1 ? 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3(1? 25 (OH)2 D3)induced differentiation of human promyelocytic leukaemia cells ( HL-60 ) into mature myeloid cells in vitro. The ratio of nuclei to cytoplasma decreased; Their nucleoli reduced; Cells became irrgular and extended the pseudopods. 1 ? 25 (OH ) 2 D3 caused significant increase of nitroblue tetrazolium ( NBT ) reduction and ?-non-specific acid esterase (?-NAE ) and acid phosphatase (ACP ) activities. These data and morphological characteristics suggest that HL-60 cells were conclusively identified as monocytes/macrophages. The histogram of DNA distribution ahylyzed by flow cytometry demonstrated G0 + G1 phase increased and S phase increased and S phase decreased remarkably after treatment with l?, 25 ( OH ) 2 D3 as compared with untreated cells.

Objective To explore the effects of acute hypoxia on the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA in the rat hypothalamus. Methods A total of 78 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 13 groups ( n =6 in each group): control group and 12 experimental groups. Rats in the experimental groups were exposed to hypoxia in the hypobaric chamber simulating the altitudes of 3 000, 4 000, 5 000, and 6 000 m for 1, 2, and 3 d, respectively. The expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus under the condition of acute hypoxia was detected by semi quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results ① Expression of NPY mRNA was detected in the rat hypothalamus in the experimental groups and the control group. ② Under the condition of acute hypoxia for the same time, the expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus showed the tendency of decrease at increasing altitudes; ③ At the same altitude, expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus decreased gradually with the increasing time for acute hypoxia. Conclusion Acute hypoxia can decrease the expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of strain ratio in differential diagnosis of thyroid tumors,compared with the evaluation based on elastography scores.Methods Elastography examinations were performed in 67 patients with 92 thyroid tumors.Ultrasonic elastograms were evaluated according to the four- and five-score system respectively.Strain ratio of the tumor and the surrounding tissue was also calculated.Clinical value of the three evaluations was compared with pathological findings as the reference standard.Results The area under the curve:0.885 for the four-score,0.904 for the five-score,0.961 for the strain ratio.When a cutoff point of 3 was used,four-score and five-score showed a sensitivity of 78.0%,a specificity of 86.3%,an accuracy of 82.6% and a sensitivity of 80.5%,a specificity of 88.2%,an accuracy of 84.8%,respectively.When a cutoff point of 3.57 was introduced,the strain ratio had 92.7% sensitivity,92.2% specificity,92.4% accuracy.Conclusions Strain ratio was more helpful in diagnostic performance of thyroid tumors as a new semi-quantitative method than elastography scores.

Objective To elucidate the etiology feature of viral infection in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory infection. Methods A total of 5 480 children with acute lower respiratory tract infection, hospitalized from September 2007 to September 2009, were studied. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were screened for 8 types of viruses by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) assay. Results At least one type of viral pathogen was detected in 2 710 out of 5 480 patients and the overall positive rate was 49.5%. The most common virus was RSV (51.1%), followed by hMPV (18.9%), PIVⅢ (12.5%), ADV (7.1%), IFA (4.7%), IFB (2.9%), PIV Ⅰ (1.5%) and PIV Ⅱ (1.2%). The positive rate was highest in children under 6 months (43.5%). The seasonal change of RSV, hMPV was more obvious. The peak of RSV, hMPV appeared in the winter and the spring. The prevalence of viral infection in children with pneumonia, bronchitis, asthmatic bronchitis, non asthmatic bronchitis and asthma were 47.4%、63.6%、 50.5%、 30.1% and 43.5% respectively. Conclusions Viruses are the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children, especially in infants and young children. RSV and hMPV were the most common viruses in these years.

Objective To explore the effect of group management mode on compliance of pelvic floor function exercise for patients with post partum urinary incontinence (PPUI). Methods A total of 80 cases of patients with PPUI were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. Patients in the control group received one-to-one routine health guidance. Patients in the observation group received group management mode including special subject teaching guidance, induction and communication between patients. Three months after the intervention, two groups of patients were evaluated at six months after postpartum by the pelvic floor muscle strength, one-hour urine pad test and pelvic floor muscle function exercise compliance. Results Six months after postpartum, the cure rate of the pelvic floor muscle strength was 100%(40/40) for typeⅠmuscle, 100%(40/40) for typeⅡmuscle in the observation group. In the control group, the cure rate for typeⅠmuscle was 70%(28/40) and 65%(26/40) for type Ⅱmuscle. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (χ2=14.118, 16.970, P=0.000). The total effective rate of urinary incontinence was 100.0%(40/40) in the observation group, 67.5% (16/40) in the control group, and there was statistical significance (χ2=25.232, P=0.000). Evaluation of the compliance of pelvic floor function exercise showed that the rates were 72.5% (29/40) for complete compliance, 27.5%(11/40) for incomplete compliance and 0 for total non-compliance in the observation group. In the control group, these rates were 2.5%(1/40), 55.0%(22/40), 42.5%(17/40). And there was statistical significance as well (χ2=54.847, P=0.000). Conclusions Group management mode can improve the compliance of pelvic floor muscle function exercise and the strength of pelvic floor muscle, and improve the degree of urinary incontinence in postpartum patients with urinary incontinence.

Objective To describe the psychological experience of the patients with end-stage cardiopathy in China. Methods Phenomenology method was used in the study. Fifteen end stage cardiopathy patients received a non-structured interview. Results Four themes were extracted including heavy psychological burden about the disease and the selection of treatment options; complex psychological responses to families and relatives; wishing of social support;lose heart to personal future and prospects. Conclusions The patients on the end stage cardiopathy have complicated and intensive psychological responses. Medical staff should focus on the emotional of these patients, and provide effective strategies to promote patients'physical and psychological rehabilitation.

Clinical studies show that melatonin has a unique biochemical characteristics. This article reviewed the specific role of melatonin in the region, antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, calcium antagonistic effect of melatonin treatment of the aspects of the effectiveness of spinal cord injury, and medication for a brief description.

Objective To investigate the effect of cimetidine on the clonal expansion of TCR V? subfamily of T cells in cord blood after the stimulation by K562 cells in vitro.Methods Cimetidine(1?10-5 mol/L) or K562 cells(1?106/ml) or both of them were respectively cultured with mononuclear cells(MNC) isolated from normal human cord blood for 2 weeks.After the induction,specific cytotoxicity of the proliferated T cells were detected with K562 cells as the target cells.The selective usages and clonal expansion of TCR V? subfa-mily of T cells were analyzed by RT-PCR and genescan technique.Results After induction for 2 weeks,the 3 groups showed the increased cell proliferation,in which specific cytotoxicity of T cells induced by both cimetidine and K562 cells against K562 cells was enhanced significantly compared with the other 2 groups(P

Objective To compare the changes in myocardial fibrosis degree and left ventricular function before versus after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods 121 elderly patients diagnosed as CHD with a single vessel by coronary angiography were enrolled.All patients were treated with PCI guided by thrombolysis in myocardial ischemia (TIMI) grade,symptoms and fractional flow reserve (FFR) comprehensively,and reviewed by coronary angiography after 12 months.The changes in serum concentration of procollagen type Ⅰ (PC I),procollagen type Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ),laminin (LN),hyaluronic acid (HA) and aldosterone (ALD) before versus 3,12 months after PCI were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular enddiastolic diameter (LVEDD),plasma N-terminal pro-B-type brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level and 6-minute walk test (6MWD) were assessed before and 3,12 months after PCI.The correlations were analyzed between FFR and serum procollagen type Ⅲ level,between serum PC Ⅲ level and plasma NT-proBNP level,and between serum ALD level and serum levels of PC Ⅰ,PC Ⅲ,LN,HA.Results All patients were treated with PCI successfully.At 12 months after PCI,stenosis with different degree were found in implanted stents or some large vessels in 6 cases by coronary angiography FFR=0.56-0.82).The serum levels of PC Ⅰ,PC Ⅲ,LN,HA,ALD,LVEDD and the plasma levels of NT-pro BNP were lower at 3 months after PCI than at preoperative follow-up (all P＜0.05),but LVEF was higher at 3 months after PCI than at preoperative fellow-up (P＜0.05),and the change trends in above observations were more significantly at 12 months after PCI.Linear correlation analysis showed that there was negative correlation between FFR and PC Ⅲ (r=-0.67,P＜0.01).There were positive correlations between PC Ⅲ and NT-proBNP,between ALD and PCⅠ,PC Ⅲ,LN,HA respectively (r=0.67,0.52,0.55,0.46,0.51,all P＜0.01).Conclusions PCI comprehensively guided by TIMI grade,symptoms and FFR can reduce myocardial fibrosis,improve cardiac function and quality of life in elderly patients with single coronary heart disease.

Objective:To establish a method based on the iPLEX analysis of MassARRAY mass spectrometry platform to detect multiplex genetic mutations among Chinese lung cancer patients. Methods:We reviewed the related literature and data of lung cancer treatments. We also determined 99 mutation hot spots in 13 target genes, namely, EGFR, KRAS, ALK, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, PIK3CA, BRAF, PTEN, MET, ERBB2, AKT1, and STK11, which are closely related to the pathogenesis, drug resistance, and metastasis of lung cancer and are associated with relevant transduction pathways. A total of 297 primers comprising 99 paired forward and reverse amplification primers and 99 matched extension primers were designed by using Assay Design in accordance with the mutation label and format requirements of the MassARRAY platform. The detection method was established by analyzing eight cell lines and six lung cancer specimens;the proposed method was then validated through comparisons with a LungCarta kit. The sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method were evaluated by directly sequencing EGFR and KRAS genes in 100 lung cancer cases. Results:The proposed method could detect multiplex genetic mutations in the lung cancer cell lines, and this finding is consistent with that observed using previously reported methods. The proposed method could also detect such mutations in clinical lung cancer specimens;this result is also consistent with that observed by using the LungCarta kit. However, an FGFR2 mutation was detected only by using the proposed method. The measured sensitivity and specificity were 100%and 96.3%, respectively. Conclusion:The proposed MassARRAY technology-based method could detect multiplex genetic mutations among Chinese lung cancer patients. Indeed, the proposed method can be potentially applied to detect mutations in cancer cells.