OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of Xiaoer jiegan granules with Ribavirin in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection. METHODS:98 patients with upper respiratory tract infection were randomly divided into obser-vation group and control group with 49 cases in each group. Control group was given Ribavirin injection for routine upper respiratory tract antiviral therapy,10-15 mg/kg,added into 5% Glucose injection 250 ml,ivgtt,qd. Observation group was given Xiaoer jiegan granules,1g/time for 1-3 year-old children,2g/time for 4-6 year-old children and 3 g/time for 7-9 year-old,tid. A treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 5 days,both received 2 courses of treatment. Clinical efficacy,cough and other symptoms score,ADR were ob-served in 2 groups. RESULTS:The effective rate of observation group (97.96%) was higher than that of control group (87.76%), with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the scores of fever and cough and other symptoms between 2 groups,with statistical significance(P>0.05);after treatment, the scores of fever and cough and other symp-toms in observation group were lower than in control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The incidence of ADR in the ob-servation group(6.12%)was significantly lower than in control group(22.45%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLU-SIONS:Xiaoer jiegan granule with Ribavirin is effective in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract virus infection,and can im-prove fever,cough and other clinical symptoms,so as to promote better conditions and reduce the occurrence of ADR.

This paper introduces the technical progress of the emission computed tomography (ECT) device in these years. As the latest technical advance and applications in nuclear medicine imaging, the features, performances and applications of CTs of dual-head coincidence (DHC) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission computed tomography (PET) are discussed.

Objective To investigate the effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on lung compliance and oxygenation index during one lung ventilation( OLV) . Methods In this study, sixty patients, ASAⅠorⅡ, scheduled for pul-monary surgeries were enrolled, and randomly divided into two groups:sevoflurane preconditioning group(n=30) and total intravenous group( n=30 ) . For preconditioning, patients in sevoflurane preconditioning group were ad-ministrated with one minimal alveolar concentration(1MAC) sevoflurane for 30 min after general anesthesia induc-tion and then followed with total intravenous anesthesia. While in total intravenous group, only intravenous anes-thetic agents were administrated for maintenane of anesthesia after induction. The indexes of hemodynamics, pulse oximeter( SpO2 ) , plateau pressure( Pplat) and lung compliance( Cdyn) were recorded at the following time points:before anesthesia( T0 ) , after anesthesia induction at laternal position TLV 30 min( T1 ) ,30 min after OLV( T2 ) , 60 min after OLV( T3 ) and recovering TLV 20 min( T4 ) . Arterial blood samples were taken to measure partial pressure of carbon dioxide( PaCO2 ) , partial pressure of oxygen( PaO2 ) , pH, oxygenation index( PaO2/FiO2 ) at the follow-ing time points: T1 , T2 , T3 , T4 . Results Compared with T1 , the oxygenation index and lung compliance de-creased significantly at T2 ,T3 ( P<0. 05 ); compared with total intravenous group, the lung compliance was obvi-ously higher than that in sevoflurane preconditioning group at T2,T3(P<0. 05). There were no significantly differ-ences in the oxygenation index between total intravenous group and sevoflurane preconditioning group at all time points. Conclusion Compared with total intravenous anesthesia with propofol , sevoflurane preconditioning can im-prove lung compliance, but does not make contribute to improve oxygenation index.

Objective To investigate the role and implication of Engrailed-2 (EN2) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the effect of silencing EN2 genes on the proliferation and invasion of HepG2 cells by RNA interference.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of EN2 in the HCC tissues and corresponding non-cancerous adjacent liver tissues in 126 patients with HCC.The expressions of EN2 and the relationship between EN2 expression and clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed using the Chi-square test.The survival curve was drawn using the Kaplan-Meier method and the survival was analyzed using the log-rank test.EN2-small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into HepG2 cell lines mediated by LipofectamineTM 2000,and the expression of EN2 were detected by Western blotting assay.The cell proliferation and invasion were measured by methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) and Transwell assays.Results EN2 positive expression rate was high (62.7％) in HCC tissue but low in the corresponding peritumoral tissue (23.5％,P ＜ 0.01).The high expression of EN2 was strongly correlated with tumor size,metastasis and AJCC TNM stage.The cumulative 5-year survival rate was 33.9％ in the low EN2 expression group,whereas it was 5.1％ in the high EN2 expression group (P ＜ 0.01).Expression of EN2 in EN2 siRNA group was significantly lower than that in control siRNA group and control group (P ＜ 0.05),respectively.The cell proliferation and invasion ability were significantly reduced in the EN2 siRNA group.Conclusion The expression of EN2 is highly up-regulated in HCC tissues and down-regulation of EN2 could inhibit proliferation and invasion of HepG2 cells,which indicating that EN2 is involved in the process of HCC carcinogenesis and progression and may serve as a biomarker for predicting prognosis of HCC patients.

Objective To systematically analyze and assess the risk of venous thromboembolism in the patients with rheuma‐toid arthritis(RA) .Methods The related literatures on the venous thromboembolism occurrence in the patients with RA published at home and abroad were performed the electronic retrieval .The obtained data were analyzed by adopting the RevMan5 .1 software . The data unable to merge were analyzed by adopting the descriptive analysis method .Results A total of 10 related papers were in‐cluded .The 3 indicators of venous thromboembolism occurrence rate ,deep vein thrombosis occurrence rate and pulmonary thrombo‐embolism occurrence rate were performed the meta analysis .The RR and 95% CI of the occurrence rates of venous thromboembo‐lism ,deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism were 2 .00(1 .71 ,2 .33) ,2 .31(1 .84 ,2 .90) ,2 .25(2 .23 ,2 .28) respec‐tively .Conclusion The risk degree of venous thromboembolism occurrence in the RA patients is higher than that in the non‐RA pa‐tients .

Rehabilitation therapeutics has been put in practice in China. The setting of clinical course needs to be further explored. Thispaper summed up the past experience of diagnostic teaching by questionnaire for students to guide future teaching.

Objective To evaluate the effects of propofol on apoptosis and invasiveness of human lung cancer cell line A549 cells.Methods Human lung cancer cell line A549 were seeded onto 96-well plates (100 μl/well) and 6-well plates (2 000 μl/well) at a density of 2× 105 cells/ml,and cultured for24 h at 37 ℃ in 5％ CO2.The cells were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =60 each) using a random number table:dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group and propofol group (group P).In group P,propofol with the final concentration of 100 μmoYL was added.In group DMSO,0.5％ DMSO with the final concentration of 0.5％ was added.At 24 h of incubation with drugs,caspase-3 expression was detected by high content screening (HCS); the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2) was detected by Western blot analysis.At 0.5,1 and 5 h of incubation,ERK1/2 expression was also measured using Western blot analysis.Results Compared with group DMSO,the expression of caspase-3 was up-regulated,the expression of MMP-2 was down-regulated,ERK1/2 expression was up-regulated at 0.5 of incubation and down-regulated at 1 h of incubation,and no significant change was found in ERK1/2 expression at 5 h of incubation in group P.Conclusion Propofol can promote apoptosis in A549 cells and inhibit invasiveness of human lung cancer cell line A549 cells.

Objective To investigate the values of echocardiographic parameters for predicting the spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus in preterm infants .Methods A retrospective study of 110 preterm infants from October 2013 to October 2014 in our hospital was done .Examination was done at 1 ,3 ,7 d with echocardiography for those infants .Diameter of left atrium(LA) ,aotic root(AO) and arterial canal‐related parameters (the smallest width of ductal color Doppler flow jet and the maximum velocity at the ductus) at first .Preterm infants in this study were divided into two groups .The early patent ductus arterisus group included ones whoes ductus didn′t closed spontaneous in 7 d ,and the control group included ones whoes ductus closed spontaneous in 7 d ,and then the echocardiographic parameters between the two groups were compared .Results (1)The rates of ductus arteriosus sponta‐neous closure in preterm infants at 3 ,7 d were 70 .9% (78/110) ,78 .2% (86/110) ,respectivly .(2)When compared with the control group ,The rate of LA/AO in patent ductus arterisus group were higher than that of the control group(P<0 .01);The smallest width of ductal color Doppler flow jet in patent ductus arterisus group were bigger than that of the control group(P<0 .01);The maximum velocity at the ductus in patent ductus arterisus group were lower than that of the control group(P<0 .05) .(3)The best critical points of the LA/AO ,the smallest width of ductal color Doppler flow jet and the maximum velocity at the ductus of the spontaneous ductus arteriosus closure in preterm infants were 1 .32 mm ,2 .56 mm and 185 .5 cm/s ,respectivly .Conclusion Echo‐cardiography plays a significant role in prediction of the spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus in preterm infants .

Objective To explore the value of color doppler ultrasound in infants with hypothyroidism between 0 to 3 years old before and after treatment .Methods The normal infants ,whose thyroids were examined by two‐dimensional ultrasound and were used by color doppler ultrasound ,were used as control group .The clinically diagnosed infants with transient hyperthyroidism or permanent hyperthyroidism were used as experimental group .The thyroids were examined by multiple ultrasonography before and after the treatment respectively in different periods .The measured values of thyroids were compared each other .Results In in‐fants with transient hyperthyroidism ,the major ultrasonographic findings were atrophy of thyroids before the treatment .Most of these thyroids enlarged ,and a small part of them recovered after the treatment .In infants with permanent hyperthyroidism ,the pri‐mary finding was thyroid agenesis ,and followed by atrophied before the treatment .The thyroid agenesis exist in most cases and few cases recover with normal values after the treatment .Conclusion Color doppler ultrasound can indirectly reflect the thyroid devel‐opment situation in infants .Combined with the advantages of non traumatic and high repeatability ,it can be used as an important auxiliary examination method for clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism in infants .

Objective To evaluate the effect of low-dose colonic CT scanning in image quality and lesion revealing with different noise idex.Methods Model group:in order to find the optimal scanning parameter range,small simulated polyps in pig colon was prepared and mA was modulated by regulating noise index.Images were reprocessed with CT colonography and Raysum reconstructions.Image quality and the lesion revealing situation were evaluated and scored based on both reconstructive and axial images.The study of patient group was prospective and continuous.All positive cases were comfirmed by biopsy or surgery pathology.Two groups of patients were enrolled.First group(39 cases from January 2007 to June 2007):patients were divided into three sub-groups randomly(15 cages with NI=10,13 cases with NI:13,11 cases with NI=16),while NI was not changed with position.Second group(32 cases from Jury 2007 to January 2008):patients were scanned and NI was changed with different position(NI=10,20).The average X-ray radiation values of two patient groups were compared with standard values.All data were processed with rank sum tesL Results First group:when NI=10,the average scores of axial and constructive images were 4.2 and 2.4 respectively,when NI=13,those were 3.2 and 2.5 respectively,When NI=16.those were 2.9 and 2.7 respectively.and the average CTDlw were 17.51,12.90 and 5.94 mGy respectively.When NI increased,the average scores of axial decreased(H=20.01,P＜0.01),the average scores of constructive images did not changed(H=0.81,P＞0.05).Second group:when NI=10,the average scores of axial and constructive images were respectively 3.6 and 2.3,when NI=20,those were 2.2 and 2.3 respectively,and the average CTDIw was 11.63 mGy.When NI increased from 10 to 20,the average scores of axial decreased(H=20.84,P＜0.01),the average scores of constructive images did not decreased(H=0.29,P＞0.05).In the first group,the average CTDIw wag reduced by 35.0%,52.1%and 77.9%respectively when NI was 10,13 and 16.In the second group,the average CTDIw Was reduced by 56.8%.Conclusions Auto-mA low-dose CT scanning could reduce X-ray radiation obviously,while not affecting image quality.