Objective:To analyze infection-related factors for Coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Method: The cases undergoing operations with CABG from January to June in 2006 were 614.The records of the two sets of statistical indicators were kept and the data were analyzed to find the infection-related factors.Result:There were three factors related to infection:the measure of anaesthesia,the time of hospitalization before surgical operations and the duration of prophylac- tic antibiotics treatment.Diabetes mellitus was not a risk factor in our study.Conclusion:In view of patients'health condi- tion,prophylactic antibiotics can be used to prevent infection in surgical operations.Shortening the time of hospitalization before surgical operations and adopting off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting can decrease the infection.CABG is as safe for diabetic patients as for non-diabetic patients.

Objective To determine whether the pressure of continuous CO 2 pheumoperitoneum (CCP) affects port site implantation of tumor cells.Methods Male SD rats were injected intraperitoneally with gastric cancer cells (cell line SGC 7901). Continuous CO 2 pneumoperitoneum at 15*!mm*!Hg or 30*!mm*!Hg for 5*!mins,60*!mins,120*!mins and 180*!mins with different number of tumor cell injection(10 4/ml, 10 6/ml respectively) was then established. Several samples of peritoneal washing served as positive control.All collecting dishes were incubated at 37℃ for one week.Results Dishes were tumor cell positive on which the tumor cells were collected from rats undergoing continuous flows of CO 2 gas (5*!L/min) at pneumoperitoneum of 30*!mm*!Hg for 60 mins or longer and all peritoneal washing samples showed tumor growth also. Conclusion It suggests that the number of tumor cells, pneumoperitoneum pressure and the duration may affect the port site implantation.

Objective To study the diagnostic significance of whole blood sample index in the severity of hand, foot and mouth disease, and to analyze its pathogenesis. Methods 194 cases of severe cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were selected as the case group,and 193 cases of mild hand, foot and mouth disease were selected as the control group. Blood samples were collected after admission to study the whole blood samples, including white blood cells, erythrocytes, platelets, medium cell ratio, lymphocyte ratio, mononuclear cell ratio, C-reactive protein test; The patient's immune system, the nervous system were also tested. Results Compared with patients with mild group, the white blood cell level of the patients in the severe group was higher and the albumin level was higher, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the monocyte ratio, the T cell ratio was lower, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The white blood cell level and monocyte ratio of patients with severe hand, foot and mouth disease have changed. The whole blood sample has a certain sensitivity to the diagnosis of severe hand, foot and mouth disease.

BACKGROUND: Pedicle screw fixation is mainly used to treat thoracolumbar disorders, and accurate placement is the key to success; thereafter, how to improve the accuracy of placement and reduce the secondary nailing is an issue of concern.OBJECTIVE: To compare the advantages and disadvantages of various pedicle screw placement methods and their application value.METHODS: CNKI and PubMed databases were retrieved for clinical research concerning the pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar disorders published before May 2016 using the keywords of pedicle screw fixation, free-hand technique,3D-printing technology, computer navigation technology, clinical application prospect in English and Chinese,respectively. The repetitive literatures were excluded, and the advanced pedicle screw technologies were collected and evaluated in views of feasibility, universality and practicability.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Computer-assisted navigation system and three-dimensional printing technology are the focus of research, but only applied in the treatment of pedicle congenital malformations or complicated cases. (2) Free-hand technique is still the most widely used, which is the essential skills that surgeons must master. (3) Traditional technology is still the mainstream in clinic, so improved preoperative planning, and individualized scheme are needed.

OBJECTIVE To analyze 1000 Hz probe tone tympanometry of middle ear with different volume of fluid, and to evaluate the role of 1000 Hz probe tone tympanometry in the diagnosis of presence of fluid in tympanic cavity. METHODS Tympanometries with 1000 Hz or 226 Hz probe tone were obtained from all the guinea pigs with different volume of fluid in tympanic cavity using GSI33 analyzer and tympanometry curves were analyzed. RESULTS There was a significant difference of the peak pressure of 1000 Hz tympanometry among all test groups and control group. The peak pressure decreased with the increasing of fluid volume in tympanic cavity. CONCLUSION Tympanometry with 1000 Hz probe tone can be used in the diagnosis of fluid in tympanic cavity, and it can be an indicator of volume of fluid in tympanic cavity.

0.05).Conclusion The maximal slow-phase velocity induced by bithermal caloric test failed to decline with aging,implying that the functions of the horizontal semicircular didn't decline with aging.

Objective To evaluate the agreement between colposcopic diagnosis with 2011 colposcopic terminology of the International Federation for Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (IFCPC) and cervical pathology in cervical lesions. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed, which included 376 patients who underwent colposcopy with 2011 international terminology of colposcopy at Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from September 2014 to November 2014. With conization or cervical biopsy pathology as the gold standard, the agreement between colposcopic diagnosis and pathologic diagnosis was calculated and correlations between variables were analyzed. Results With 2011 international terminology of colposcopy, agreement of colposcopic diagnosis and cervical pathology was 60.9%(229/376)perfectly matched, and the strength of agreement with weighted Kappa statistic was 0.401 (P<0.01), and agreement within one grade was 97.6%(367/376), which were improved compared with traditional methods. Colposcopic diagnosis were 19.9%(75/376) overestimated and 19.1%(72/376) underestimated. There were no significant difference between agreements in various grade lesions (χ2=1.996, P=0.573). Positive predictive value of high grade colposcopy or more was 84.4%, the negative predictive value of low grade colposcopy or less was 88.8%, whereas false positives were 3.5%and false negatives were 39.3%. A linear trend among three types of transformation zone and patient ages was found (χ2=45.910, P<0.01), whereas lesion sizes were not linearly correlated with lesion degrees (χ2=0.690, P=0.406). In grade 1, grade 2 and nonspecific findings, thin acetowhite epithelium, dense acetowhite epithelium and Lugol′s non-staining were most frequent, the Youden indexes of each were 0.170, 0.373 and 0.145, 0.069 respectively. Positive predictive value of some other findings (such as fine mosaic) and two new signs (inner border sign and ridge sign) were 100.0%. There were no significant difference between agreements in examiners with different levels of experience (χ2=1.197,P=0.550). Conclusions Compared to traditional methods (such as Reid index), 2011 international terminology of colposcopy could improve the agreement between colposcopic diagnosis and pathologic diagnosis, without significant differences by the severity of lesion and the level of examiners′experience. Common findings were classified reasonably, and some signs were highly reliable, which is important for guiding biopsy. However, the reproducibility of transformation zone types and the implication of lesion size need to be further discussed.

Objective To study the relationship between eye movement,HRV indexes and mental fatigue,find feasible objective indexes and build the comprehensive method to evaluate mental fatigue.Methods When twenty subjects executed the simulated monitoring task for 60 min,pupil diameter and ECG data were recorded by eye tracker system and Holter.The subjects were divided into 2 groups(fatigued group/scarcely fatigued group) according CFF(critical flicker frequency) and reaction time(RT).Based on comparison of various indexes between pre-and post-monitoring task,potent indexes were extracted to evaluate mental fatigue.Results After monitoring task,the change of fatigue feeling,Perclos,r-MSSD,PNN50,HF,LF and TP were significantly different in two groups.Conclusion It's suggested that psychology,Perclos and HRV indexes can be used to build the multilevel comprehensive method which can detect mental fatigue quantitatively and qualitatively.

Objective To observe and evaluate the clinical effect of submental island myocutaneous flap(SIMF) and free skin graft(FSG) for the reconstruction of buccal defect resulted from the buccal carcinomas .Methods Forty-four aged aging patients di-agnosed with the buccal carcinomas were operated by the total dissection of primary tumor and selective neck dissection and recon-structed simultaneously with SIMF(19 cases) and FSG(25 cases) .The degree of postoperative cheek shape ,limitation of mouth o-pening ,speech sound ,and function of chewing were observed and analyzed .Results Eighteen SIMFs were completely survived .The residual muscle flap had a good blood supply after the debridement of skin island in one case ,the successful rate of flaps was 94 .7%(18/19) while 100% (25/25) .The donor site of SIMF was sutured directly .Follow-up was taken in 12 months for all patients .In SIMF group ,the degree of postoperative cheek shape ,limitation of mouth opening ,speech sound ,and function of chewing were bet-ter than those of FSG group in FSG group(P<0 .05) .There was no significant difference between 2 groups in the field of recur-rence and metastasis although the recurrence adjacent to the primary tumor had happened in FSG group in 5 months after operation (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The submental island flap is an excellent choice for the reconstruction of cheek defects in aging patients af-ter resection of buccal carcinoma .With acceptable cosmetic ,functional results and reasonable oncological saftety ,SIMF has a prom-ising prospect in head and neck surgery .

Objective To compare the clinic significance of four clinical scoring systems in evaluating prognosis of acute pancreatitis: bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis(BISAP), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHEⅡ), Ranson’s scoring system, computed tomography severity index (CTSI) in AP. Methods Patients visited our clinic with AP (n=114) in recent 2 years were retrospectively analyzed. BISAP and APACHEⅡscores were obtained at 24 hours after admission; Ranson ’s score was obtained at 48 hours after admission and CTSI are obtained was obtained at 72 hours after admission. Results of four scoring system were compared under different causes and different severity of the dis?ease. Correlation between BISAP score and the other three scores were analyzed and the predicative value of all four scoring systems for severity of AP and death were also compared. Results The mean values of four scoring systems show no signifi?cant difference in AP patients with different etiology (P>0.05). The BISAP score is positively correlated with APACHE-Ⅱ, Ranson ’s score and CTSI score (P<0.01). The four scoring systems all present good predictive value on the severity of AP and death (P<0.01). Conclusion The four scoring systems can all be applied to grading and prognosis for AP of various causes. BISAP is a simple, prompt, economical scoring system in clinical practice.