the left side,but there was no significant difference (P ＞0.05).The detection rate of IJV valve insufficiency was 31.6％ (25/79),which was higher on the right than that on the left,but without significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The detection rate of IJV valve insufficiency was significantly higher in the group of greater than or equal to 50 years old than that in less than 50 years old(P ＜0.05).The reflux distance in IJV displayed by CDU was associated with IJV valve's function.Compaired with sufficient valves,the reflux duration time in insufficient valves during quiet respiration showed no significant difference (P ＞0.05).During Valsalvalike manoeuvres and quiet respiration,the reflux duration time in sufficient valves showed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The reflux duration time in insufficient valves during Valsalva-like manoeuvres showed significantly higher than that during quiet respiration (P ＜0.01).Compaired with sufficient valves,the peak flow velocity of reflux flow in insufficient valves was significantly prolonged during quiet respiration and Valsalva-like manoeuvres (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01,respectively).Conclusions The incidence rate of IJV valve insufficiency and reflux is high in healthy individuals.During quiet respiration and/or Valsalva-like manoeuvres,detecting the reflux distance,reflux duration time and peak flow velocity of reflux flow by CDU are valuable in evaluating IJV valve insufficiency and the degree of IJV reflux.

more coincidence with ultrasound than SPECT. ConclusionsUltrasonography is a noninvasive method for assessing the effect of multiple burr-hole operation in patients with moyamoya disease.