Objective To observe the characteristics of multifocal eletrotetinogram (mfERG) in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and its relationship with visual acuity and macular central retinal thickness (CRT).Methods By means of patients self-contrast analysis.40 patients (40 eyes) with NAION were collected underwent the examinations of best corrected visual acuity, fundus color photography, fundus fluorescein angiography and field of vision.All the disease and normal eyes had underwent the examination of frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (fdOCT) and mfERG.The CRT and retinal thickness about perifovea, parafovea were documented with fdOCT.All patients underwent the retinal macular function exam with mfERG.Centered by macular fovea, the reaction zone were divided into 5 rings from inside to outside by circles, ring 1 0.00°, ring 2 5.44°, ring 3 10.31°, ring 4 16.31°, ring 5 23.42°.Treated ring 1 hexagon as macular center the amplitude densities of P1 wave, the amplitude of P1 and N1 wave, and the latencies of P1and N1 wave at cvcry ring were observed.The relationship between mfERG characteristics and visual acuity or CRT were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results fdOCT revealed that there was significantly statistical difference in the retinal thickness about perifovea between disease eyes and contralateral eyes (P＜＜0.05).The increase of CRT and retinal thickness about parafovea had no significantly statistical difference between diseases eyes and contralateral eyes (P＞0.05).mfERG revealed that the decrease of amplitude densities about P1 wave at ring 1 to 2 had significantly statistical difference between two groups (P＜0.05);there were no significantly statistical difference in the amplitude densities of P1 wave at ring 3 to 5;the decrease of amplitude about P1 and N1 wave at ring 1 had significantly statistical difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significantly statistical difference in the amplitude of P1 and N1wave at ring 2 to 5, the latencies of P1 and N1 wave at ring 1 to 5 (P＞0.05).The correlation analysis revealed that the amplitude densities and amplitude of P1 wave at ring 1, amplitude of N1 wave at ring 1 had no effect on visual acuity (r=0.087,0.195,-0.134;P＞0.05) and CRT(r=-0.154,0.365, 0.412;P＞0.05).Conclusions Compared with contralateral eyes,the disease eyes were significantly decrease in amplitude densities of P1 wave at ring 1 to 2, amplitude of P1 and N1 wave at ring 1.There are no correlated between the amplitude densities of P1 wave at ring 1,amplitude of P1 and N1 wave at ring 1 and visual acuity or CRT.

Objective:To establish a quality standard for vinegar frankincense in Liuwei Jingkang capsules. Methods: TLC was used for the identification of vinegar frankincense. HPLC was used for the content determination of acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), which was the main active component in vinegar frankincense. A SHIMADZU Shim-pack VP-ODS(250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm) column was used. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water containing 0. 01 mol·L-1 hydrochloric acid (78 ∶22) at a flow rate of 1. 5 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was 30℃. The detection wavelength was 252 nm, and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results:The TLC method could identify the characteristic fluorescence of vinegar frankincense was without interference from the blank. There was a good linear relationship of AKBA within the concentration range of 0. 036 5-0. 730 8 mg·ml-1(r=0. 999 7). The average recovery was 98. 24% (RSD=0. 83%, n=9). Conclusion:The established method is accurate, highly sensitive and well re-producible, which can be used for the quality control of Liuwei Jingkang capsules.

Objective:To optimize the flash extraction method for polygonatum saponin by orthogonal design. Methods: The ex-traction technology was optimized by L9 (34 ) orthogonal test based on the results of single factor experiments. The optimized conditions were as follows:the material liquid ratio was 1 ∶20, the extraction voltage was 100 V, the extraction time was 40s, and the herbs were extracted 3 times (40 s per time). Results:The ratio of material to liquid had significant effect on the extraction rate,and under the a-bove extraction conditions, the extraction amount of polygonatum saponin reached up to (38. 92 ± 0. 67) mg·g-1 . The order of extrac-tion rate was flash extraction >ultrasonic extraction> ethanol extraction. Conclusion:The flash extraction is beneficial to the extrac-tion of polygonatum saponin.

Objective To explore the value of psychological nursing in treatment of children caries.Methods 200 children with caries were divided randomly into the experimental group and the control group with 100 cases in each group.The experimental group was given psychological nursing according to different age groups,while the control group only received routine treatment.The compliance degree of children patients were compared between the two groups. Results The compliance degree of the experimental group was better than the control group. Conclusions Psychological nursing can alleviate intense,anxiety,pain,dread of children patients,enhance medical compliance degree,thus ensure the smooth progress of treatment reduce the treatment time greatly,raise working efficiency in order to achieve high quality service.

Objective To develop a sandplay analysis evaluation matrix for children with tic disor?ders. Methods 113 children were chosen as the study subjects . Based on the grounded theory,the open coding,correlated coding and core coding were carried out on coding elements for sandplay process to gain the third?level,second?level and first?level evaluation codes. The reliability and validity of the codes were tested.Results The sandplay analysis evaluation matrix for children with tic disorders was established inclu?ding 48 third?level,17 second?level and 3 first?level evaluation codes. The codes were proved to be reliable and valid through the comparison and conditional coding with query. Conclusion The sandplay analysis e?valuation matrix for children with tic disorders,which is established based on the grounded theory,is reliable and operable. It can be used as a tool to assess the psychological or behavioral problems of children with tic disorders dynamically.

Objective To explore the effect of group management mode on compliance of pelvic floor function exercise for patients with post partum urinary incontinence (PPUI). Methods A total of 80 cases of patients with PPUI were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. Patients in the control group received one-to-one routine health guidance. Patients in the observation group received group management mode including special subject teaching guidance, induction and communication between patients. Three months after the intervention, two groups of patients were evaluated at six months after postpartum by the pelvic floor muscle strength, one-hour urine pad test and pelvic floor muscle function exercise compliance. Results Six months after postpartum, the cure rate of the pelvic floor muscle strength was 100%(40/40) for typeⅠmuscle, 100%(40/40) for typeⅡmuscle in the observation group. In the control group, the cure rate for typeⅠmuscle was 70%(28/40) and 65%(26/40) for type Ⅱmuscle. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (χ2=14.118, 16.970, P=0.000). The total effective rate of urinary incontinence was 100.0%(40/40) in the observation group, 67.5% (16/40) in the control group, and there was statistical significance (χ2=25.232, P=0.000). Evaluation of the compliance of pelvic floor function exercise showed that the rates were 72.5% (29/40) for complete compliance, 27.5%(11/40) for incomplete compliance and 0 for total non-compliance in the observation group. In the control group, these rates were 2.5%(1/40), 55.0%(22/40), 42.5%(17/40). And there was statistical significance as well (χ2=54.847, P=0.000). Conclusions Group management mode can improve the compliance of pelvic floor muscle function exercise and the strength of pelvic floor muscle, and improve the degree of urinary incontinence in postpartum patients with urinary incontinence.

Objective To evaluate continuous improvement of portable domestic pelvic floor neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the pelvic floor function of patients with stress urinary incontinence after short-term pelvic floor electrophysiological treatment in hospital.Methods Totally 60 women with stress urinary incontinence were recruited for this randomized controlled trial.The control group including a total of 30 patients,only received 4 weeks pelvic floor electrophysiological treatment in the hospital.Family consolidation treatment group (experimental group) including 30 patients,after 4-week treatment in hospital,received 12-week of pelvic floor neuromnuscular electrical stimulation using portable electrical stimulator at home under the guidance of doctors.In post-treatment 6 months and 9 months,1-hour pad test was measured for urine leakage,pelvic floor electrical physiological parameters were assessed,and subjective improvement of symptoms of urinary incontinence were evaluated.All these data were analysed to compare the effect of the two groups.Results In 9 months after treatment,average change of urine leakage,the control group and experiment group were (75±24)％ versus (99±3)％,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).In the experiment group,strength of type Ⅰ muscle (4.4±0.7),strength of type Ⅱ muscle (4.8±0.4) and pelvic floor dynamic pressure [(96± 12) cmH2O,1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa] were better than those of control group [3.2± 1.0,4.3 ± 0.9,(86 ± 10) cmH2O,respectively],the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Subjective outcome,the control group and experiment group were (6.5 ±2.9) versus (1.8 ± 1.7),subjective outcome between the two groups had significant difference (P＜0.01).Conclusion After short-term pelvic floor electrophysiological treatment in hospital,the portable domestic pelvic floor neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with stress urinary incontinence is helpful to continuous improvement of pelvic floor function.

Lack of overall evaluation on the occupational ability of students existed in the national rehabilitation therapy education.And the students faced the problems such as difficulty in relating the theory with the practice and poor practical ability during the clinical internships.Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), an objective evaluation method, which could be used as reference, could be adopted to simulate the clinical scene to test students' clinical skills.

Objective:To analyze the echocardiographic features of operation-related aorto-cardiac fistula(ACF) after surgery or transcatheter procedure, to explore the value of echocardiography on diagnosis of operation-related ACF, and summarize the key points of its diagnosis.Methods:Eight patients with operation-related ACF who were admitted to Fuwai Hospital were collected from July 2002 to December 2020. Echocardiographic features of the 8 patients with operation-related ACF were reviewed and analyzed. The diagnosis methodology was summarized.Results:Of the 8 patients with operation-related ACF, 3 had aortic right atrial fistula and 5 had aortic right ventricular fistula. The fistula was single, which can be located but not limited to the aortic sinus. The median size of the fistula was 4 mm (range: 3-5 mm). There was no aneurysmal dilation of the aortic sinus where the fistula was located. The fractured end of the fistula did not thin, and the fistula had a regular shape. Six of the 8 patients undertook cardiac catheterization and occlusion. One patient received surgical repairment. One patient was treated conservatively.Conclusions:Echocardiography can help diagnose operation-related ACF and provide valuable information for further clinical diagnosis and treatment. Sonographers should avoid missed diagnosis and pay attention to distinguishing from other causes of aortic-cardiac shunt disease.

Objective To discuss the relationship between the injury patterns of medial patellofemoral ligament(MPFL) and injury degrees of vastus medialis obliquus(VMO) after acute patellar dislocation(PD). Methods Knee joint MRI was performed in 79 patients with acute PD. Images were acquired and evaluated using standardised protocols. Injury patterns of MPFL were grouped by severity (partial tear and complete tear)and location (isolated patellar-side tear (PAT), isolated femoral-side tear (FEM) and combined tear (COM) ) for analysis of the prevalence of VMO injury. The VMO elevation was calculated on sagittal and coronal planes. Results The prevalence rates of MPFL tear and VMO lesion were 96.2%(76/79)and 54.4%(43/79)after acute PD.The prevalence rate of VMO lesion was 40.6%(13/32)and 68.2%(30/44)in the partial and complete MPFL tear subgroups,respectively.Complete MPFL tear subgroup showed higher prevalence rate of VMO lesion when compared with partial tear subgroup(χ2=5.727, P=0.017). The prevalence rates of VMO lesion in the PAT, FEM and COM subgroups were 31.8% (7/22), 67.7% (21/31) and 70% (14/20), respectively. There were statistically significant differences among them(χ2=8.549,P=0.014).About the mean VMO elevation,there were statistically significant differences between the complete and partial MPFL tear subgroups, the FEM and PAT subgroups, and the COM and PAT subgroups (P=0.00). Conclusions Compared with partial MPFL tear, complete tear predisposes to VMO lesion and has a higher elevation of the torn VMO after acute PD.The femoral-sided and combined MPFL tears predispose to VMO lesion and have higher elevations of the torn VMO.