Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on dreaming during general anesthesia in pediatric patients.Methods A total of 400 pediatric patients of both sexes,aged 5-12 yr,with body mass index of 15.2-18.1 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ,undergoing elective orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into control group (group C,n=200) and dexmedetomidine group (group D,n =200) according to the computer-generated random numeral order and numeral parity.Dexmedetomidine was infused intravenously in a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg over 10 min before induction of anesthesia followed by infusion of 0.5 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 30 min before the end of surgery in group D,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead of dexmedetomidine in group C.The pediatric patients who regained consciousness and recovered orientation in post-anesthesia care unit were interviewed for dreaming using a modified Brice questionnaire,and the dream (emotion,hearing and behaviours in dreams,memories for dreams) was evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale.Results Compared with group C,the incidence of dreaming was significantly decreased,the memory score was decreased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in emotion,hearing and behaviour scores in dreams in group D (P＞0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can decrease the development of dreaming during general anesthesia and produces no effect on the content of dreams (most are pleasant) in pediatric patients.

Objective To study the effect of integrated the respiratory function exercise on promoting lung cancer patients'rapid recovery of function .Methods From September 2014 to September 2016,113 patients with lung cancer were selected in the research .According to the law of random numbers ,they were divided into two groups . The observation group (60 cases) was given the general primary care combined with integrated respiratory function exercise.The control group (53 cases) was given the general basic nursing intervention .Then,the incidence rate of complications and related indicators after operation were compared between the two groups .Results The incidence rate of complications of the observation group was 3.33％,which was significantly lower than 22.64％ of the control group (χ2 =9.369,P<0.05).The related indicators after surgery had statistically significant differences between the two groups (t=3.420,3.811,19.993,all P<0.05).The negative emotional relief score of the observation group [(90.29 ±2.39) points] had statistically significant difference compared with that of the control group [(90.29 ± 2.39)points](t=11.025,P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction rate of the observation group was 96.7％ (58/60), which of the control group was 66.7％(40/60),the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =7.120,P<0.05). Conclusion For patients with lung cancer ,clinical comprehensive respiratory function exercise intervention has rapid rehabilitation after surgery and can improve quality of life of the patients .

Objective:To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on intracranial pressure in pediatric patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery through measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) by ultrasound.Methods:Ninety-three pediatric patients of both sexes, aged 3-12 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, with body mass index of 15.2-18.1 kg/m 2, scheduled for elective laparoscopic appendectomy, were divided into 2 groups using a random number table method: control group (group C, n=45) and dexmedetomidine group (group D, n=48). Dexmedetomidine was infused intravenously in a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg over 10 min before induction of anesthesia followed by an infusion of 0.5 μg·kg -1·h -1 in group D, while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C. ONSD was measured using ultrasound after entering the operating room (T 0), after tracheal intubation (T 1), at 5 min after pneumoperitoneum (T 2), at 5 min after trendelenburg position (T 3), at the end of anesthesia (T 4) and when orientation recovered (T 5). The development of increased intracranial pressure in pediatric patients was diagnosed according to ONSD.The time for extubation, time for recovery of orientation, the Ramsay score when orientation recovered and postoperative nausea and vomiting were recorded. Results:Compared with group C, ONSD was significantly decreased at T 2, 3, the incidence of increased intracranial pressure was decreased, and the Ramsay score when the patients recovered orientation was increased ( P<0.01), and no significant change was found in the time for extubation, time for recovery of orientation and postoperative nausea and vomiting in group D ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine can decrease the development of increased intracranial pressure and produces no effect on the postoperative recovery in pediatric patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Tumor has become the major reasons cause of death,and its vaccine has become the effective tracts of treatment and prevention by enhancing the immune response of patients.However,most vaccines which are recombination subunit protein antigens are poorly immunogenic and difficult to induce a robust immune response in patients with compromised immune systems,resulting in poor marketing approval.The core component of the vaccine adjuvant can greatly enhance the strength,speed and duration of the immune response,thus becoming the key to the development of an ideal tumor vaccine.Most tumor vaccines are combined with tradition adjuvant such as aluminum,MF59 and AS adjuvant,but their products and patents are monopolized by large foreign companies.We found that natural adjuvants have many unique advantages,such as good biocompatibility and biodegradability,promoting the maturation of dendritic cell and the secretion of immune cytokines,significantly enhancing the tumor vaccine immune response,etc.In this paper,the application and future development of natural polysaccharides,saponins,flavonoid and plant virus-like particles in cancer vaccines were reviewed,which may lay a solid foundation for the development of the original and innovative adjuvants with domestic independent intellectual property rights.